The comparative study of recycled aggregate and natural aggregate also the comparison between recycled aggregate concrete(RAC) and Natural aggregate concrete(NAC) in various aspects.
The largest-volume of recycled material used as construction aggregate is blast furnace and steel furnace slag. Blast furnace slag is either air-cooled (slow cooling in the open) or granulated (formed by quenching molten slag in water to form sand-sized glass-like particles). If the granulated blast furnace slag accesses free lime during hydration, it develops strong hydraulic cementitious properties and can partly substitute for portland cement in concrete. Steel furnace slag is also air-cooled. In 2006, according to the USGS, air-cooled blast furnace slag sold or used in the U.S. was 7.3 million tonnes valued at $49 million, granulated blast furnace slag sold or used in the U.S. was 4.2 million tonnes valued at $318 million, and steel furnace slag sold or used in the U.S. was 8.7 million tonnes valued at $40 million. Air-cooled blast furnace slag sales in 2006 were for use in road bases and surfaces (41%), asphaltic concrete (13%), ready-mixed concrete (16%), and the balance for other uses. Granulated blast furnace slag sales in 2006 were for use in cementitious materials (94%), and the balance for other uses. Steel furnace slag sales in 2006 were for use in road bases and surfaces (51%), asphaltic concrete (12%), for fill (18%), and the balance for other uses
The comparative study of recycled aggregate and natural aggregate also the comparison between recycled aggregate concrete(RAC) and Natural aggregate concrete(NAC) in various aspects.
The largest-volume of recycled material used as construction aggregate is blast furnace and steel furnace slag. Blast furnace slag is either air-cooled (slow cooling in the open) or granulated (formed by quenching molten slag in water to form sand-sized glass-like particles). If the granulated blast furnace slag accesses free lime during hydration, it develops strong hydraulic cementitious properties and can partly substitute for portland cement in concrete. Steel furnace slag is also air-cooled. In 2006, according to the USGS, air-cooled blast furnace slag sold or used in the U.S. was 7.3 million tonnes valued at $49 million, granulated blast furnace slag sold or used in the U.S. was 4.2 million tonnes valued at $318 million, and steel furnace slag sold or used in the U.S. was 8.7 million tonnes valued at $40 million. Air-cooled blast furnace slag sales in 2006 were for use in road bases and surfaces (41%), asphaltic concrete (13%), ready-mixed concrete (16%), and the balance for other uses. Granulated blast furnace slag sales in 2006 were for use in cementitious materials (94%), and the balance for other uses. Steel furnace slag sales in 2006 were for use in road bases and surfaces (51%), asphaltic concrete (12%), for fill (18%), and the balance for other uses
This presentation gives a brief introduction on FRC's history, definition and why is it used. Types of FRC's and it's applications is explained in detail in later stages.Also, it covers various properties that affects FRC and a Case study in end.
Concrete is a major waste in construction Industry. It needs to be recycled to make a waste free environment. So how concrete is recycled, which type of concrete can be recycled, where it can be used is mentioned in this ppt.
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTECERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETELokeshShirbhate2
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTECERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETE.
This Presentation is Describe the behavior of concrete after the use of Ceramic tiles in concrete as a replacement of coarse Aggregate.
Recycled aggregate concrete is a new way for a sustainable development in the field of construction technology. In order to conserve our resources as well as using them wisely is very vital to deaccelerate our resource consumption rate.
Recycled aggregate proves to be one of best solution to construction industry when used with taken care.
Hi viewers, I am back with the various concepts of TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE for civil engineers.
Here, i explained few topics
What is a concrete? Classification based o state of concrete? and various tests?
MEANING OF MIX DESIGN
GRADE OF CONCRETE.
FACTORS INFLUCING THE CHOICE OF MIX DESIGN.
MATHODS OF CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
MIX DESIGN BY INDIAN STANDARD METHOD.
green concrete preparation and techniques used in manufacturing of green concrete and uses and applications and proportions ratios as explained briefly to the civil engineering field
The concrete which is made from the industrial wastes and eco-friendly is the green concrete.Green will reduce 10% of CO2 emission which will reduce the global warming, which is one of the reason for world's destruction.Since it is made from the industrial wastes it is very cheap and durable.
Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a modern Technology in the field of civil engineering, this ppt gives the overall view about the FRC, Uses of FRC in simplest way.
Construction and demolition waste recyclingAnand Vallala
Now a days as the construction is increasing the demolition waste from the buildings is also increasing. We have to increase the usage of waste materials and to help for the future generation.
Construction activities generate millions of tonnes of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste materials each year. These materials contain a lot of reusable materials. If not properly managed, they will become wastes, a burden to the society, which will be extremely expensive to handle and will occupy precious landfill space.
Now even for small projects it has been made mandatory to use Ready mix concrete or compulsory use of Batching plant. However, except for large projects and some industrial projects, Demolition of structures is not yet mechanised. This waste is also affects the air, noise pollution in the form of releasing dust and noise respectively.
Recycling can turn the waste materials into usable products, which can help conserve our natural resources for our next generations and for the sustainable development of the society. In the recent years, C&D waste management issues have attracted the attention from researches around the world.
The ultimate aim is to create the awareness among the Civil Engineers is to do the research on this topic and to reuse these materials.
Main points of this PPT:
• An overview of the concept on Waste management.
• Brief description on “Recycled Concrete Aggregates”.
• Waste reduction and Reuse.
• Demolition techniques.
• Use of proper Waste Management plan.
This presentation gives a brief introduction on FRC's history, definition and why is it used. Types of FRC's and it's applications is explained in detail in later stages.Also, it covers various properties that affects FRC and a Case study in end.
Concrete is a major waste in construction Industry. It needs to be recycled to make a waste free environment. So how concrete is recycled, which type of concrete can be recycled, where it can be used is mentioned in this ppt.
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTECERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETELokeshShirbhate2
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTECERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETE.
This Presentation is Describe the behavior of concrete after the use of Ceramic tiles in concrete as a replacement of coarse Aggregate.
Recycled aggregate concrete is a new way for a sustainable development in the field of construction technology. In order to conserve our resources as well as using them wisely is very vital to deaccelerate our resource consumption rate.
Recycled aggregate proves to be one of best solution to construction industry when used with taken care.
Hi viewers, I am back with the various concepts of TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE for civil engineers.
Here, i explained few topics
What is a concrete? Classification based o state of concrete? and various tests?
MEANING OF MIX DESIGN
GRADE OF CONCRETE.
FACTORS INFLUCING THE CHOICE OF MIX DESIGN.
MATHODS OF CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
MIX DESIGN BY INDIAN STANDARD METHOD.
green concrete preparation and techniques used in manufacturing of green concrete and uses and applications and proportions ratios as explained briefly to the civil engineering field
The concrete which is made from the industrial wastes and eco-friendly is the green concrete.Green will reduce 10% of CO2 emission which will reduce the global warming, which is one of the reason for world's destruction.Since it is made from the industrial wastes it is very cheap and durable.
Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a modern Technology in the field of civil engineering, this ppt gives the overall view about the FRC, Uses of FRC in simplest way.
Construction and demolition waste recyclingAnand Vallala
Now a days as the construction is increasing the demolition waste from the buildings is also increasing. We have to increase the usage of waste materials and to help for the future generation.
Construction activities generate millions of tonnes of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste materials each year. These materials contain a lot of reusable materials. If not properly managed, they will become wastes, a burden to the society, which will be extremely expensive to handle and will occupy precious landfill space.
Now even for small projects it has been made mandatory to use Ready mix concrete or compulsory use of Batching plant. However, except for large projects and some industrial projects, Demolition of structures is not yet mechanised. This waste is also affects the air, noise pollution in the form of releasing dust and noise respectively.
Recycling can turn the waste materials into usable products, which can help conserve our natural resources for our next generations and for the sustainable development of the society. In the recent years, C&D waste management issues have attracted the attention from researches around the world.
The ultimate aim is to create the awareness among the Civil Engineers is to do the research on this topic and to reuse these materials.
Main points of this PPT:
• An overview of the concept on Waste management.
• Brief description on “Recycled Concrete Aggregates”.
• Waste reduction and Reuse.
• Demolition techniques.
• Use of proper Waste Management plan.
Concrete is one of the most versatile materials used in infrastructural development. It plays a critical role in in construction industry and making it sustainable is of paramount importance. How do we do it? Let us look here!!
To Study Characterstic Behaviour of Recycled Concrete Aggregateijtsrd
Near about 30 of concrete is produce by concrete industry and it is calculated that in a year 165 million tonnes of concrete is used. Hence, to produce other total sources that are based on waste products, there are many significant incentives. Recycling products are used to produce aggregate Martials for unbound fills, pipe bidding and sub base as the RCA "Recycled Concrete Aggregate" or RCA is not suitable for concrete that is ready to mix because it is blended with another products. Many sites did trials with RCA that mix with ready mix concrete but it was not useful choice. Utilities organizations produce brick, containing stone, clay, Trench arising, asphalt, and concrete but that could be merged in low power concrete which were a cost effective trench product. IN trench reinstatement from RCA formed concrete is used that has 4mm fines and in formed concrete, it has ability to use burner bottom ash. BS 8500 concrete improved the potential for recycling as BS EN 12620. Presently recycled products for concrete is not available but it is a hope that they will be used in future. Nitin Jain | Ashish Verma "To Study Characterstic Behaviour of Recycled Concrete Aggregate" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29348.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/29348/to-study-characterstic-behaviour-of-recycled-concrete-aggregate/nitin-jain
Development of Recycled Aggregates In The Implementation ofthe Concrete:Liter...IJERA Editor
Civil engineering is rapidly evolving with the natural, political and environmental development. Due to
a shortage of natural resources, to sustainable development and environmental certificationsrequirements,
recycling of aggregates is increasingly valued.Research is done everywhere in the world (in 2016, more
than a hundred doctoral subjects were proposed in this sense) in order to normalize the use of recycled aggregates,
specify the domain and restrictionsof using concrete constructions design protocols based on recycled
aggregates.Since the 80s, researches are based on the type of the recycled (concrete aggregates,
remains aggregates , glass, rubbers…) and the percentage of it compared to natural aggregates to
study the influence on the basic characteristics of concrete..
The main characteristics studied are the porosity of the concrete, the tensile strength and the compressive
strength. In comparison with natural aggregates, concrete based on recycled aggregates has
lower resistance values of approximately 20% but has better thermal characteristics than about 5% .These
characteristics are basic for the dimensioning especially of the carrier elements so they are demanding
bettertechnical and experimental studies to determine the optimum proportion of recycled aggregates for use in
the preparation of concrete.
In Morocco, recycled aggregates, does not have any specific standards, and is used mainly in roads
and pavements construction. Even if it’s not normalized this use is not recent, in 1999 during the rehabilitation
of the expressway road from Casablanca which was severely damaged on both channels,
the authorities have opted for the reuse of aggregates instead of reloading the existing pavement with
a new one.
The chosen alternative combinesthe replacement of existing material by a bituminous mixture and a
cold instead reprocessing depending of differences of damage and requirement on the structural capacity for
slow and fast lanes.This paper, part of my doctoral research, discusses different aspects of the problem beginning
with a brief description of the advantages of recycling in all of the levels: social, economic… and a review
of the international and national standards in terms of construction and demolition waste generated, recycled
aggregates producedand their utilization in concrete. It also gives a benchmarking of the engineering properties
of recycled aggregates and concludes by proposing some market opportunities and development paths and potential
uses of recycled aggregates
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
1. GUIDED BY :-
HOD
SREEJITH K BABU
CIVIL ENGINEERING
MGM POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
BY :-
GOKUL KRISHNA G
ROLL NO :- 09
S 5 CIVIL ENGINEERING
MGM POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE 01
2. ➢ What is Recycled Aggregate?
➢ Characteristics of RAC
➢ Classification
➢ Processing of RAC
➢ Production of RAC
➢ Use of RAC
➢ Application
➢ Benefits
➢ Conclusion
➢ REFERENCE
CONTENT
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
02
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
3. ➢ To achieve sustainable issue in construction area, researchers and companies
focus on using waste concrete as a new construction material. It is called
recycled aggregate which can be produced by concrete Crusher.
➢ The aggregates are categorized by size as coarse and fine aggregate.
➢ The characteristic of recycled aggregates could be different by its parent
concrete because the parent concrete was designed for its purposes such as
permeable, durable and high strength concrete
INTRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
03
4. ➢ Its a lower density, elastic modulus, strength and a higher water
absorption capacity.
➢ recycled aggregate has a proportional mortar which attached to
aggregate, it gives a higher porosity and a lower strength to RAC
than the normal concrete.
➢ In addition, since recycled aggregates require a more amount of
water than natural aggregate, shrinkage issue could be a problematic
to be use RAC in parctially.
WHAT IS RECYCLED AGGREGATE
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
04
5. ➢ Recycle aggregate concrete has a Crushed sound and clean waste concrete
of at least 95% by weight of concrete with typical total contamination lower
than 1 %of the bulk mass
➢ Class IARCA is a well graded RAC with no more than 05% brick content
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
05
6. CLASSIFICATION
Material composition is the basis for classification of
recycled concrete aggregate in two main types
1) Crushed concrete
2) Mixed material
Each of these types is divided in a class for bound and a
class for unbound use
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
06
7. 1. Crushed concrete: This materials generally resulted in increased water demand and
decreased workability.
2. Mixed concrete: Mixed concrete remain plastic for a short time. This properties are
important because they affect the quality and in place cost of the hardened concrete
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
07
9. ➢ crushing
➢ pre-sizing
➢ sorting
➢ screening
➢ contaminant elimination
PROCESS OF RAC
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
09
10. Fig:Process of recycle aggregate concrete
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
10
11. ➢ Crushing and screening systems start with primary jaws, coes and/or large
impactor taking rubble from 30 inches to 4 feet.
➢ A secondary cone or impactor may or may not need to be run, and then
primary and secondary screens may or may not be used, depending upon the
project, the equipment used and the final product desired
➢ A scalping screen will remove dirt and foreign particles. Afine harp deck
screen will remove fine material from coarse aggregate
➢ Further cleaning is necessary to ensure the recycled concrete product is free
of dirt, clay. wood, plastic and organic materials.
➢ This is done by water floatation, hand picking, air separators,
andelectromagnetic separator.
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
11
13. ➢ In paved roads as aggregate bole aggregate subbase, and shoulders.
➢ In gravel roads as surfacing
➢ As bane for building foundations
➢ As fill for utility trenches
➢ At this time, the primary market is aggregate base and subbase in road projects
➢ Local Government: Local governments can help promote markets for recycled
aggregate because they are large purchasers of aggregate and other road
construction products
USES
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
14
15. CLASS-H
CLASS-M
CLASS-1
No limitation are put on the type
segment for concrete & structures with a nominal strength
of45 mpa or less.
Member not subjected to drying or
freezing - and – thawing action, such as piles under ground
beam and concrete fill in steel tubes.
Backfill concrete, building concrete, and leveling concrete
APPLICATION OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
16
16. ➢ There are a variety of benefits in recycling concrete rather than dumping it or
burying it in a landfill.
➢ Keeping concrete debris out of landfills saves landfill space.
➢ Using recycled material as gravel reduces the need for gravel mining Using
recycled concrete as the base material for roadways reduces the pollution
involved in trucking material.
BENEFITS
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
17
17. ➢ Reduces the amount of virgin aggregates to be Crated, hence less evacuation of
natural resources
➢ While being crushed into smaller particles a large amount of carbon dioxide is
absorbed. This duces the amount of CO, is the atmosphere
➢ Cost saving - few research studies have shown a significant reduction in construction
costs if RAC is used Conserves landfill spare, reduces the need for new landfills and
hence Creates more employment opportunities is recycling industry.
ADVANTAGES OF RAC
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
18
18. ➢ Downgrading of quality of concrete
➢ Increase in water absorption capacity ranging from 3% to 994
➢ Decrease in compressive strength of concrete (10 - 30%)
➢ Reduces workability of concrete.
➢ Lack of specifications and guidelines.
➢ Less durability of RM. however few papers have shown an improvement
in the durability by mining it with special materials like fly ash
DISADVANTAGES OF RAC
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
19
19. ➢ Initial moisture states of RCA is one of the most important variables that
impact strength and shrinkage.
➢ When oven-dried RCAis used, strength is used to be greatly reduced but free
shrinkage as measured in this study was low.
➢ The creep to free shrinkage ratio for RAC was similar to that of normal
concrete at 7 days under restrained conditions.
➢ When greater volume of recycled fine aggregates and fly ash was used, free
shrinkage of the specimens was reduced.
CONCLUSION
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
20
20. ➢ The use of recycled aggregate has been found to be better than that of
virgin aggregates for certain applications. For example, the physical
properties of recycled aggregates make them ideally suited for road base
and sub-base. This is because of their physical properties which means
less cement is required making them suited for sub-base use. This is in
addition to the cost benefits accrued by developers in the process.
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
21
21. RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE
➢ KK Sagoe - Crentsil, T Brown, AH Taylor Cement and concrete research, 2001 -
Elsevier
REFERENCE
22
➢ By the reference of slideshare website.
➢ M. Heemlal, P. Rathish Kumar, Y.V. Rao and V. Tulasi Shiva Kalyan, A study on
the utilization of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) in bituminous concrete.
➢ Katrina McNeil and Thomas H-K Kang, Recycled Concrete Aggregates: A Review,
International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials Vol 7. No.1. pp 61-69,
March 2013
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MGM PTC