This document provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the human eye. It describes the external structures like the eyelids and tear film and their protective functions. The internal structures discussed include the cornea, iris, pupil, crystalline lens, vitreous humor, retina, choroid and sclera. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused on the retina by these structures. The document also discusses the role of photoreceptors, optic nerve and visual cortex in vision and color perception.
This document defines accommodation and its mechanisms in the eye. It discusses how the lens changes shape to maintain focus as an object's distance varies. It describes the types of accommodation including physical accommodation which is the ability of the lens to change shape measured in diopters, and physiological accommodation which is the ciliary muscle's ability to contract. The document outlines characteristics of accommodation like range and amplitude. It also discusses anomalies of accommodation such as excessive, insufficient, spasmic, and ill-sustained accommodation. Symptoms and treatments related to accommodation are provided.
Accommodation is the ability of the eye to focus on near objects by increasing the curvature of the lens. It occurs through contraction of the ciliary muscle which relaxes the suspensory ligaments, allowing the elastic lens to bulge and become more spherical. The range of accommodation is the distance between the near and far points, while the amplitude is the dioptric difference needed for focus. Presbyopia occurs due to weakening of the ciliary muscle with age, decreasing the near point. Treatment involves convex lenses to compensate. Other anomalies include diminished accommodation from aging, drugs, or pathology, as well as increased accommodation from spasm.
Accommodation reflex opthamalogy mbbs pptx slidesManikandan M
This document discusses accommodation and the accommodation reflex. It defines accommodation as the eye's ability to change focus on near or distant objects. It describes the near point and far point. It explains the light reflex and visual pathway for accommodation. It details the afferent and efferent pathways for the accommodation reflex when shifting gaze from distant to near objects. It classifies different anomalies of accommodation such as insufficiency, presbyopia, excess, and spasm. It provides examples and symptoms for each anomaly.
The document discusses the eye and vision. It explains that the lens inside the eye can change its curvature through the action of the ciliary muscles, allowing the eye to focus on near and far objects. This ability of the eye lens to change its focal length is called accommodation. The document also discusses the near and far points of vision, cataracts, and why humans have binocular vision with two eyes rather than just one.
The eye is an adaptive optical system with various elements that light passes through. It includes the cornea, anterior chamber, iris and pupil, crystalline lens, and retina. The cornea provides around 43 diopters of focusing power and has a curved meniscus shape. The anterior chamber contains aqueous humor. The iris and pupil regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The crystalline lens provides around 15-18 diopters of power and changes shape to focus on near and far objects. The retina is a light-sensitive concave surface that allows for a wide field of view.
This document discusses various options for treating presbyopia, including glasses, contact lenses, and surgical interventions. It provides details on:
- The prevalence of presbyopia and its impact.
- Accommodation anatomy and theories of how it works.
- Treatment options like monovision, LASIK, conductive keratoplasty, corneal inlays, and scleral/lens surgery.
- Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses, including multifocal and accommodating lens designs.
- Factors to consider for patients like expectations, alternatives, and selection criteria.
This document provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the human eye. It describes the external structures like the eyelids and tear film and their protective functions. The internal structures discussed include the cornea, iris, pupil, crystalline lens, vitreous humor, retina, choroid and sclera. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused on the retina by these structures. The document also discusses the role of photoreceptors, optic nerve and visual cortex in vision and color perception.
This document defines accommodation and its mechanisms in the eye. It discusses how the lens changes shape to maintain focus as an object's distance varies. It describes the types of accommodation including physical accommodation which is the ability of the lens to change shape measured in diopters, and physiological accommodation which is the ciliary muscle's ability to contract. The document outlines characteristics of accommodation like range and amplitude. It also discusses anomalies of accommodation such as excessive, insufficient, spasmic, and ill-sustained accommodation. Symptoms and treatments related to accommodation are provided.
Accommodation is the ability of the eye to focus on near objects by increasing the curvature of the lens. It occurs through contraction of the ciliary muscle which relaxes the suspensory ligaments, allowing the elastic lens to bulge and become more spherical. The range of accommodation is the distance between the near and far points, while the amplitude is the dioptric difference needed for focus. Presbyopia occurs due to weakening of the ciliary muscle with age, decreasing the near point. Treatment involves convex lenses to compensate. Other anomalies include diminished accommodation from aging, drugs, or pathology, as well as increased accommodation from spasm.
Accommodation reflex opthamalogy mbbs pptx slidesManikandan M
This document discusses accommodation and the accommodation reflex. It defines accommodation as the eye's ability to change focus on near or distant objects. It describes the near point and far point. It explains the light reflex and visual pathway for accommodation. It details the afferent and efferent pathways for the accommodation reflex when shifting gaze from distant to near objects. It classifies different anomalies of accommodation such as insufficiency, presbyopia, excess, and spasm. It provides examples and symptoms for each anomaly.
The document discusses the eye and vision. It explains that the lens inside the eye can change its curvature through the action of the ciliary muscles, allowing the eye to focus on near and far objects. This ability of the eye lens to change its focal length is called accommodation. The document also discusses the near and far points of vision, cataracts, and why humans have binocular vision with two eyes rather than just one.
The eye is an adaptive optical system with various elements that light passes through. It includes the cornea, anterior chamber, iris and pupil, crystalline lens, and retina. The cornea provides around 43 diopters of focusing power and has a curved meniscus shape. The anterior chamber contains aqueous humor. The iris and pupil regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The crystalline lens provides around 15-18 diopters of power and changes shape to focus on near and far objects. The retina is a light-sensitive concave surface that allows for a wide field of view.
This document discusses various options for treating presbyopia, including glasses, contact lenses, and surgical interventions. It provides details on:
- The prevalence of presbyopia and its impact.
- Accommodation anatomy and theories of how it works.
- Treatment options like monovision, LASIK, conductive keratoplasty, corneal inlays, and scleral/lens surgery.
- Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses, including multifocal and accommodating lens designs.
- Factors to consider for patients like expectations, alternatives, and selection criteria.
accommodation,reflexes,defects of visionmaryam pervaz
This document summarizes information about vision, including accommodation, reflexes, and pathologies. It discusses the mechanism of accommodation, pupillary reflexes like light reflex and accommodation reflex, errors of refraction like myopia and hypermetropia, and pathologies like glaucoma, cataracts, and color blindness. It provides details on the causes, symptoms, and treatments for various vision conditions in less than 3 sentences.
This document summarizes key aspects of ocular anatomy and strabismus. It describes the extraocular muscles, including their origins, insertions and actions. It discusses optimal positions for testing individual muscle function. It also covers concepts like versions, ductions, innervation patterns, adaptation mechanisms to avoid diplopia in strabismus, and tests used to evaluate binocularity and stereopsis.
Anatomical & physiological basis of visual acuityAcm CB
This document discusses the anatomical and physiological basis of visual acuity. It begins by defining visual acuity and describing its components and types. Anatomically, structures that contribute to visual acuity include the tear film, cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous, retina, and fovea. Physiologically, factors such as the Stiles-Crawford effect, miniature eye movements, retinal eccentricity, luminance, contrast, contour interaction, optical quality of the eye, visibility duration, and age influence visual acuity. The density of photoreceptors in the fovea allows for the highest visual acuity.
Chapter 14 The Human Eye Lesson 3 - The 2 Mechanisms of the Eye 1) Accommodat...j3di79
The document summarizes two key mechanisms of the eye: 1) the pupil reflex which controls the amount of light entering the eyes by enlarging or constricting the pupil in response to light intensity, and 2) accommodation, where the lens becomes more or less convex to focus on near or distant objects by contracting or relaxing the ciliary muscles. It also discusses stereoscopic vision and includes some optical illusions to demonstrate how perception is not always reality.
This document provides an overview of the optics of the human eye. It describes the main components of the eye, including the cornea, lens, iris, retina, and their functions. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused onto the retina through refraction by the cornea and lens. The document also defines and differentiates several common vision conditions, such as myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism. Accommodation through changing the shape of the lens allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances.
The document discusses various aspects of optics and accommodation in the human eye. It describes how the aqueous humour and vitreous humour help maintain shape and provide nutrition to the eyeball. It also discusses the different types of vision and how the refractive index causes light to bend as it passes through different substances like the eye. The document explains that the eye focuses light on the retina through refraction and uses the convex and concave properties of the lens. It defines refractive power and diopters and notes how accommodation allows the eye to change refractive power and focus on objects at different distances by altering the shape of the lens.
The document summarizes key optical structures and properties of the eye. It describes the cornea as having a convex shape that refracts light and protects the eye. It then discusses the aqueous humor, crystalline lens, and vitreous humor, noting their roles in refraction due to differences in density. Schematic and reduced eye models are presented, including cardinal points and refractive indices. Common refractive errors like myopia and hyperopia are also outlined.
This document discusses errors of refraction and accommodation. It defines key terms like diopter, focal length, real and virtual images. It describes different types of refractive errors like myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. It discusses causes, characteristics and management of these refractive errors. Accommodation and presbyopia are also explained. Different refractive surgery procedures for correction of refractive errors are outlined.
This document discusses retro-illumination techniques used during ophthalmic examinations. Retro-illumination involves illuminating the object of interest using light reflected from structures behind it. It can be used to assess the pupils and transparent ocular media, and to observe whether any opacities are obstructive, refractive, or refractile. Direct retro-illumination views the observed structure in the direct path of reflected light, while indirect retro-illumination views the structure against a dark background. Retro-illumination allows visualization of features like vascularization, edema, microcysts, and contact lens deposits.
This document describes various illumination techniques used with a slit lamp to examine different parts of the eye. It discusses diffuse, direct, tangential, and specular illumination techniques as well as indirect, retroillumination, and Van Herrick techniques. Each technique is used to illuminate a specific area of the eye in order to observe different structures like the cornea, iris, lens, anterior chamber angle, and detect any pathologies present. Proper illumination angles and magnifications are outlined for visualizing various eye tissues and evaluating properties like surface texture and integrity.
This document discusses gonioscopy, a clinical technique used to examine the anterior chamber angle. It defines gonioscopy and describes the purpose of performing it, which is to visualize important angle structures. Two main types are described - direct gonioscopy using specialized lenses, and indirect gonioscopy using gonioprisms and a slit lamp. Various lenses and prisms used for each type are outlined. The document also covers gonioscopy techniques, grading systems for angle width, common angle structures seen, and clinical uses of gonioscopy examinations.
This document discusses presbyopia and various options for correcting or managing it. It begins by explaining what presbyopia is and how it affects vision starting around age 40. It then describes several methods for correcting presbyopia including glasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, and intraocular lenses. It also discusses potential benefits and drawbacks of each method. Finally, it outlines some eye exercises recommended by William Bates in the early 20th century for potentially delaying or reducing the effects of presbyopia without glasses.
This document discusses accommodation, or the ability of the eye to focus on near objects. It defines accommodation and describes the three adjustments made: convergence of the eyeballs, constriction of the pupil, and an increase in the anterior curvature of the lens. The mechanism of accommodation involves the ciliary muscle contracting to relax the suspensory ligaments and allow the lens to become more spherical for focusing on near objects. The pathway for the accommodation reflex involves visual signals traveling from the retina to the visual cortex and frontal lobe, where efferent signals are sent to the ciliary muscle, sphincter pupillae, and medial rectus to enact the adjustments for accommodation. Presbyopia is described as the age-related loss
This document discusses various types of refractive errors of the eye, including myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Myopia occurs when light rays focus in front of the retina, causing distant objects to appear blurred. Hyperopia is the opposite, with light rays focusing behind the retina and near objects appearing blurred. Astigmatism causes different focal points for vertical and horizontal light rays. Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the eye loses its ability to focus on close objects. The document provides details on causes, symptoms, and corrections using lenses for each type of refractive error.
This document summarizes key differences between cow and human eyes. It discusses the external tissues, eye movements, cornea, refractive errors, corrective lenses, lasik surgery, iris, pupil, lens, accommodation, presbyopia, cataract, retina, color vision, optic nerve, blind spot, glaucoma, and causes of bloodshot eyes. Differences between men and women in terms of color vision deficiencies are also noted.
This document describes various methods of illumination used with a slit lamp to examine different parts of the eye. Diffuse illumination allows for a general survey of the eye while optic section, parallelepiped, and retroillumination techniques are used to view specific structures like the cornea, lens, and vitreous in more detail. Different angles of illumination like tangential, conical beam, and oscillatory help observe surface textures, cells in the aqueous humor, and lens opacities. Precise illumination techniques are crucial for comprehensive eye exams.
This document discusses the physiology of sight, including:
- Light travels at high speeds and is reflected into the eyes, where it is refracted through different densities in the eye to focus on the retina.
- The retina contains light-sensitive rods and cones that detect light and color and transmit signals through the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation.
- Accommodation allows the eye to focus on near and far objects through adjustments of the lens, pupil size, and eye convergence. Refraction, the lens, and dark adaptation help facilitate clear vision.
The document summarizes the refractive media of the eye, including the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous humor. It describes their refractive indices, roles in focusing light, and contributions to the eye's total refractive power. It also discusses accommodation and errors of refraction like myopia and hyperopia.
A compound microscope uses multiple lenses to magnify objects. It has two main optical parts: an objective lens closest to the specimen that produces a real, inverted intermediate image, and an eyepiece lens that further magnifies this image for viewing. Working together, the objective and eyepiece lenses can magnify objects up to 1000 times their actual size, allowing observation of fine structural details of cells, tissues, and organs that are not visible to the naked eye.
This document provides an overview of motivational interviewing (MI). It discusses key concepts in MI including developing motivation for change, the stages of change model, and strategies used in MI. The strategies focus on expressing empathy, developing discrepancy, avoiding argumentation, rolling with resistance, and supporting self-efficacy. MI is a collaborative, goal-oriented style of communication designed to strengthen personal motivation for change.
In this Presentation we learn about :-
1.What is Subjective Refraction.
2.Why we should relax the accommodation.
3.Outlines of Subjective Refraction.
4.Different Techniques or Instruments.
5.Determining Near Addition.
6.The Final Prescription.
7.References.
accommodation,reflexes,defects of visionmaryam pervaz
This document summarizes information about vision, including accommodation, reflexes, and pathologies. It discusses the mechanism of accommodation, pupillary reflexes like light reflex and accommodation reflex, errors of refraction like myopia and hypermetropia, and pathologies like glaucoma, cataracts, and color blindness. It provides details on the causes, symptoms, and treatments for various vision conditions in less than 3 sentences.
This document summarizes key aspects of ocular anatomy and strabismus. It describes the extraocular muscles, including their origins, insertions and actions. It discusses optimal positions for testing individual muscle function. It also covers concepts like versions, ductions, innervation patterns, adaptation mechanisms to avoid diplopia in strabismus, and tests used to evaluate binocularity and stereopsis.
Anatomical & physiological basis of visual acuityAcm CB
This document discusses the anatomical and physiological basis of visual acuity. It begins by defining visual acuity and describing its components and types. Anatomically, structures that contribute to visual acuity include the tear film, cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous, retina, and fovea. Physiologically, factors such as the Stiles-Crawford effect, miniature eye movements, retinal eccentricity, luminance, contrast, contour interaction, optical quality of the eye, visibility duration, and age influence visual acuity. The density of photoreceptors in the fovea allows for the highest visual acuity.
Chapter 14 The Human Eye Lesson 3 - The 2 Mechanisms of the Eye 1) Accommodat...j3di79
The document summarizes two key mechanisms of the eye: 1) the pupil reflex which controls the amount of light entering the eyes by enlarging or constricting the pupil in response to light intensity, and 2) accommodation, where the lens becomes more or less convex to focus on near or distant objects by contracting or relaxing the ciliary muscles. It also discusses stereoscopic vision and includes some optical illusions to demonstrate how perception is not always reality.
This document provides an overview of the optics of the human eye. It describes the main components of the eye, including the cornea, lens, iris, retina, and their functions. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused onto the retina through refraction by the cornea and lens. The document also defines and differentiates several common vision conditions, such as myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism. Accommodation through changing the shape of the lens allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances.
The document discusses various aspects of optics and accommodation in the human eye. It describes how the aqueous humour and vitreous humour help maintain shape and provide nutrition to the eyeball. It also discusses the different types of vision and how the refractive index causes light to bend as it passes through different substances like the eye. The document explains that the eye focuses light on the retina through refraction and uses the convex and concave properties of the lens. It defines refractive power and diopters and notes how accommodation allows the eye to change refractive power and focus on objects at different distances by altering the shape of the lens.
The document summarizes key optical structures and properties of the eye. It describes the cornea as having a convex shape that refracts light and protects the eye. It then discusses the aqueous humor, crystalline lens, and vitreous humor, noting their roles in refraction due to differences in density. Schematic and reduced eye models are presented, including cardinal points and refractive indices. Common refractive errors like myopia and hyperopia are also outlined.
This document discusses errors of refraction and accommodation. It defines key terms like diopter, focal length, real and virtual images. It describes different types of refractive errors like myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. It discusses causes, characteristics and management of these refractive errors. Accommodation and presbyopia are also explained. Different refractive surgery procedures for correction of refractive errors are outlined.
This document discusses retro-illumination techniques used during ophthalmic examinations. Retro-illumination involves illuminating the object of interest using light reflected from structures behind it. It can be used to assess the pupils and transparent ocular media, and to observe whether any opacities are obstructive, refractive, or refractile. Direct retro-illumination views the observed structure in the direct path of reflected light, while indirect retro-illumination views the structure against a dark background. Retro-illumination allows visualization of features like vascularization, edema, microcysts, and contact lens deposits.
This document describes various illumination techniques used with a slit lamp to examine different parts of the eye. It discusses diffuse, direct, tangential, and specular illumination techniques as well as indirect, retroillumination, and Van Herrick techniques. Each technique is used to illuminate a specific area of the eye in order to observe different structures like the cornea, iris, lens, anterior chamber angle, and detect any pathologies present. Proper illumination angles and magnifications are outlined for visualizing various eye tissues and evaluating properties like surface texture and integrity.
This document discusses gonioscopy, a clinical technique used to examine the anterior chamber angle. It defines gonioscopy and describes the purpose of performing it, which is to visualize important angle structures. Two main types are described - direct gonioscopy using specialized lenses, and indirect gonioscopy using gonioprisms and a slit lamp. Various lenses and prisms used for each type are outlined. The document also covers gonioscopy techniques, grading systems for angle width, common angle structures seen, and clinical uses of gonioscopy examinations.
This document discusses presbyopia and various options for correcting or managing it. It begins by explaining what presbyopia is and how it affects vision starting around age 40. It then describes several methods for correcting presbyopia including glasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, and intraocular lenses. It also discusses potential benefits and drawbacks of each method. Finally, it outlines some eye exercises recommended by William Bates in the early 20th century for potentially delaying or reducing the effects of presbyopia without glasses.
This document discusses accommodation, or the ability of the eye to focus on near objects. It defines accommodation and describes the three adjustments made: convergence of the eyeballs, constriction of the pupil, and an increase in the anterior curvature of the lens. The mechanism of accommodation involves the ciliary muscle contracting to relax the suspensory ligaments and allow the lens to become more spherical for focusing on near objects. The pathway for the accommodation reflex involves visual signals traveling from the retina to the visual cortex and frontal lobe, where efferent signals are sent to the ciliary muscle, sphincter pupillae, and medial rectus to enact the adjustments for accommodation. Presbyopia is described as the age-related loss
This document discusses various types of refractive errors of the eye, including myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Myopia occurs when light rays focus in front of the retina, causing distant objects to appear blurred. Hyperopia is the opposite, with light rays focusing behind the retina and near objects appearing blurred. Astigmatism causes different focal points for vertical and horizontal light rays. Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the eye loses its ability to focus on close objects. The document provides details on causes, symptoms, and corrections using lenses for each type of refractive error.
This document summarizes key differences between cow and human eyes. It discusses the external tissues, eye movements, cornea, refractive errors, corrective lenses, lasik surgery, iris, pupil, lens, accommodation, presbyopia, cataract, retina, color vision, optic nerve, blind spot, glaucoma, and causes of bloodshot eyes. Differences between men and women in terms of color vision deficiencies are also noted.
This document describes various methods of illumination used with a slit lamp to examine different parts of the eye. Diffuse illumination allows for a general survey of the eye while optic section, parallelepiped, and retroillumination techniques are used to view specific structures like the cornea, lens, and vitreous in more detail. Different angles of illumination like tangential, conical beam, and oscillatory help observe surface textures, cells in the aqueous humor, and lens opacities. Precise illumination techniques are crucial for comprehensive eye exams.
This document discusses the physiology of sight, including:
- Light travels at high speeds and is reflected into the eyes, where it is refracted through different densities in the eye to focus on the retina.
- The retina contains light-sensitive rods and cones that detect light and color and transmit signals through the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation.
- Accommodation allows the eye to focus on near and far objects through adjustments of the lens, pupil size, and eye convergence. Refraction, the lens, and dark adaptation help facilitate clear vision.
The document summarizes the refractive media of the eye, including the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous humor. It describes their refractive indices, roles in focusing light, and contributions to the eye's total refractive power. It also discusses accommodation and errors of refraction like myopia and hyperopia.
A compound microscope uses multiple lenses to magnify objects. It has two main optical parts: an objective lens closest to the specimen that produces a real, inverted intermediate image, and an eyepiece lens that further magnifies this image for viewing. Working together, the objective and eyepiece lenses can magnify objects up to 1000 times their actual size, allowing observation of fine structural details of cells, tissues, and organs that are not visible to the naked eye.
This document provides an overview of motivational interviewing (MI). It discusses key concepts in MI including developing motivation for change, the stages of change model, and strategies used in MI. The strategies focus on expressing empathy, developing discrepancy, avoiding argumentation, rolling with resistance, and supporting self-efficacy. MI is a collaborative, goal-oriented style of communication designed to strengthen personal motivation for change.
In this Presentation we learn about :-
1.What is Subjective Refraction.
2.Why we should relax the accommodation.
3.Outlines of Subjective Refraction.
4.Different Techniques or Instruments.
5.Determining Near Addition.
6.The Final Prescription.
7.References.
This document provides guidance on neonatal resuscitation for newborns. It discusses the initial steps of newborn care including warming, drying, stimulation and positioning. It describes how to perform positive pressure ventilation with a bag and mask if the newborn is not breathing or the heart rate is less than 100 beats per minute after initial steps. The document outlines best practices for endotracheal intubation and use of medications during resuscitation. It provides information on anticipating risk factors and preparing appropriately for possible resuscitation of newborns.
The document provides guidance for customer service representatives at Dial A Delivery. It outlines the company's focus on customer needs, including knowledgeable customer service, accurate order taking, clear communication, speedy delivery, and hot food. It describes best practices for call center associates such as using customers' names, repeating orders back, and following up on promises. The document also discusses challenges like difficult customers, accidents, and equipment breakdowns, providing guidance on empathetic and professional handling of such situations.
Definition Of The Accommodation
Mechanism Of Accommodation
Triggers Accommodation
Terms Of Accommodation
Accommodative Dysfunction
Spasm Of Accommodation
Accommodative Esotropia
Controlling Accommodation In Vision Test
Tips To Control Accommodation In Lifestyle
References
Clinical Procedures In Optometry By J.D. Bartlett, J.B. Eskridge, J.F. Amos
Theory And Practice Of Squint And Orthoptics By A.K.Khurana
Adler’s Physiology Of The Eye By L.A. Levin, S.F. Nilsson
Borish’s Clinical Refraction By W.J. Benjamin
Duke-elder’s Practice Of Refraction By David Abrams
Optics & Refraction By A.K.Khurana
Textbook Of Ophthalmology By E Ahmed
Clinical Optics By A R. Elkington, Werner L, Trindade F, Pereira F, Werner L
Physiology Of Accommodation And Presbyopia, ARQ. Bras. OFTALMOL, December 2000.
Optometry And Ophthalmology Websites
Kathryn Sosbe of the U.S. Department of Agriculture presented this training on writing and editing tips for the Federal Communicators Network event on storytelling on October 30, 2014. FCN makes better government writers and editors!
The document describes the six minute walk test (6MWT), which measures the distance that a patient can quickly walk over a total of 6 minutes. The 6MWT evaluates a patient's overall functional exercise capacity and is useful for assessing patients with cardiopulmonary diseases before and after treatment. It is a self-paced test that requires only a 100ft hallway and does not use complex equipment. The document outlines how to properly perform and score the 6MWT according to standardized procedures.
This document provides an overview study guide for a state certification exam for nursing care. It covers topics like the nursing care team roles, organizational structures for nursing care delivery, members of the healthcare team, therapies, gerontology terms, nursing chain of command, payment for healthcare, care plans, the nursing process, resident rights, observation and reporting, infection control, difficult behaviors, and more. Key terms are defined and procedures or tasks that are out of the scope of practice for nursing assistants are listed.
This document provides an overview study guide for a state certification exam for nursing care. It covers topics like the nursing care team roles, organizational structures for nursing care delivery, members of the healthcare team, therapies, gerontology terms, nursing chain of command, payment for healthcare, care plans, the nursing process, resident rights, observation and reporting, infection control, difficult behaviors, and more. Key terms are defined and procedures like handwashing are explained. Outlines are provided for nursing home organizational charts and the stages of acute, chronic, and terminal illness.
Anorectal Malformation for BSc Nursing/PB BSc Nursinggautamicharingia
Anorectal Malformation, in which you will learn about its types, incidence, causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, associated abnormalities, diagnostic evaluation, surgical and nursing management. It also includes anal dilation, colostomy care and family education.
In September 2016, my greyhound, Cash, was diagnosed with osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone cancer. In April 2017, Dr. Brian Flesner, the lead clinical trial veterinarian at the University of Missouri - Columbia, discussed the clinical trial at a Skeptical Society of St. Louis event. I followed his discussion with this presentation about what it is like to be involved in a veterinary clinical trial. Dr. Flesner encouraged my husband and I to share this presentation because there is so little information from the owner's perspective available on the internet.
Contact lenses can be prescribed for elderly patients to correct vision and rehabilitate the cornea, but their success is often limited by age-related physiological changes like dry eye, decreased manual dexterity, and high refractive error. A thorough assessment of anatomical, refractive, corneal, tear film, lid, and visual factors is important prior to fitting to increase the likelihood of success. Specialty lenses, careful handling, and family support may help elderly patients wear contacts.
This document summarizes a presentation on palliative care and code status discussions. It begins with objectives to introduce palliative care at the hospital and improve comfort discussing code status. It defines palliative care and common misconceptions. Data is presented showing benefits of palliative care like improved quality of life. The document then discusses code status, presenting survival rates for CPR, which are quite low especially for older patients. It provides guidance on having informed code status discussions that address patient goals, expectations and alternatives. Resources for these important conversations are also listed.
The document discusses the treatment of cervical dysplasias and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). It states that treatment based solely on cytology or colposcopy findings can lead to incorrect diagnoses. For mild dysplasia/CIN1, follow up is usually sufficient as it often resolves on its own. For moderate to severe dysplasias (CIN2/3), local destructive methods like cryotherapy or excisional methods like LEEP are recommended. Conservative treatments are only advised if the entire lesion is visible and there is no invasion. The document also discusses vaccination as a preventive measure against HPV, which causes most cervical cancers.
A CUSTOMER IS THE MOST IMPORTANT VISITOR ON OUR PREMISES. HE IS NOT DEPENDENT ON US. WE ARE DEPENDENT ON HIM. HE IS NOT AN INTERRUPTION IN OUR WORK. HE IS THE PURPOSE OF IT. HE IS NOT AN OUTSIDER IN OUR BUSINESS. HE IS PART OF IT. WE ARE NOT DOING HIM A FAVOR. HE IS DOING US A FAVOR BY GIVING US AN OPPORTUNITY TO DO SO.
This document outlines skills and procedures for general surgery, genitourinary surgery, vascular surgery, and communication skills. It includes lists of surgical procedures, steps in operations, and components of communication such as obtaining informed consent and breaking bad news. The document provides guidance on history taking, explaining diagnoses and treatments, discussing risks and alternatives, and assessing a patient's understanding of medical information.
Field coaching involves teaching job-related skills through demonstration by a supervisor under field conditions. A good coach has expertise, creates a positive learning environment without threats, coaches regularly, listens well, gives honest feedback, leads by example, uses "we" not "I", and has a sense of humor. Effective coaching splits field work into observation, coaching, and feedback days. Coaching focuses on skills and provides reinforcement or neutral comments for improvement.
Group health and group personal accident insurance policy presentationAshfaqM6
This document summarizes the key features of a group medical insurance and group personal accident policy for corporate employees. The medical insurance provides coverage for indoor treatment, day care procedures, domiciliary hospitalization expenses and more. It covers self, spouse, children up to age 23, dependent parents/in-laws and siblings. There is no upper age limit for self and parents. Options are available to waive pre-existing diseases waiting periods and increase room rent coverage. The personal accident policy provides compensation for death, permanent disability or loss of limbs in accidents worldwide. Benefits include education funds, ambulance charges and loss of employment coverage.
The document defines anaphylaxis as a severe, life-threatening generalized hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and involves airway, breathing, or circulatory problems along with skin and mucosal changes. It causes include foods, insects, medications, and latex. Fatal reactions typically cause respiratory arrest within 30-35 minutes for foods, collapse within 10-15 minutes for insect stings, and death within 5 minutes for intravenous medications. Symptoms involve various organ systems and progress rapidly. Treatment involves epinephrine, oxygen, fluids, antihistamines, steroids, and positioning the patient depending on their symptoms.
This document provides information on pulse oximetry. Pulse oximetry is used to measure the oxygen saturation level of a patient's blood. It works by passing light through translucent areas of the body, such as the finger, and measuring how much light is absorbed by oxygenated versus deoxygenated hemoglobin. Normal oxygen saturation is 95-100%. Readings below 95% indicate hypoxemia. Pulse oximetry can be used on the finger, toe, earlobe, forehead, or palm and is useful for monitoring patients' oxygen levels. Factors like nail polish, low blood flow, or movement can interfere with readings.
Similar to Refraction procedure by JAINULL ABEDIN OPTOMETRIST ODISHA (20)
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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2. LET’S START WITH SOME OUTSOURCING
KNOWLEDGE
• MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE ON A RESPONSIBLE CHAIR.
• YOU ARE TALKING TO SOMEONE WHO CAME TO YOU ON RESPECT
WITH SOME OCULAR PROBLEMS / SUGGESTION
• IT’S YOUR CHOICE WHETHER YOU TREAT YOUR PATIENT AS AN
OPTOMETRIST OR AS A TECHNICIAN, WHICH DEPENDS UPON THE
WAY OF YOUR CONVERSATION.
• EVERY STEP OF YOUR CONVERSATION SHOULD BE FOLLOWED WITH
ALL CONFIDENCE.
• FINALLY A STRONG AND STRICT RULE THAT YOU SHOULD NEVER
FORGET THAT YOU ARE PROFESSIONAL AND BEHAVE LIKE A
3. INTRODUCTION
• REFRACTION IS A COMMON CHOICE FOR ALL PATIENTS IN ALL AGE
RELATED TO VISION.
• AN EYE CARE PRACTITIONER DECIDE THE NEED OF AN INDIVIDUAL
FOR A IDEAL LENS PRESCRIPTION BY A CLINICAL JUDGEMENT.
• IT’S A COMBINATION OF SKILLS AND EXPERIENCE TO EXAMINE THE
EYE WITH A SUITABLE CORRECTION SO THAT ONE CAN PERFORM
HIS VISUAL TASKS.
• REFRACTION IS DONE WITH THE HELP OF A TRAIL SET (
CONTAINING VARIETIES OF LENSES ), VISUAL ACUITY TEST CHART
AND SOME OTHER EQUIPMENT IN A CLINICAL SETUP.
4. TIPS TO REMEMBER
• DISTANCE OF PATIENT TO THE VISION CHART SHOULD BE 20FT
/6MTR
• VISION CHART SHOULD BE WELL ILLUMINATED
• VISION CHART SHOULD BE PARALLEL TO THE EYES OF PATIENT
• ALLOW THE PATIENT TO SIT COMFORTABLE AND BE COMFORTABLE
WITH YOU
• CONFIRMED THE PATIENT LITERACY FOR YOUR COOPERATION
• ILLUMINATION OF ROOM TO AVOID CONFUSION ON
ACCOMMODATIVE CONDITIONS
• START WITH POLITENESS AND PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE
5. STEP‘S
1. HISTORY TAKING
2. TORCH LIGHT EXAMINATION
3. OCULAR MOVEMENT
4. VISUAL ACUITY TEST
5. CONTROLLING ACCOMMODATIVE EFFORTS
6. REFRACTION MONOCULAR FOR DISTANCE
7. BINOCULAR BALANCING
8. NEAR ADDITION
9. PRESCRIPTION WRITING
10. ADVICE
6. HISTORY TAKING
• THE PROCESS OF REFRACTION STARTS WITH A CLEAR CONSIDERABLE CASE HISTORY
• THIS HELPS YOU TO UNDERSTAND THE PATIENT AND CREATE A RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN YOU AND THE PATIENT.
• IT ALSO HELPS YOU TO RULE OUT THE DIAGNOSIS PROCESS.
• IT HELPS TO GET THE REASON OF VISIT (WHETHER CAME FOR ROUTINE CHECK UP /
HAD ANY SPECIFIC REASON )
• EACH COMPLAINT SHOULD BE ASKED WITH IT’S DURATION, SEVERITY AND
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS. ( DM, HT, THYROID, CHOLESTEROL, FAMILY HISTORY OF
CATARACT, GLAUCOMA OR BLINDNESS ETC. )
• ASK THE PATIENT VISUAL NEEDS WITH RESPECT TO HIS/HER HOBBIES AND OTHER
ACTIVITIES
• IF THE PATIENT IS USING EYEGLASSES THEN ASK THE DURATION OF LAST
7. HISTORY TAKING OF PAEDIATRICS
BIRTH HISTORY OF CHILDREN IS VERY MUCH ESSENTIAL FOR
DIAGNOSIS
• BIRTH WEEK OR AGE OF GESTATION
• COMPLICATIONS AT THE TIME OF BIRTH
• TYPE OF DELIVERY ( NORMAL OR C- SECTION )
• BIRTH WEIGHT
• ANY HOSPITALIZATION OF BABY POST BIRTH
• FAMILY HISTORY OF PARENTS
• ANY DELAYED DEVELOPMENT OF CHILD OR DISABILITY
• ANY PREVENTIVE TAKEN TO AVOID CONCEIVE OF GESTATION
8. TORCH LIGHTS EXAMINATION
ONLY TO SEE THE ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF EYE
• FIND OUT IF THERE WAS ANY REDNESS, SWELLING OR CONTAMINATION ETC. AND
THE REASON
• ANY VISIBLE FOREIGN BODIES
• PUPIL REACTION , SIZE AND LOCATION
• ANTERIOR CHAMBER DEPTH ( TO FIND ANY ANGLE CLOSED GLAUCOMA ) BY
PLACING THE LIGHT TEMPORARILY AND GRADING THE SHADOW
• CORNEAL REFLEX, SIZE, OPACITY OR ANY SIGNS OF KERATOCONUS
• TROPIA OR PHORIA BY COVER UNCOVERE OR ALTERNATIVE COVER TECHNIQUES
• LENS OPACITY OR ANY SIGNS OF CATARACT
• TO CHECK RAPD BY SWINGING THE LIGHT AND OBSERVING THE OPPOSITE PUPIL
REACTION
9. EOM ( EXTRAOCULAR MOVEMENT )
OBSERVES THE MOVEMENT OF THE EYES IN ALL GAZES AND
DIRECTIONS
• SIT IN FRONT OF PATIENT EYES HORIZONTALLY BY HOLDING A PEN TORCH OR ANY
FIXATION TARGET.
• MAKE SURE THAT YOUR PATIENT HEAD POSITION IS NORMAL
• ASK THE PATIENT TO FOLLOW THE LIGHT / TARGET BY ROTATING THE EYE TO THE
RESPECTIVE SIDE WITHOUT MOVING THE HEAD
• ASK YOUR PATIENT TO INFORM YOU ABOUT ANY DOUBLE VISION, WHICH SHOULD BE RULE
OUT BY DIFFERENT METHODS.
• MOVE THE TARGET SLOWLY SLOWLY TO ALL THE DIRECTIONS TO FIND OUT THE
RESTRICTIONS OR OVER ACTIONS OF OCULAR MUSCLES
• YOU CAN ALSO DIAGNOSE YOUR PATIENT LESIONS IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM /
BRAIN IF YOU FIND THE EXACT NERVE PALSY OF THE RESPECTIVE MUSCLES MOVEMENT /
10. VISUAL ACUITY TEST
CLARITY OF VISION WHICH DEPENDS ON OPTICAL AND NEURAL FACTORS
• VISUAL ACUITY IS TO BE TESTED AT A DISTANCE OF 20FT / 6MTR IN A WELL
ILLUMINATED ROOM AND VISION CHART, BY COVERING ONE EYE / MONOCULAR .
• ASK THE PATIENT TO READ THE LETTERS FROM TOP TO BOTTOM IN THE RESPECTIVE
VISION CHART.
• IF THE PATIENT ABLE TO READ THE TOP LETTER AND FOLLOWED THE INSTRUCTIONS BY
READING NEXT ROW LETTERS LIKEWISE THEN RECORD THE VISUAL ACUITY OF THE
PATIENT LAST READABLE LINE WHETHER IT WAS COMPLETE OR PARTIAL ( MAYBE
6/60,36,24,18,12,9,6P )
• IF THE PATIENT COULD NOT ABLE TO READ THE TOP LETTER THEN, ASK THE PATIENT
TO COUNT THE FINGER OF YOUR HAND WHICH SHOULD BE SHOWN 6 MTR / 20 FT
DISTANCE BY GETTING CLOSER TO THE PATIENT AND RECORD THE PATIENT VISUAL
ACUITY WHERE HE/SHE ABLE TO COUNT THE FINGER COMFORTABLY ( MAYBE
5,4,3,2,1/60 OR CFCF OR PL+ )
• IF CFCF THEN RECORD THIS AS VA IF PL+ THEN GO FOR PR BY PROJECTING RAY FROM
11. CONTROLLING ACCOMMODATIVE EFFORTS
• AS CONCERNED ABOUT MYSELF I THINK THAT IN WHOLE REFRACTION PROCEDURE THE
ROLE OF ACCOMMODATION IS MUCH MORE IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND, IF FAILED
THEN I AM SURE YOU ARE GOING WITH WRONG PRESCRIPTION.
• SO BEFORE UNDERSTANDING THE SAME WE NEED TO DISCUSS SLIGHTLY ABOUT
ACCOMMODATION.
1. ACCOMMODATION IS AN ABILITY OF EYE TO ADJUST ITS OPTICAL POWER IN ORDER TO
ACHIEVE CLARITY OF VISION ALONG THE VARIABLE DISTANCE
2. WE ALL KNOW THAT IN EVERY REFRACTIVE ERROR WE MENTION ( WHILE THE
ACCOMMODATION IS AT REST) IF WE CAN UNDERSTAND WHY THE ACCOMMODATION
WILL BE ON REST TO DEFINE THE REFRACTIVE ERROR THEN WE HAVE DONE
3. SO IF WE FIND THE EXACT REASON FOR WHAT WE NEED THE ACCOMMODATION SHOULD
BE ON REST WE WILL NEED TO GO AHEAD WITH REFRACTION IF NOT THEN IT’S
NECESSARY TO MAKE SURE ABOUT
4. ONCE WE ARE ABLE TO CONTROLLED THE ACCOMMODATION THEN WE ARE THE BEST🙂
OTHERWISE WE COULD BE BEST 🙂
13. BINOCULAR BALANCING
BASICALLY THERE ARE 2 COMMON METHOD FOR BINOCULAR BALANCING AS I
KNOW 🙂
BLUR TEST AND PRISM DISSOCIATION
THE FINAL STEP OF SUBJECTIVE REFRACTION IN WHICH WE NEED TO BALANCE THE
SPHERICAL POWER ALONG WITH ACCOMMODATIVE EFFORTS IN ORDER TO AVOID
ASTHENOPIC SYMPTOM WHICH OCCURRED DUE TO IMBALANCES RETINAL IMAGE
KEEP IN MIND THAT IN THIS PROCESS WE WILL NOT FOCUS ON VA BUT WE NEED TO BALANCE
THE STATE OF ACCOMMODATIVE EFFORT OF 2🙂
LIMITATION OF BINOCULAR BALANCING IS AMBLYOPIA, THAT MEANS BOTH EYE BCVA
SHOULD BE EQUAL
SO PROCEEDING WITH BLUR TEST
14. BLUR TEST
• START WITH BEST CORRECTED MONOCULAR VISUAL ACUITY WITH BOTH EYES OPEN
• INSTRUCT THE PATIENT ABOUT THE TARGET LINE ACCORDING TO HIS VA BY PLACING
+1D SPHERE
• DO ALTERNATE OCCLUSION WHILE THE PATIENT OBSERVING THE SNELLEN CHART
• ASK THE PATIENT IF THE LETTERS ARE CLEARER THAN OTHER EYE
• IF THE IMAGES ARE EQUALLY CLEAR, THE BALANCE IS CORRECT AND NO FURTHER
ADJUSTMENT OF LENS POWER IS NECESSARY
• IF THE PATIENT NOTICES A DIFFERENCE IN CLARITY , LET THE PATIENT IDENTIFY WHICH
EYE POSSESSES THE CLEARER IMAGE
• ONCE THE EYE WITH THE CLEARER IMAGE HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED, THEN WE HAVE 2
OPTIONS
ADD PLUS SPHERE IN +0.25DS STEPS BEFORE THE BETTER EYE TO ACHIEVE EQUALLY POOR VISION IN BOTH
EYE.ADD MINUS SPHERE IN -0.25DS BEFORE WITH THE POORER VA IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE EQUALLY SHARP IMAGE
IN BOTH EYE.
# COVER PADDLE SHOULD BE REMOVED QUICKLY.
15. PRISM DISSOCIATION
FOLLOW UP THE TOTAL PROCESS OF BLURRING TEST, THE ONLY THING IS THAT YOU NEED
TO PUT 5D IN BASE UP AND DOWN DIRECTION IN EITHER EYE INSTEAD OF +1D SPH
NEAR ADDITION
• AS WE ALL KNOW THAT THE ADDITION POWER IS ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF NEAR WORK
• SO BEFORE GIVING THE ADDITION KINDLY GET UPDATE WITH THE NEAR WORKING
DISTANCE OF YOUR PATIENT
• NEVER GO WITH THE AGING ADDITION
• AFTER PUTTING THE ADDITION POWER ASK YOUR PATIENT TO CHECK THE READING
ABILITY WITH VARIABLE DISTANCE
16. DUOCHROME
• START WITH BEST CORRECTED MONOCULAR VA TRAIL LENS IN TRIAL FRAME
• LET THE PATIENT ASSUME WHETHER RED OR GREEN BAR SEEM TO BE MORE CLEAR
• IF RED OR GREEN PREFERENCE IS EQUAL THEN NO ADJUSTMENT WILL BE NEEDED
• IF NOT THEN THE SPHERE BEFORE THE OBSERVING EYE IS THEN ADJUSTED TO GIVE EQUAL
RED PREFERENCE OR EQUAL GREEN PREFERENCE AS FELT APPROPRIATE
END POINT
• THE TARGET LETTER SHOULD BE 20/20 OR BCVA
• ADD +0.25DS IN FRONT OF BOTH EYES AND ASK FOR ANY DIFFERENCE IN CLARITY
• THE SAME QUESTION SHOULD BE ASKED FOR THE 2ND AND 3RD TIME AFTER ADDING
+0.25DS EACH TIME
• EXPECTED RESPONSESLIGHTLY BLURRED, BADLY BLURRED OR BLURRED OUT
• SOME UNEXPECTED RESPONSE - STILL READABLE"
• RESULT - PATIENT ACCOMODATION WAS NOT COMPLETELY RELAXED DURING
SUBJECTIVE RESPONSE UNTIL COMPLETE CYCLOPLEGIC
17. CONGRATULATION WE HAD COMPLETED OUR REFRACTION WITH
ALL GOOD
NOW IT’S OUR TURN
• BEFORE WRITING THE PRESCRIPTION YOU NEED TO DOUBLE CHECK YOUR POWER
• DON’T BE IN HURRY OTHERWISE YOU CAN MAKE A MISTAKE ON WRITING A
PRESCRIPTION
• WRITE THE PRESCRIPTION IN GOOD HANDWRITING SO THAT EVERYONE CAN
UNDERSTAND
• THERE ARE COMMONLY 2 TYPES OF PRESCRIPTIONS FOR BIFOCAL, ONE IS DIRECTLY
FOR NEAR ANOTHER IS FOR ONLY NEAR ADDITION , THIS IS THE MOST COMMON
MISTAKE OF ALL WHICH I HAD NOTICED IN MY PAST.
PRESCRIPTION WRITING
18. ADVICE
• PATIENT SATISFACTION WILL BE OUR THUMB RULE IF WE NEED TO MAKE NAME AND FAME
• ONCE YOU GET IT DONE THEN YOU DON’T NEED TO RUN YOU ONLY NEED TO WALK LIKE
ELEPHANT
• NEVER TRY TO CHEAT YOUR PROFESSION BY CHEATING ANYONE UNPROFESSIONALLY
• IF YOU ARE REFERRING YOUR PATIENT TO SOMEWHERE, KINDLY FOLLOW UP THE PATIENT
BY ASKING ABOUT THE EXPERIENCE OF THAT REFERRAL CENTER, IT WILL HELP YOU TO
UNDERSTAND YOUR COOPERATION WITH THE REFERRAL CENTER
• LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST = BE PROFESSIONAL, LOOK PROFESSIONAL, WELL DRESSED, WELL
GROOMED, SWEET TALKING ATTITUDE ……….. 🙂🙂🙂
19. DON’T FORGET THAT YOU ARE AN
OPTOMETRIST
DON’T TRY TO BE A DOCTOR NOR A
TECHNICIAN
THANKS WITH
REGARDS JAINULL
ABEDIN
OPTOMETRIST