Ovarian Cancer - A Snapshot
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The latest facts and figures surrounding Ovarian cancer, the most aggressive form of gynecological cancer and one of the most common causes of female cancer death.
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Breast Cancer Facts, brought to you by Spencer Trask & Co.
Myriad Genetics was co-founded in 1991 by Doctors Mark Skolnick and Walter Gilbert, and entrepreneur and Spencer Trask & Co. Chairman, Kevin Kimberlin. It was the first company solely dedicated to finding disease-causing genome sequences. Since 1991, more than 1.5 million patients have already benefited from Myriad’s genetic testing. Their discovery of the breast cancer gene was a major breakthrough in the genome revolution, and the impetus for the Human Genome Project.
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Breast cancer develops from cells in the breast, usually in the lobules or ducts, and can invade nearby healthy tissue and lymph nodes over time. The most common types are ductal carcinoma, which starts in the ducts, and lobular carcinoma, which starts in the lobes. Breast cancer is staged based on tumor size and spread, from Stage 0 (non-invasive) to Stage IV (metastasized to other parts of the body). Risk factors include family history, genetic factors like BRCA1/2 mutations, reproductive factors, and lifestyle factors. Treatment depends on the cancer type and stage, and may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted biotherapies.
Breast Cancer: A focus on BRCA Mutations.
It describes the prevalence of Breast Cancer among BRCA 1/2 mutations with special consideration to biological background, detection and screening, actions taken upon discovering mutation carriers and whether we have a different therapeutic algorithm than sporadic cases. Special emphasis on the role of PARP inhibitors in the management of metastatic disease.
BRCA – IMPORTANCE IN HEREDITARY BREAST & OVARIAN CANCER by Dr Sharda Jain
BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations significantly increase the risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Screening for these mutations allows for increased surveillance and risk-reducing procedures that can improve health outcomes. Specifically:
- BRCA1/2 mutation carriers have a 40-80% risk of developing breast cancer and a 11-40% risk of ovarian cancer.
- Bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy can decrease breast cancer risk by at least 90% for carriers. Bilateral risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy can reduce ovarian and breast cancer risks by approximately 80% and 50% respectively.
- Genetic testing costs around 23k in India and allows high-risk families and individuals to
Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer
This document discusses hereditary breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. It provides information on BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations which are responsible for a large portion of familial breast cancer cases. Other genes like PALB2 are also discussed. The document reports the results of a study that sequenced DNA from breast cancer patients and found PALB2 mutations in 1% of cases negative for BRCA1/2 mutations, suggesting PALB2 mutations also contribute to hereditary breast cancer risk.
Breast cancer what type are you at risk for
Breast cancer comes in types, receptor positive or negative and genetic associated or not. Learn how to talk about it and then use your knowledge to have a great discussion with your doctor.
A data driven nomogram for breast cancer survival
This document describes the development of a nomogram to predict breast cancer survival using demographic, diagnostic, and treatment data from the SEER database. The authors selected 13 variables related to survival time, age, race, cancer stage and other factors. Different classification models were tested including logistic regression, naive bayes, decision trees, and random forests. Cox proportional hazards and Aalen's additive regression models were also used. The results were used to build a "calculator" or nomogram to estimate survival time for individuals based on their characteristics. Limitations include the nomogram not being a substitute for medical advice and potential missing or incomplete data in the SEER database.
Ganz 2 13-13
This document discusses hereditary cancer predisposition. It notes that cancer arises from gene mutations, which can be either germline mutations present in eggs or sperm that are heritable, or somatic mutations in non-germline tissues that are not heritable. While all cancer has a genetic basis, not all cancer is inherited. It highlights BRCA1 and BRCA2 as genes commonly associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk, especially in Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Management options for related cancer risks include surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic surgery. Genetic testing for predisposition involves multiple steps including counseling, consent, testing, and disclosure of results.
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Breast Cancer Facts, brought to you by Spencer Trask & Co.
Myriad Genetics was co-founded in 1991 by Doctors Mark Skolnick and Walter Gilbert, and entrepreneur and Spencer Trask & Co. Chairman, Kevin Kimberlin. It was the first company solely dedicated to finding disease-causing genome sequences. Since 1991, more than 1.5 million patients have already benefited from Myriad’s genetic testing. Their discovery of the breast cancer gene was a major breakthrough in the genome revolution, and the impetus for the Human Genome Project.
Bcancer
Breast cancer develops from cells in the breast, usually in the lobules or ducts, and can invade nearby healthy tissue and lymph nodes over time. The most common types are ductal carcinoma, which starts in the ducts, and lobular carcinoma, which starts in the lobes. Breast cancer is staged based on tumor size and spread, from Stage 0 (non-invasive) to Stage IV (metastasized to other parts of the body). Risk factors include family history, genetic factors like BRCA1/2 mutations, reproductive factors, and lifestyle factors. Treatment depends on the cancer type and stage, and may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted biotherapies.
Breast Cancer: A focus on BRCA Mutations.
It describes the prevalence of Breast Cancer among BRCA 1/2 mutations with special consideration to biological background, detection and screening, actions taken upon discovering mutation carriers and whether we have a different therapeutic algorithm than sporadic cases. Special emphasis on the role of PARP inhibitors in the management of metastatic disease.
BRCA – IMPORTANCE IN HEREDITARY BREAST & OVARIAN CANCER by Dr Sharda Jain
BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations significantly increase the risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Screening for these mutations allows for increased surveillance and risk-reducing procedures that can improve health outcomes. Specifically:
- BRCA1/2 mutation carriers have a 40-80% risk of developing breast cancer and a 11-40% risk of ovarian cancer.
- Bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy can decrease breast cancer risk by at least 90% for carriers. Bilateral risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy can reduce ovarian and breast cancer risks by approximately 80% and 50% respectively.
- Genetic testing costs around 23k in India and allows high-risk families and individuals to
Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer
This document discusses hereditary breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. It provides information on BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations which are responsible for a large portion of familial breast cancer cases. Other genes like PALB2 are also discussed. The document reports the results of a study that sequenced DNA from breast cancer patients and found PALB2 mutations in 1% of cases negative for BRCA1/2 mutations, suggesting PALB2 mutations also contribute to hereditary breast cancer risk.
Breast cancer what type are you at risk for
Breast cancer comes in types, receptor positive or negative and genetic associated or not. Learn how to talk about it and then use your knowledge to have a great discussion with your doctor.
A data driven nomogram for breast cancer survival
This document describes the development of a nomogram to predict breast cancer survival using demographic, diagnostic, and treatment data from the SEER database. The authors selected 13 variables related to survival time, age, race, cancer stage and other factors. Different classification models were tested including logistic regression, naive bayes, decision trees, and random forests. Cox proportional hazards and Aalen's additive regression models were also used. The results were used to build a "calculator" or nomogram to estimate survival time for individuals based on their characteristics. Limitations include the nomogram not being a substitute for medical advice and potential missing or incomplete data in the SEER database.
Ganz 2 13-13
This document discusses hereditary cancer predisposition. It notes that cancer arises from gene mutations, which can be either germline mutations present in eggs or sperm that are heritable, or somatic mutations in non-germline tissues that are not heritable. While all cancer has a genetic basis, not all cancer is inherited. It highlights BRCA1 and BRCA2 as genes commonly associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk, especially in Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Management options for related cancer risks include surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic surgery. Genetic testing for predisposition involves multiple steps including counseling, consent, testing, and disclosure of results.
Cancer
Cervical and prostate cancer are discussed. Cervical cancer is more common in women and is caused by HPV virus. Risk factors include multiple sexual partners and family history. Symptoms include abnormal bleeding and discharge. Prostate cancer risks increase with age, family history, and diet high in animal fats. Symptoms include frequent urination and blood in the urine or semen. Both can be treated through surgery or radiation therapy if detected early. Screenings like pap smears and PSA tests are important.
The role of Hysterectomy on BRCA mutation carriers
Hysterectomy may reduce the risk of uterine cancer for BRCA mutation carriers taking tamoxifen, by allowing estrogen-only hormone therapy and eliminating the uterine cancer risk from tamoxifen. However, the risks of hysterectomy, such as surgical complications, need to be weighed against the uncertain increased uterine cancer risk from tamoxifen. Studies have found both increased and similar uterine cancer rates in BRCA carriers taking tamoxifen compared to the general population. The decision to perform hysterectomy should be individualized based on risk factors and treatment options.
Prophylaxis and early diagnosis of breast cancer
The document discusses the BRCA1/2 genetic test, which analyzes genes associated with breast and ovarian cancer risk. It can detect mutations that increase cancer risk from 40-85%. The test uses next generation sequencing to fully analyze the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. A positive result provides information on cancer monitoring and prevention options and has implications for other family members' cancer risk. The document is from a Polish genetics laboratory that offers the BRCA1/2 test and genetic counseling.
Aviad Zick. Role of BRCA status in treatment planning
1) BRCA status is important for treatment planning in breast cancer patients. Those with BRCA1/2 mutations have increased risk of contralateral breast cancer and benefit more from risk-reducing bilateral mastectomies.
2) Patients with BRCA mutations, especially BRCA1, have better responses to platinum-based chemotherapy compared to non-carriers. Platinum drugs may be a better option for these patients.
3) Testing for a wide panel of hereditary cancer genes is now possible using new sequencing technologies, which may help guide more personalized treatment decisions.
Breast cancer genetic testing: Is it right for you?
Oct. 2013 Via Christi Women's Connection presentation on breast cancer genetic testing featuring Patty Tenofsky, MD, with Via Christi Clinic in Wichita, Kan.
Brca testing
BRCA Testing is a gene test that uses DNA analyses.
This test is usually done to identify the harmful changes of the two breast cancer susceptibility genes.
Principles of medical genetic
The document discusses two medical research studies. The first identifies a gene called IL13RA2 that is involved in breast cancer growth and metastasis. Modulating levels of this gene may help develop new cancer therapies. The second study discovers three proteins in urine that can identify early-stage pancreatic cancer, allowing a non-invasive screening test. These findings further medical understanding of cancer development and could lead to improved diagnostic tests and targeted treatments.
BRCA Bible
This document provides a guide to understanding BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and managing cancer risks for carriers. It discusses background on the genes and associated cancer risks, screening and risk reduction options for breast and ovarian cancer, sharing genetic information with family, and other topics like insurance and family planning considerations. The key points are that BRCA1/2 carriers have high lifetime risks of breast and ovarian cancer, and screening and risk-reducing surgeries are options to help manage those risks, though neither prevent cancer. Genetic testing of relatives is also recommended to identify others who may benefit from similar risk management strategies.
Stages of Breast Cancer
Various stages & sub-stages of breast cancer in details especially characterization by the T-N-M scale.
Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
Molecular classification of breast cancer into five distinct subtypes based on the genes of breast tumour cells.
Genetics of Breast Cancer
This document summarizes genetics of hereditary breast cancer. About 5-10% of breast cancers are hereditary, with 40-50% caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Genetic testing is recommended for patients with a family history suggesting over 20-25% risk of a BRCA mutation. A positive test result increases cancer surveillance and treatment options like prophylactic surgeries, while laws protect against genetic discrimination in health insurance.
Breast Cancer
This document provides an overview of breast cancer genetics and risk assessment. It discusses that 10-25% of cancers are hereditary while the majority are due to acquired mutations over a lifetime. Highly penetrant genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer large risks, while many low penetrance genes each confer small risks. Risk assessment evaluates family history and can classify risk as average, moderate or high to guide screening and management. Genetic testing of high risk families can identify pathogenic variants to further guide screening and prevention for mutation carriers and their relatives.
Web. hboc visual aids
The document summarizes information about hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC). It finds that 10-25% of breast cancer and 5-10% of ovarian cancer is considered hereditary. The majority of HBOC cases, around 84%, are caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations have significantly increased lifetime risks of developing breast cancer (56-87% for both genes) and ovarian cancer (44% for BRCA1, 27% for BRCA2) compared to the general population. Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations is available to assess cancer risk and guide risk-reducing medical or
HEREDITARY BREAST and OVARY CANCER [HBOC] SYNDROME, Dr BUI DAC CHI.
The BRCA genes normally help repair DNA damage but mutations increase cancer risk. Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) Syndrome is caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, increasing risks for early-onset breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and other cancers. Genetic testing can identify BRCA mutations to diagnose HBOC and determine risks for family members. Referral for genetic testing should be considered for those with personal or family histories of certain cancers.
Cervical+cancer+for+student+final
Cervical cancer is the most common cancer killer of women in developing countries. It has a high incidence rate of 15-30 per 100,000 women. Risk factors include HPV, smoking, multiple sexual partners, long-term birth control pill use, and HIV. Precancerous changes can be detected by Pap smears and colposcopy, allowing treatment before the disease becomes invasive. Early symptoms may include abnormal bleeding, but it can also be asymptomatic. Treatment involves radical hysterectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy depending on the FIGO stage - from local tumor to distant metastasis. Screening and HPV vaccination can help prevent cervical cancer.
Breast Cancer Biomarkers
The types of breast cancer biomarkers in cancer detection provide a unique view of what is occurring in the bloodstream and can help improve breast cancer detection.
Nuria. REU abstract first draft
This study aims to determine if an ancestral link exists among Latina patients diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is an aggressive form of breast cancer that lacks estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, making it difficult to treat. The researchers analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 100 Latinas with and without TNBC to determine their maternal ancestry. Preliminary results found that a TNBC cell line displayed African ancestry based on mtDNA, while a triple-positive breast cancer cell line showed European ancestry. The researchers predict that TNBC tumor samples will show a greater percentage of African ancestry. Identifying an ancestral link could help develop early detection and treatment methods for TNBC.
Prognostic & predictive factors of breast cancer
1) Prognostic factors provide information about a patient's outcome without treatment, while predictive factors provide information about how a patient may respond to a specific treatment.
2) Many clinical factors, pathological features, tissue markers, and genomic expression profiles can provide prognostic and predictive information for breast cancer patients.
3) Key prognostic factors include age, tumor stage, tumor size, nodal involvement, histological grade, hormone receptor status, and intrinsic subtypes. Predictive factors include hormone receptor and HER2 status.
Cancer de mama 1 18
The incidence of breast cancer is lower in Latin American countries than developed countries, but the mortality rate is higher, likely due to differences in screening and treatment access. Population data is needed to make informed healthcare decisions. A survey of Latin American experts found most countries lacked mammography guidelines and low-income areas had little access. Delays were common between diagnosis and treatment. Breast cancer is the abnormal proliferation of breast gland cells and most breast tumors are carcinomas arising from epithelial or glandular tissues. Projections estimate rising breast cancer cases in coming decades worldwide and in Peru specifically if prevention and care do not improve.
DrTerespolsky
This document discusses hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and the role of genetics in cancer risk. It provides an overview of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes which are known to increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers when mutated. Individuals with mutations in these genes have a high lifetime risk, up to 85%, of developing breast cancer and 16-44% risk for ovarian cancer. Referral to a cancer genetics clinic is recommended for those with a strong family history or personal history of related cancers to determine risk and recommend screening and management options.
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The document provides guidance on preparing lysates for western blotting. It discusses important components of lysis buffers such as buffer systems, salt ions, chaotropic agents, protease inhibitors, and reductants. Tips are provided for optimizing protein extraction from cells and tissues, including using protease inhibitors, sonicating to remove nucleic acids, and fractionating samples. Maintaining consistent protein concentrations between samples and including loading controls are also recommended for successful western blots.
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Cancer
Cervical and prostate cancer are discussed. Cervical cancer is more common in women and is caused by HPV virus. Risk factors include multiple sexual partners and family history. Symptoms include abnormal bleeding and discharge. Prostate cancer risks increase with age, family history, and diet high in animal fats. Symptoms include frequent urination and blood in the urine or semen. Both can be treated through surgery or radiation therapy if detected early. Screenings like pap smears and PSA tests are important.
The role of Hysterectomy on BRCA mutation carriers
Hysterectomy may reduce the risk of uterine cancer for BRCA mutation carriers taking tamoxifen, by allowing estrogen-only hormone therapy and eliminating the uterine cancer risk from tamoxifen. However, the risks of hysterectomy, such as surgical complications, need to be weighed against the uncertain increased uterine cancer risk from tamoxifen. Studies have found both increased and similar uterine cancer rates in BRCA carriers taking tamoxifen compared to the general population. The decision to perform hysterectomy should be individualized based on risk factors and treatment options.
Prophylaxis and early diagnosis of breast cancer
The document discusses the BRCA1/2 genetic test, which analyzes genes associated with breast and ovarian cancer risk. It can detect mutations that increase cancer risk from 40-85%. The test uses next generation sequencing to fully analyze the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. A positive result provides information on cancer monitoring and prevention options and has implications for other family members' cancer risk. The document is from a Polish genetics laboratory that offers the BRCA1/2 test and genetic counseling.
Aviad Zick. Role of BRCA status in treatment planning
1) BRCA status is important for treatment planning in breast cancer patients. Those with BRCA1/2 mutations have increased risk of contralateral breast cancer and benefit more from risk-reducing bilateral mastectomies.
2) Patients with BRCA mutations, especially BRCA1, have better responses to platinum-based chemotherapy compared to non-carriers. Platinum drugs may be a better option for these patients.
3) Testing for a wide panel of hereditary cancer genes is now possible using new sequencing technologies, which may help guide more personalized treatment decisions.
Breast cancer genetic testing: Is it right for you?
Oct. 2013 Via Christi Women's Connection presentation on breast cancer genetic testing featuring Patty Tenofsky, MD, with Via Christi Clinic in Wichita, Kan.
Brca testing
BRCA Testing is a gene test that uses DNA analyses.
This test is usually done to identify the harmful changes of the two breast cancer susceptibility genes.
Principles of medical genetic
The document discusses two medical research studies. The first identifies a gene called IL13RA2 that is involved in breast cancer growth and metastasis. Modulating levels of this gene may help develop new cancer therapies. The second study discovers three proteins in urine that can identify early-stage pancreatic cancer, allowing a non-invasive screening test. These findings further medical understanding of cancer development and could lead to improved diagnostic tests and targeted treatments.
BRCA Bible
This document provides a guide to understanding BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and managing cancer risks for carriers. It discusses background on the genes and associated cancer risks, screening and risk reduction options for breast and ovarian cancer, sharing genetic information with family, and other topics like insurance and family planning considerations. The key points are that BRCA1/2 carriers have high lifetime risks of breast and ovarian cancer, and screening and risk-reducing surgeries are options to help manage those risks, though neither prevent cancer. Genetic testing of relatives is also recommended to identify others who may benefit from similar risk management strategies.
Stages of Breast Cancer
Various stages & sub-stages of breast cancer in details especially characterization by the T-N-M scale.
Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
Molecular classification of breast cancer into five distinct subtypes based on the genes of breast tumour cells.
Genetics of Breast Cancer
This document summarizes genetics of hereditary breast cancer. About 5-10% of breast cancers are hereditary, with 40-50% caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Genetic testing is recommended for patients with a family history suggesting over 20-25% risk of a BRCA mutation. A positive test result increases cancer surveillance and treatment options like prophylactic surgeries, while laws protect against genetic discrimination in health insurance.
Breast Cancer
This document provides an overview of breast cancer genetics and risk assessment. It discusses that 10-25% of cancers are hereditary while the majority are due to acquired mutations over a lifetime. Highly penetrant genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer large risks, while many low penetrance genes each confer small risks. Risk assessment evaluates family history and can classify risk as average, moderate or high to guide screening and management. Genetic testing of high risk families can identify pathogenic variants to further guide screening and prevention for mutation carriers and their relatives.
Web. hboc visual aids
The document summarizes information about hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC). It finds that 10-25% of breast cancer and 5-10% of ovarian cancer is considered hereditary. The majority of HBOC cases, around 84%, are caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations have significantly increased lifetime risks of developing breast cancer (56-87% for both genes) and ovarian cancer (44% for BRCA1, 27% for BRCA2) compared to the general population. Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations is available to assess cancer risk and guide risk-reducing medical or
HEREDITARY BREAST and OVARY CANCER [HBOC] SYNDROME, Dr BUI DAC CHI.
The BRCA genes normally help repair DNA damage but mutations increase cancer risk. Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) Syndrome is caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, increasing risks for early-onset breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and other cancers. Genetic testing can identify BRCA mutations to diagnose HBOC and determine risks for family members. Referral for genetic testing should be considered for those with personal or family histories of certain cancers.
Cervical+cancer+for+student+final
Cervical cancer is the most common cancer killer of women in developing countries. It has a high incidence rate of 15-30 per 100,000 women. Risk factors include HPV, smoking, multiple sexual partners, long-term birth control pill use, and HIV. Precancerous changes can be detected by Pap smears and colposcopy, allowing treatment before the disease becomes invasive. Early symptoms may include abnormal bleeding, but it can also be asymptomatic. Treatment involves radical hysterectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy depending on the FIGO stage - from local tumor to distant metastasis. Screening and HPV vaccination can help prevent cervical cancer.
Breast Cancer Biomarkers
The types of breast cancer biomarkers in cancer detection provide a unique view of what is occurring in the bloodstream and can help improve breast cancer detection.
Nuria. REU abstract first draft
This study aims to determine if an ancestral link exists among Latina patients diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is an aggressive form of breast cancer that lacks estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, making it difficult to treat. The researchers analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 100 Latinas with and without TNBC to determine their maternal ancestry. Preliminary results found that a TNBC cell line displayed African ancestry based on mtDNA, while a triple-positive breast cancer cell line showed European ancestry. The researchers predict that TNBC tumor samples will show a greater percentage of African ancestry. Identifying an ancestral link could help develop early detection and treatment methods for TNBC.
Prognostic & predictive factors of breast cancer
1) Prognostic factors provide information about a patient's outcome without treatment, while predictive factors provide information about how a patient may respond to a specific treatment.
2) Many clinical factors, pathological features, tissue markers, and genomic expression profiles can provide prognostic and predictive information for breast cancer patients.
3) Key prognostic factors include age, tumor stage, tumor size, nodal involvement, histological grade, hormone receptor status, and intrinsic subtypes. Predictive factors include hormone receptor and HER2 status.
Cancer de mama 1 18
The incidence of breast cancer is lower in Latin American countries than developed countries, but the mortality rate is higher, likely due to differences in screening and treatment access. Population data is needed to make informed healthcare decisions. A survey of Latin American experts found most countries lacked mammography guidelines and low-income areas had little access. Delays were common between diagnosis and treatment. Breast cancer is the abnormal proliferation of breast gland cells and most breast tumors are carcinomas arising from epithelial or glandular tissues. Projections estimate rising breast cancer cases in coming decades worldwide and in Peru specifically if prevention and care do not improve.
DrTerespolsky
This document discusses hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and the role of genetics in cancer risk. It provides an overview of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes which are known to increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers when mutated. Individuals with mutations in these genes have a high lifetime risk, up to 85%, of developing breast cancer and 16-44% risk for ovarian cancer. Referral to a cancer genetics clinic is recommended for those with a strong family history or personal history of related cancers to determine risk and recommend screening and management options.
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Ovarian cancer accounts for 3-4% of cancers in women and is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women in the US. There are several risk factors for ovarian cancer including family history, ethnicity, reproductive history, and use of hormones. Ovarian cancers are generally divided into epithelial, germ cell, and stromal cell tumors. Early symptoms are vague but may include pelvic pain or pressure, back pain, bloating, and digestive issues. As the cancer progresses, symptoms worsen and may include abdominal swelling, weight loss, and changes in bowel or urinary habits. Diagnosis involves physical exam, tumor marker tests, ultrasound or CT imaging, and surgical staging to determine if the cancer
Ovarian cancer.pptx
Ovarian cancer accounts for 3-4% of cancers in women and is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in females in the US. Some key points about ovarian cancer include that it typically presents at an advanced stage, the strongest risk factor is family history, and the main types are epithelial tumors, germ cell tumors, and stromal tumors. Diagnosis involves tumor markers like CA-125, ultrasound, and CT or MRI imaging to determine the stage of disease.
Ovarian cancer
a nice presentation about the Ovarian Cancer its include an introduction with brief notes about the epidemiology and risk factors then shift to pathology and pathogenesis and diagnosis with signs , symptoms and lab tests with imaging modules , screening , management
Epidemiology of uterine cancer
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States, with over 54,000 new cases and 10,000 deaths estimated in 2015. Risk factors include nulliparity, late menopause, obesity, diabetes, and use of unopposed estrogen therapy. The majority of cases are endometrioid adenocarcinomas associated with estrogen stimulation of the endometrium. About 3-5% of cases are caused by Lynch syndrome which is associated with mutations in mismatch repair genes. Prognosis is best for early stage localized disease, with an overall 5-year survival rate of 81.5%.
Ovariancancer
Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries. The female reproductive system contains two ovaries, one on each side of the uterus.
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This document discusses hereditary cancer predisposition. It notes that cancer arises from gene mutations, which can be either germline mutations present in eggs or sperm that are heritable, or somatic mutations in non-germline tissues that are not heritable. While all cancer has a genetic basis, not all cancer is inherited. It highlights BRCA1 and BRCA2 as genes commonly associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk, especially in Ashkenazi Jewish populations. Management options for related cancer risks include surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic surgery. Genetic testing for predisposition involves multiple steps including counseling, consent, testing, and disclosure of results.
CES201701-Clase 2
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Oncologic Pathology_A Case-based Organ Systems Review (USMLE Step 1)
The document discusses cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. It notes that the most common cancers in men are prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer, while the leading causes of cancer death in men are lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer. In women, the most common cancers are breast, lung, and colorectal cancer, while the leading causes of cancer death are lung, breast, and colorectal cancer. The document also provides case studies and information on gastric cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer.
Breat Cancer Screening Essay
Breast Cancer Screening Essay
The document discusses the benefits of mammograms in detecting breast cancer early, especially for women in their forties and fifties. However, mammograms have limitations as they can miss some cancers and lead to unnecessary biopsies. Women should be informed of both the benefits and limitations of regular breast cancer screening. The purpose of mammograms is to find small breast cancers early, but they can be difficult to detect in women with dense breast tissue. Screening mammograms have been found to identify 66% of breast cancers in women and 51% in women under 50.
Ovarian Malignancy ppt
This document provides an overview of ovarian cancer, including risk factors, pathology, diagnosis, screening, staging, and management. Some key points include:
- Ovarian cancer accounts for 3-4% of cancers in women and is the fourth leading cause of cancer death.
- Risk factors include family history, ethnicity, reproductive history, and use of hormones.
- Diagnosis involves physical exam, tumor markers like CA-125, ultrasound, CT or MRI to determine if a mass is benign or malignant.
- Staging follows the FIGO system from I to IV depending on extent of spread. Surgery and chemotherapy are the primary treatments.
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Breast Cancer Essay examples
Essay on Breast Cancer Treatment
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Essay on Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer Essay
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Ovarian Cancer Fact Sheet
Ovarian cancer starts in the ovaries and can spread to other organs such as the liver, lungs, and peritoneum. It mainly affects women over age 55 but can also impact younger women. Risk factors include family history, genetic mutations, never having children, obesity, and endometriosis. Symptoms include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, and difficulty eating. There are over 30 types of ovarian cancer but the most common are epithelial, germ cell, and stromal cancers. Diagnosis involves exams, blood tests, imaging scans, and surgery to determine if symptoms are cancerous.
Genesilencing in Breast Cancer
This document summarizes information about breast cancer, including:
1. It discusses the classification, epidemiology, symptoms, risk factors, anatomy, pathology, stages, diagnosis, treatment and screening of breast cancer.
2. Key points include that breast cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the breast, and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Risk factors include age, family history, obesity, lifestyle factors and genetics.
3. Diagnosis involves physical exams, mammograms, biopsies and tests for biomarkers. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormone therapy. Early detection through screening and awareness of risk factors can improve outcomes.
Gene silencing in Breast cancer
This document summarizes information about breast cancer, including:
1. It discusses the classification, epidemiology, symptoms, risk factors, anatomy, pathology, stages, diagnosis, treatment and screening of breast cancer.
2. Key points include that breast cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the breast, and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Risk factors include age, family history, obesity, lifestyle factors and genetics.
3. Diagnosis involves physical exams, mammograms, biopsies and tests for hormone receptors. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiation and hormone therapy. Early detection through screening and awareness of risk factors can improve outcomes.
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV infection is very common and in most cases does not cause health problems, but some high-risk HPV types can cause cervical cancer over many years if left untreated. Screening through regular Pap tests can detect pre-cancerous changes early so they can be treated before they develop into invasive cancer. A new HPV vaccine protects against the types of HPV that cause most cervical cancers.
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer begins in the cells of the cervix. It develops as these cells change from normal to pre-cancerous to cancerous. The main risk factor is human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Screening with regular Pap tests can detect cell changes early. Treatment depends on the stage and may include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Research is exploring HPV testing and vaccines for prevention as well as improved treatments.
Breast cancer
This document provides a review of genetic and environmental factors for breast cancer. It begins with an introduction on breast cancer prevalence worldwide and in Africa/Ethiopia specifically. It then outlines the document structure. The body discusses several genetic factors that may increase breast cancer risk, such as mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, p53, PTEN, and STK11 genes. Environmental risk factors mentioned include ionizing radiation, organochlorines, reproductive life factors, exogenous estrogen use, alcohol consumption, and increased age. The conclusion and recommendations sections are not included in the summary.
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- 1. OVARIAN CANCER A Snapshot 22,280 Early Diagnosis is CRITICAL There are The Progression Of Ovarian Cancer Epithelial Germ Cell Stromal Cell new cases of ovarian cancer are expected in the US in 2016 90% 3 5% 5% main types of Ovarian Cancer... Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most aggressive form of gynecological cancer and is the fourth most common cause of female cancer death in developed countries. 1 in every 751 in every 75 women will develop ovarian cancer in their lifetime. Healthy Ovary Pelvic Discomfort Inherited Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes Obesityp53 Mutations Urinary Urgency Abdominal Swelling Menstrual Changes Localised Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Ovarian Cancer Ovarian cancer rates are highest in women aged Proteintech offers a wide range of antibodies for the study of ovarian cancer. Visit ptglab.com for the full list. Sources Some risk factors include... Jemal A, et al., Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011 Ovarian Cancer National Alliance: www.ovariancancer.org American Cancer Society: www.cancer.org/cancer/ ovariancancer