The document discusses how the cell cycle is regulated and how cancer cells differ from normal cells. It explains that the cell cycle is regulated by proteins both inside and outside the cell, and by chemical signals that can turn cell growth on or off. Cancer cells do not respond to the typical signals that regulate normal cell growth and division, and they grow uncontrolled into tumors. The document also covers what causes cancer, noting it is due to defects in genes that regulate the cell cycle.

1. Regulating the Cell Cycle miller 10.3

2. Controls on Cell Division How is the cell cycle regulated?

3. Controls on Cell Division How is the cell cycle regulated? by regulatory proteins both inside and outside the cell

4. Controls on Cell Division How is the cell cycle regulated? by regulatory proteins both inside and outside the cell. these chemicals can turn cell growth signals on or off

5. Cyclins Cyclins = type of proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells. Interpret this graph

6. When might cell growth need to be stimulated?

7. an injury can stimulate cell growth to heal the damage When might cell growth need to be stimulated?

8. Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Growth How do cancer cells differ from other cells?

9. Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Growth How do cancer cells differ from other cells?   ✓ do not respond to signals that regulate growth of most cells

10. Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Growth How do cancer cells differ from other cells?   ✓ do not respond to signals that regulate growth of most cells don’t respond to chemical signals don’t respond to contact inhibition

11. Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Growth How do cancer cells differ from other cells?   ✓ do not respond to signals that regulate growth of most cells ✓ grow into tumors don’t respond to chemical signals don’t respond to contact inhibition

12. Contact Inhibition

14. Tumors A benign tumor is noncancerous. It does not spread to surrounding healthy tissue. A malignant tumor is cancerous.

15. A benign tumor is noncancerous. It does not spread to surrounding healthy tissue. A malignant tumor is cancerous: invades and destroys surrounding healthy tissue

16. A benign tumor is noncancerous. It does not spread to surrounding healthy tissue. A malignant tumor is cancerous: invades and destroys surrounding healthy tissue can spread to other parts of the body (called metastasis)

17. A benign tumor is noncancerous. It does not spread to surrounding healthy tissue. A malignant tumor is cancerous: invades and destroys surrounding healthy tissue can spread to other parts of the body (called metastasis. cancer cells absorb nutrients needed by other cells, block nerve connections, and prevent organs from functioning

20. What Causes Cancer? Cancers are caused by defects in genes that regulate cell growth and division.

21. What Causes Cancer? Cancers are caused by defects in genes that regulate cell growth and division. gene called “p53” is commonly involved

22. What Causes Cancer? Cancers are caused by defects in genes that regulate cell growth and division. gene called “p53” is commonly involved exposure to certain chemicals (from smoking, radiation, viruses for example) can damage genes

23. end of part 1