Robotic automation has been increasingly used in construction. First generation robots performed simple dangerous or unpleasant tasks like welding and painting. Second generation robots can perform more complex tasks and simulate human functions by moving, sensing their environment, and responding to changes. Today, automation and robotics are used in masonry prefabrication, steel component production, and the precast concrete industry. The degree of automation in precast concrete is almost 100%. While robotics increases productivity and quality, it also increases costs and requires more maintenance than manual labor. Current research focuses on software and sensor technologies rather than new robot developments.

1. RECENT TRENDS IN ROBOTICS
& AUTOMATION IN
CONSTRUCTION
KRISHNA
1MV14MCM08

2.  Automation involves a mechanical device that can
imitate the actions of people or animals.
 Robotics involves the design, construction, and
operation of a robot.
 A robot is a machine that performs complicated tasks
and is guided by automatic controls.
INTRODUCTION

3. Robot Generations
 First generation robots were
designed to perform factory
work.
 Such robots performed
simple tasks that were
dangerous or unpleasant for
people.
 Robots were used to weld,
spray paint, move heavy
objects, handle hot
materials, etc.

4. Robot Generations
 Second generation
Robots perform more
complex tasks and
simulate many human
functions.
 Such robots move, sense
surroundings, and
respond to changes in
their environment.

5. Industrial robots perform many factory jobs
 Welding
 Painting
 Assembly
Today’s Robots

6. AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS IN
CONSTRUCTION
 automation and robotics in masonry
prefabrication
 Pre-fabricated brickwork
elements are often not applied
on smaller construction sites due
to lacking crane capacity.
 Brickwork without dislocating
aids will no longer be acceptable
in the near future and therefore
reduced to exceptions in
modernisation, renovation or
reconstruction

7. AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS IN
CONSTRUCTION
 Automation and robotics in the
construction sector and precast
concrete industry.
 The degree of automation is very
high almost up to 100%.
 A new development surge has been
under way for some years which in
individual cases has already led to
Computer-Aided Manufacturing
(CAM) and in some approaches to
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
(CIM) of pre-fabricated concrete
parts for ceilings, walls and roofs.

8. AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS IN
CONSTRUCTION
 automation and robotics in steel
component production.
 This applies to all fields of steel
construction.
 bridge construction, multi-storey
building and hall construction,
container construction, compound
construction and steel machine and
plant construction.
 . Today the material steel offers a
variety of new possibilities in
comparison with the first steel
enterprises.

9.  An analysis of requirements based on the types of
load.
Robots are primarily developed for the sectors in
which poor labour conditions prevail and in which a
reduction of the load is possible.
It must be possible to integrate the robot systems
into labour procedures.
GUIDELINES FOR CONSTRUCTION
ROBOT DEVELOPMENT

10. CLEAR PRODUCT STRUCTURE.
DESIGN FOCUSED ON SIMPLICITY.
HANDLING AND ASSEMBLY.
FAMILIES OF COMPONENTS.
COMPONENT INTERFACES.
INTEGRAL PRODUCT STRUCTURES.
CONSTRUCTION COMPONENTS FOR
AN ROBOT ORIENTED DESIGN &
CONSTRUCTION

11.  increased productivity.
 more efficient use of materials.
 better product quality.
 improved safety.
 Shorter workweeks for labour.
 reduced factory lead times.
 automated systems typically perform the manufacturing
process with less variability than human workers.
 Resulting in greater control and consistency of product
quality.
ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS &
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION

12.  automated equipment include the high capital
expenditure required to invest in automation (an
automated system can cost millions of dollars to design,
fabricate, and install).
 A higher level of maintenance needed than with a manually
operated machine.
 Generally lower degree of flexibility in terms of the
possible products as compared with a manual system
(even flexible automation is less flexible than humans, the
most versatile machines of all).
DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS &
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION

13.  Robotics and automation in construction focusing on the
new robots developments and machine automation.
 This area of robot development was very strong during
90s. However actual research and development in the RAC
is more focused on new emerging technologies and mainly
based on software and IT technologies.
 This is based on the software integration, simulation and
Virtual Reality environments, sensor based monitoring and
tracking, part-oriented construction, etc.
CONCLUSION