The document discusses the rehabilitation of injured athletes. It outlines several key principles of athlete rehabilitation including preserving general fitness, allowing functional recovery before anatomical healing, accurate diagnosis and treatment, and a team approach involving medical staff and the athlete. It then describes various components and methods of rehabilitation programs including RICE treatment, restoring range of motion, strengthening, and regaining skills. Finally, it discusses goals for return to play including being pain-free, passing diagnostic tests, reconditioning for the sport, and making equipment modifications.
This presentation is the first of a two part strength training series in which I cover: the major muscle groups, basic anatomical motions, and basic exercises for each area of the body.
This presentation is the first of a two part strength training series in which I cover: the major muscle groups, basic anatomical motions, and basic exercises for each area of the body.
Exercise after Total Knee Replacement SurgeryKunal Shah
Exercise after Total Knee Replacement Surgery - Our health information and technologies enable healthier living and better healthcare outcomes, and helps to lower the overall cost of healthcare delivery.
Exercise after Total Knee Replacement SurgeryKunal Shah
Exercise after Total Knee Replacement Surgery - Our health information and technologies enable healthier living and better healthcare outcomes, and helps to lower the overall cost of healthcare delivery.
"Sciatica Solutions: 6 Essential Exercises to Relieve Back Pain"earnwithaffliate4758
"Sciatica Solutions: 6 Essential Exercises to Relieve Back Pain" offers a comprehensive guide to managing and alleviating the discomfort associated with sciatica-related back pain. Sciatica, characterized by radiating pain that originates from the lower back and travels down one or both legs, can significantly impact one's quality of life. This detailed resource provides a carefully curated selection of exercises designed to target and strengthen the muscles surrounding the sciatic nerve, offering relief and promoting healing.
From gentle stretches to targeted strength-building movements, each exercise is explained in detail, accompanied by clear instructions and illustrations to ensure proper form and technique. Whether you're experiencing acute sciatic pain or looking to prevent future flare-ups, these exercises can be incorporated into your daily routine to promote flexibility, improve posture, and reduce inflammation.
With a focus on holistic wellness, "Sciatica Solutions" emphasizes the importance of consistency and patience in the journey toward recovery. By adopting a proactive approach to managing sciatica-related back pain through regular exercise and mindful self-care practices, individuals can reclaim their mobility and regain control over their daily activities.
Whether you're seeking relief from persistent discomfort or simply aiming to enhance your overall well-being, "Sciatica Solutions: 6 Essential Exercises to Relieve Back Pain" serves as a valuable resource, empowering you to take proactive steps toward a healthier, pain-free lifestyle.
Abdominal Exercises: A Review Study For Training Prescriptioninventionjournals
The abdominal muscles are composed of four muscles that must be trained in the same way as the other muscles of the body.This mucular group are very important for postural control in exercises and prevention of low back pain. The objective of this study was to review some questions about abdominal exercises and their practical application, helping the work of the professional training prescription.We used articles in the database: Scielo, Pubmed and SciencDirect resulting in a total of 24 articles used to produce this paper. Knowledge of the issues related to the Electromyographic Activity; stabilisation exercises and abdominal therapeutic exercises is of fundamental importance for professionals working with human movement.
What Is a Pull Up?What Muscles Do Pull Ups Work?Benefits of Pull UpsAQF Sports
A pull-up is also a strength exercise that focuses on the upper-body. It is a closed-chain movement in which you suspend your body with your hands and then pull up. During this action, your shoulders adduct and extend, as the elbows flex, to bring the elbows to the torso. In a pull up, the palms face away from the person doing the exercise.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. Rehabilitation is the act of
restoring something to its
original state.
The noun rehabilitation comes
from the Latin prefix re-
,meaning “again” and
habitare, meaning “make fit.”
Rehabilitation of an athlete is his
restoration to the level of his
fitness after an injury.
3. Principles governing the rehabilitation of the
injured athlete are:
1. Preserve the general
fitness of the body
and prevent
deconditioning.
2. Functional recovery
can precede
anatomical healing.
3. It is important to
diagnose and treat
accurately.
4. Rehabilitation requires
teamwork between the
sports doctor,
paramedical staff such
as: physiotherapist and
sports therapist, and the
athlete.
5. The athlete must have
confidence in himself and
his athletic ability so that
the pattern of the training
and competition is
restored.
4. Controlling swelling
R-rest
I- ice
C- compression
E- elevation
Reducing Pain
Restoring full range of motion
Restoring muscle strength, endurance, power
Reestablishing neuromuscular control
Regaining balance
Maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness
Incorporating functional progressions
COMPONENTS OF REHABILITATION
PROGRAM
5. Various Methods of Treatment
1. Medicines
Systematic medication includes analgesics
and anti-inflammatory agents.
(e.g aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, morphine,
etc)
Topical medications like ointments and
salves have analgesic effect.
Use of steroids with or without anesthetics
should be sparingly and be only with the
hands of experts.
6. 2. Rest of a particular injured tissue.
Rest should be used as little as possible.
3. Surgery
For lesions which do not spontaneously heal
and which are associated with mechanical
derangement, surgery is required. (eg.
Medial meniscus and Achilles tendon.)
4. Physical Treatment
Cold and heat compression as first-aid
treatment of sports injuries.
7. Various forms of
heat are used to
stimulate local
circulation and
relieve pain and
cause relaxation by
a sensory effect.
FORMS OF HEAT STIMULATION (MACHINES)
Infrared Lamp
8. Ultrasound combined with
low volt muscle stimulating
machine
Electrical stimulation:
Faradism
10. Massage
Its sensory effects may stimulate or relax the athlete prior to a
competition.
Joint Manipulation and acupressure by experienced experts may
be helpful.
11. Like conditioning exercises these include exercises for
muscular strength, flexibility, muscular endurance,
coordination, and speed of movement.
Lifting weights to strengthen abductor and extensor muscle:
5. Therapeutic Exercises
12. Heel Slides
This is a knee mobility exercise to increase
the range of knee flexion at the joint.
Isometric Quads
Isometric quad exercises aim to strengthen
the quads by contracting the muscle, with
no, or very little movement of the knee
joint.
Prolonged Knee Flexion Sitting
This exercise is used to increase knee
flexion. Sometimes after a knee or thigh
injury or after surgery on this area it is not
possible to fully bend the knee.
KNEE, THIGH & HAMSTRING
EXERCISES (EARLY STAGE)
13. Prolonged Knee Extension Sitting
This exercise is used to help regain full knee
extension. Often after a severe knee injury
or after surgery it is not possible to fully
straighten the knee
Sit to Stand Exercises
This is a simple exercise that works the
quadriceps in the early stages of
rehabilitation after a knee injury. It is also
helpful for the elderly to maintain quad
strength.
Assisted Knee Flexion
This exercise helps to increase the range of
knee flexion available at the joint. It is
designed for the early stages of
rehabilitation after a knee injury or surgery.
14. Isometric Quad Prone
This exercise strengthens the
quads at the front of the thigh. It
is for the very early stages of a
knee injury or quad strain.
Static hamstring exercises
Static or isometric hamstring
exercises can be used in the early
stages of rehabilitation for a knee
injury or a hamstring strain to
help prevent muscle wasting.
15. Isometric Shoulder Exercises
Isometric shoulder exercises involve
contracting the muscle without moving the
arm. They are used most often in the very early
stages of rehabilitation where exercises
involving movement may cause pain.
Scapular Squeeze Shoulder Exercise
In a sitting position with the elbows by the side
the athlete squeezes the shoulder blades
together, holding for 5-10 seconds. This
strengthens the rhomboids and middle
trapezius.
Diagonal Plane Exercises
The athlete holds one end of a resistance band
starting with the arm raised out to the side
above shoulder height. The arm is pulled down
across the body so that hand reaches the other
hip. It is important the athlete maintains joint
stability.
SHOULDER EXERCISES
(STRENGTHENING)
16. Lat Pull Down Shoulder Exercise
The band is anchored at a high point
with the ends held in each hand. The
athlete then pulls down.
Standing Chest Press Shoulder Exercise
Athlete anchors the elastic band at chest
level and holds one end in each hand.
Athlete pushes straight forwards until
the elbows are straight.
Push Up against a Wall
The Push-up performed against a wall
strengthens the chest muscles as well as
the scapula muscles. It is an easier
version of the normal press up. It can
also be performed explosively later in
the rehabilitation program.
17. Chest Pass
The athlete stands one meter from a rebound
net or partner and forcefully throws a medicine
ball from chest height with both hands then
repeat.
Extension in prone with dumbbell
Shoulder extension in a prone lying position (on
the front) to strengthen the posterior shoulder
muscles and the back. Keeping the scapula
depressed the athlete moves the arm and weight
out backwards and upwards.
Front Raise Shoulder Exercise
This front raise requires a resistance band and
strengthens the front of the shoulder. The
athlete places one end of the elastic band under
one foot and lifts the arm forwards and
upwards.
18. Upper Extremity Ball Stabilization
The athlete lies on a massage table and
balances with one hand on a large swiss
/ gym ball. Increase difficulty by moving
the arm in a circular motion.
Hand Walking on Treadmill / Stool
The athlete walks on their hands either
supporting their weight on the stool or
walking on their hands on a treadmill in
the gym.
Wobble Board for Shoulders
Wobble board exercises for shoulder
stability. Various exercises can be done
by placing the weight through the arms
on a wobble balance board.
19. Lateral Raise Shoulder Exercise
The arm is kept straight and raised
out the side, then lowered. Band can
be anchored under the foot.
Wood Chops shoulder exercise
The wood chop shoulder exercise
improves the upper body strength
and explosive strength.
Reverse Fly Shoulder Exercise
Athlete holds the resistance band or
pulley slightly below shoulder level
and pulls towards chest by pulling
arms backwards.
20. Rehab exercises for the wrist and hand
should always be done pain free. The
number of repetitions will depend on your
injury or strengthening aims and stage of
rehabilitation.
Assisted Supinator Stretch
This stretch requires the help of a partner
or therapist to stretch the muscles which
supinate the wrist (turn the hand over).
Finger Exercises with Rubber Band
Rubber band exercises are a great way
for strengthening the finger extensors
and is commonly used in treating tennis
elbow injuries as the same muscles
causing pain at the elbow, also control
finger extension.
WRIST & HAND EXERCISES
21. Prolonged Wrist Stretches
This exercise aims to increase the range of motion
into pronation and supination. Pronation is the
movement of turning the hand so the palm faces
downwards.
Putty Exercises (Various)
Putty can be used to strengthen the small muscles
of the wrist and hand. This is useful after injuries
such as fracture to any of the small bones in the
hand or a wrist, thumb or finger sprain.
Wrist Extension
it is a great exercise for rehabilitation of injuries
such as tennis elbow and sprains/fractures of the
wrist.
Wrist Flexion
This wrist flexion exercise can be performed with a
dumbbell as shown, or with a resistance band. It is
great for strengthening the wrist flexor muscles of
the forearm after wrist and elbow injuries.
22. I. Stage 1
A. Flexion
B. Extension
C. Inversion
D. Eversion
II. Stage 2
A. Foot Circles
B. Alphabet
III. Stage 3
A. Towel Exercise
B. Pick-Up Exercise
C. Toe Rise
ANKLE REHABILITATION EXERCISE PROGRAM
IV. Stage 4
A. Repeat range of motion exercises
B. Hopping exercises
C. If able to do A and B, you may now do
the following:
1. Active jogging and walking with the
uncle strapped.
2. Sprint at full speed and run circles.
3. Run zigzag course.
4. Test on the right angle quick cuts,
both to right and left.
23. Before the athlete can return to regular athletic competition, several
goals must be met.
First, the athlete must be completely free of pain and weakness and
must regain full range of motion of the neck.
Second, the diagnostic tests such as the EMG and/or MRI should
not reveal any active nerve damage or severe nerve compression.
Third, the athlete must be reconditioned for the sport especially if
he has not competed for a while.
Fourth, improvement in the athlete's playing technique (such as
blocking and tackling) and equipment modifications should be made
to protect the athlete from further injury.
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