The document summarizes the history and development of Saudi Arabia. It details how Abdul-Aziz bin Saud reunited the central region of Arabia and established the modern state in 1932. The discovery of oil in 1938 transformed Saudi Arabia's economy and led to rapid development. Six new economic cities, including King Abdullah Economic City, are being built to diversify the economy and increase income by 2020.

2.  It was the dream of the Al- Saud clan to get their
territories back from Al Rashids and to unite all
tribal regions into one.

3.  Arabia was ruled by a patchwork of tribal rulers
including the Al Sauds

5.  In 1902, Abdul-Aziz
bin Saud, leader of
the Al Saud,
returned from exile
in Kuwait to resume
the conflict with the
Al Rashid, and
seized Riyadh .

6.  In January 1902, Ibn
Saud and his men
reached Riyadh.
With only a small
force, it was felt that
the only way to take
the city was to
capture Al Masmak
Castle and kill Ibn
Ajlan, Chief of
Riyadh.

7.  Ultimately leading to
the creation of the
modern state of Saudi
Arabia in 1932. The
main weapon for
achieving these
conquests was the
Ikhwan, the
Wahhabist-Bedouin
tribal army led by
Sultan Bin Najad Al
Otaibi and Faisal al-
Dwaish.

8.  Ibn Saud proved ,he
possessed the
qualities necessary to
be a sheikh or emir:
leadership, courage,
and luck; he would
thereafter go on to
unite most of the
peninsula once again
and found the modern
state of Saudi Arabia.

9.  In the following year,
Abdul-Aziz finally
defeated the Al
Rashid and annexed
all northern Arabia.
 In 1926 he became
the king of Hijaz.
 In 1927 he took the
title of King of Nejd.
 In 1932 Al-Hasa,
Qatif, Nejd and Hejaz
were unified to form
the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia.

10. Discovery of oil.
 The oil reserves in
Saudi Arabia were
discovered in 1938
AD. Development
programmes which
were delayed due to
the Second World
War in 1939, began
quickly in 1946. In
1949 oil production
was in full swing.

11.  Oil provided Saudi
Arabia with
economic prosperity
and great deal of
leverage in
international
community.

12. Economy and Global Trade
 Due to the discovery
of oil Saudi Arabia ‘s
economy has
undergone a
remarkable change
in a short period of
time. It has evolved
from a basic
agricutural society
into a regional and
global economic
power.

13.  Petroleum is the
integral part of Saudi
Arabia’s economy.
 It is the world’s largest
producer and exporter
of oil.
 In recent decades the
kingdom has
diversified its
economy. It produces
and exports a variety
of industrial goods all
over the globe.

18.  The government plays
an essential role in
industrial and economic
development.
 The Ministry of
Economy and Planning
formulates economic
and social development
plans.
 Additional sectors of the
economy are overseen
by individual ministries,
such as agricultural,
energy, transportation,
communication and
finance.

19.  The private sectors are
also playing an
important role in the
development of
economy in Kingdom.
 In December 2005,
Saudi Arabia Joined the
World Trade
Organization (WTO).It
was a significant
development that gives
Saudi products greater
access to global
markets.

20. Development
 Saudi Arabia is one
of the fastest
growing countries in
the world.
 According to the
forecast of King
Abdullah, the per
capita income from
$15,000 in 2006 will
rise to $ 33,500 till
2020 AD.

21. Development
 King Abdullah Economic Cities

22. King Abdullah Economic city
 Saudi Arabia will be launching 6 economic cities (
King Abdullah Economic City) which will be
completed by the year 2020 AD.
 These six new industrialized cities will diversify the
economy of Saudi Arabia.
 They will also increase the per capita income.

23.  King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC) is a
megaproject announced in 2005 by Abdullah
bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the king of Saudi
Arabia.
 With a total development area of 173 km² the
city is located along the coast of the Red Sea,
around 100 km north of Jeddah, the
commercial hub of the kingdom, the city will
also be approximately an hour away from the
holy Islamic cities of Mecca and Medina by car
and an hour away of all Middle Eastern capital
cities by plane. The total cost of the city is $86
billion (around SR 207 billion),

24.  The city, along with other five economic
cities, is a part of an ambitious "10x10"
program to place Saudi Arabia among
the world’s top ten competitive
investment destinations.

25.  Industrial zone
The industrial will be dedicated to industrial
and light manufacturing facilities
 Sea port
The port will have facilities to handle cargo
and dry bulk, and will be equipped to
receive the world’s largest vessels. Another
key component of the Port will be a
custom-built Hajj Terminal with a capacity
to handle up to 300,000 pilgrims on their
way to Mecca and Medina, the holy Muslim
cities.

26.  Residential areas
 The residential area is planned to include
260,000 apartments and 56,000 villas. It
will be divided into smaller residential,
commercial, and recreational providing
home for around half a million residents,
and another ten thousand tourists.
 Sea resort
 The Resorts Area will be designed to
feature services and amenities. It will
include hotels, shopping centers and other
recreational facilities.

27.  Educational zone
 The Educational Zone consist of multi-
university campus flanked by two Research
& Development parks. The multi-university
campus is designed to accommodate
18,000 students, and a 7,500 faculty and
staff members.
 Central business district
 The central business district will be the
largest regional financial nerve center for
the world’s leading banks, investment
houses and insurance groups.

29.  The city will help diversify the oil-based
economy of the kingdom by bringing
direct foreign and domestic investments.
 The city also will help create up to one
million jobs for the youthful population of
the country.
 It is being built along with 4 new cities in
Saudi Arabia to control sprawl and
congestion in existing cities.

30. Population
 Until the 1960s, most of the population
was nomadic or seminomadic; due to
rapid economic and urban growth, more
than 95% of the population now is
settled. Some cities and oases have
densities of more than 1,000 people per
square kilometer.

31.  Population centers are
mainly located along
the eastern and
western coasts and
interior oasis like Hofuf
and Buraydah.
 There is no population
in some extended
areas like Rub al khali
and Arabian desert.
 Since the petroleum
industry is constructing,
a few planned
communities there.

33.  Saudi Arabia has no permanent year-round
lakes or rivers, however its coastline extends
fpr 2640 km and ,on the Red sea side has
world class coral reefs, including those in the
gulf of Aqaba.

34. Quiz
 When was oil discovered in Saudi Arabia?
 What is the Saudi’s most important product?
 Which important organization did Saudi Arabia
join in December 2005?
 How many industrial cities will be completed
by the year 2020 AD?
 Where are populated centers in Saudi Arabia?
 Which areas of Saudi Arabia are not
populated?
Thanks