2. Past Perfect
• You had studied English before you moved to
London.
• Had you studied English before you moved to
London?
• You hadn’t studied English before you moved to
London.
3. Past Perfect
USE:
Completed Action Before Something in
the Past
• She didn’t like the film because she had already read
the book.
• He had rented the house before we moved there.
4. Past Perfect
IMPORTANT:
If the Past Perfect action took place at a specific
time, the Simple Past can be used when "before"
or "after" is used in the sentence.
• She had travelled to Japan once in 1999 before
she moved there in 2011.
• She travelled to Japan once in 1999 before she
moved there in 2011.
5. Past Perfect
BE CAREFUL:
If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a
specific time, then it is not optional.
• She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska.
Not Correct
• She had never seen a bear before she moved to
Alaska. Correct
6. Past Perfect
ADVERB PLACEMENT:
• You had previously studied English before you
moved to New York.
• I had never seen those paintings.
• Had you ever met my boss?
7. Past Perfect
YOUR TURN
• British Council
• Englishpage.com: exercise 1
• Englishpage.com: exercise 2
8. Past Perfect
You can now listen to a story.
Pay attention to the use of Past Perfect.
• click here
