Sungwoo Kim presents a case for incorporating real-time capture data into writing research and pedagogy from a Vygotskian perspective. The presentation discusses using tools to visualize the history and interdependence across disciplines. Real-time capture data could help address the research gap between analysis of oral versus written data by capturing think aloud protocols and interactions in real-time.
Reading for language - An analysis of a recipe
영작문 수업 - 과정(Process)을 포함하는 글쓰기
이번 수업 시간에는 요리법(recipe)을 예로 '과정을 포함하는 글쓰기'를 해볼 예정입니다. 제 수업의 많은 부분은 읽기와 쓰기를 연결하는 데 할애되는데요. 슬라이드에서 보실 수 있듯, 학생들은 저의 예시를 바탕으로 recipe.com에서 요리법 하나를 골라 분석해야 합니다.
요리법 분석의 과정에서 다음 항목에 주목합니다.
1. 어떤 동사가 쓰이는가? 어떤 형태로 쓰이는가?
2. 어떤 재료가 쓰이는가?
3. 어떤 형용사 및 부사가 쓰이는가?
4. 과정을 나타내기 위해 숫자 목록 이외에 어떤 언어가 동원되는가?
5. 재료의 양이나 단위를 나타내기 위해 어떤 표현이 사용되는가?
아울러 재료를 직관적으로 이해하기 위해서 구글 이미지 검색을 사용합니다. 아무래도 요리 재료는 눈에 보이는 물리적 개체이기에 한국어 번역어보다 사진으로 기억하는 것이 훨씬 나을 수 있죠.
영어 논문쓰기 능력 배양을 '쓰기와 읽기의 통합'이라는 관점에서 정리해 보았습니다. 대략 반학기 강의 내용을 압축해 놓은 문서라고 생각됩니다. 구석구석 세세한 내용까지 이해하기는 힘드시겠지만 영어로 학술논문을 쓰시고자 하는 분들께 작은 도움이 되리라 생각합니다.
참고로 이 문서는 "영어로 논문쓰기 레퍼토리를 늘리는 4가지 전략"의 업그레이드 버전입니다. (아래 링크 참조)
http://www.slideshare.net/SungwooKim/4-53134196
Short Essay On Child Labour In Hindi - Tutorial Pics. विभिन्न विषयों से जुडी महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी | बाल श्रम पर निबंध | Essay .... Child Labour Essay in Hindi Language बाल मजदूरी / बाल श्रम पर निबंध. बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध/अनुच्छेद || Essay on Child Labour in Hindi - YouTube. Essay on child labour in hindi - Hindi - बच्चे काम पर जा रहे हैं .... बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध ।। Essay On Child Labour - YouTube. बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध – Child Labour Essay In Hindi – Learn Cram. Child Labour Essay For School Students In Hindi - बालश्रम पर निबंध. बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध | Essay on Child Labour in Hindi. Essay on Child Labour in Hindi, बाल मज़दूरी पर निबंध. बालश्रम पर निबंध- Essay On Child Labour In Hindi. Child labour hindi. Hindi Essay on 'Child Labour in India' | 'भारत में बाल श्रम' पर निबंध .... बाल श्रम पर निबंध | Essay on Child Labour in Hindi | HindPatrika. बाल मज़दूरी पर निबंध Essay on Child Labour in Hindi. ESSAY ON CHILD LABOUR IN ENGLISH FOR SCHOOL KIDS BY HINDI TUBE ROHIT .... Paragraph on child labour in Hindi - बाल मजदूरी पर पैराग्राफ. Child Labour Essay Hindi 1500 WordsTECH 24H. Causes Of Child Labour Essay In Hindi | Sitedoct.org. Information on Child Labour in Hindi बाल मजदुरी पर जानकारी. Essay on Child Labour in Hindi - Hind Patrika. निबंध बाल श्रम । Essay on Child Labour. child labour essay in hindi. Child Labour Meaning In Hindi - fitriblog1. College essay: Essay on child labour in hindi. Child labour Essay In Hindi | बाल श्रम पर निबंध जानिए. Child Labour Essay in English for School Students, Kids and Children. Essay on how to stop child labour in hindi. Child Labour Essay in Hindi or Bal Majduri (बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध ... Child Labour Essay In Hindi
Importance of English Language Essay | Essay on Importance of English .... Why English Is Important Essay 500 Words - The Importance of the .... ️ Importance of english language essay. Reasons why learning English is ....
How to Structure an Essay: A Guide for College Students. How to Improve Your Academic Writing with the Right Essay Structure?. 19+ Essay Templates in PDF. History Essay: Structure of essay. A Detailed Guide on How to Write the Best Essay | Urgent Homework Blog. Essay Structure - Tips to Format Essay With Examples | GoAssignmentHelp .... ⚡ Structuring an essay university. How to structure an essay: the best .... IELTS Essay Planning: 4 Step Approach - IELTS Charlie. PPT - Structuring an essay PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID .... Your Guide to Writing a Critical Essay on Trust My Paper. High School Essay Writing Sample on Topics and Structure. Apa guidelines for structuring an essay. Best Ways to Structuring an Essay. Tips for Structuring an Essay | Get Reader Attraction | Custom essay .... 011 Essay Example How To Write An ~ Thatsnotus. How to Write a Great Essay Quickly! - ESLBuzz Learning English .... How to Write A Thesis Statement: A Step-by-Step Guide. Structuring an Essay Part 2 - YouTube. PPT - Structuring an Essay or Paragraph PowerPoint Presentation, free .... Structuring an essay (2000 words).docx | DocDroid. Structuring an essay | Teaching Resources. STRUCTURING OF AN ESSAY!. Selecting Ideas and Structuring an Essay [IELTS Writing Task 2] - TED IELTS. How To Write An Essay: Structure. 7 Steps to Structuring an IELTS Task 2 Essay - TED IELTS. Structuring of an Essay! - MakeMyAssignments Blog. Writing And Structuring An Essay. 014 Argumentative Essay Structure Format Persuasive Topics Argument .... Essay Structure: Best Tips From StudyCrumb. How to write an essay step by step guide - STUDYLINE Structuring An Essay
Literacy session: Hindsight, Insight and Foresight John Cook. Workshop 'Technology-enhanced learning in the context of technological, societal and cultural transformations' Alpine Rendez-Vous, within the framework of the STELLAR Network of Excellence. December 3-4, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria, Germany. #telc09 #stellar2009,
Use Your Words: Content Strategy to Influence BehaviorLiz Danzico
What if we were truly open to the language in our cities, our neighborhoods, our city blocks? What is our environment telling us to do?
In this workshop, we’ll let the language of the city guide us to explore how words, specifically the words of our immediate contexts, shape our behavior. By being open to the possibilities, we’ll explore how language influences both the micro and macro actions we take. We’ll go on expeditions in the morning—studying street signs to doorways to receipts—comparing patterns in the language maps we’ll construct. In the afternoon, we’ll look at what these patterns suggest for the products and services we design.
You’ll walk away having learned how words influence behavior, how products and services have used language for behavior change, and having tools for thinking about language and behavior change in the work you do.
Spend the day letting words use you, so you can go back to work to use them with renewed wisdom.
Reading for language - An analysis of a recipe
영작문 수업 - 과정(Process)을 포함하는 글쓰기
이번 수업 시간에는 요리법(recipe)을 예로 '과정을 포함하는 글쓰기'를 해볼 예정입니다. 제 수업의 많은 부분은 읽기와 쓰기를 연결하는 데 할애되는데요. 슬라이드에서 보실 수 있듯, 학생들은 저의 예시를 바탕으로 recipe.com에서 요리법 하나를 골라 분석해야 합니다.
요리법 분석의 과정에서 다음 항목에 주목합니다.
1. 어떤 동사가 쓰이는가? 어떤 형태로 쓰이는가?
2. 어떤 재료가 쓰이는가?
3. 어떤 형용사 및 부사가 쓰이는가?
4. 과정을 나타내기 위해 숫자 목록 이외에 어떤 언어가 동원되는가?
5. 재료의 양이나 단위를 나타내기 위해 어떤 표현이 사용되는가?
아울러 재료를 직관적으로 이해하기 위해서 구글 이미지 검색을 사용합니다. 아무래도 요리 재료는 눈에 보이는 물리적 개체이기에 한국어 번역어보다 사진으로 기억하는 것이 훨씬 나을 수 있죠.
영어 논문쓰기 능력 배양을 '쓰기와 읽기의 통합'이라는 관점에서 정리해 보았습니다. 대략 반학기 강의 내용을 압축해 놓은 문서라고 생각됩니다. 구석구석 세세한 내용까지 이해하기는 힘드시겠지만 영어로 학술논문을 쓰시고자 하는 분들께 작은 도움이 되리라 생각합니다.
참고로 이 문서는 "영어로 논문쓰기 레퍼토리를 늘리는 4가지 전략"의 업그레이드 버전입니다. (아래 링크 참조)
http://www.slideshare.net/SungwooKim/4-53134196
Short Essay On Child Labour In Hindi - Tutorial Pics. विभिन्न विषयों से जुडी महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी | बाल श्रम पर निबंध | Essay .... Child Labour Essay in Hindi Language बाल मजदूरी / बाल श्रम पर निबंध. बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध/अनुच्छेद || Essay on Child Labour in Hindi - YouTube. Essay on child labour in hindi - Hindi - बच्चे काम पर जा रहे हैं .... बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध ।। Essay On Child Labour - YouTube. बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध – Child Labour Essay In Hindi – Learn Cram. Child Labour Essay For School Students In Hindi - बालश्रम पर निबंध. बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध | Essay on Child Labour in Hindi. Essay on Child Labour in Hindi, बाल मज़दूरी पर निबंध. बालश्रम पर निबंध- Essay On Child Labour In Hindi. Child labour hindi. Hindi Essay on 'Child Labour in India' | 'भारत में बाल श्रम' पर निबंध .... बाल श्रम पर निबंध | Essay on Child Labour in Hindi | HindPatrika. बाल मज़दूरी पर निबंध Essay on Child Labour in Hindi. ESSAY ON CHILD LABOUR IN ENGLISH FOR SCHOOL KIDS BY HINDI TUBE ROHIT .... Paragraph on child labour in Hindi - बाल मजदूरी पर पैराग्राफ. Child Labour Essay Hindi 1500 WordsTECH 24H. Causes Of Child Labour Essay In Hindi | Sitedoct.org. Information on Child Labour in Hindi बाल मजदुरी पर जानकारी. Essay on Child Labour in Hindi - Hind Patrika. निबंध बाल श्रम । Essay on Child Labour. child labour essay in hindi. Child Labour Meaning In Hindi - fitriblog1. College essay: Essay on child labour in hindi. Child labour Essay In Hindi | बाल श्रम पर निबंध जानिए. Child Labour Essay in English for School Students, Kids and Children. Essay on how to stop child labour in hindi. Child Labour Essay in Hindi or Bal Majduri (बाल मजदूरी पर निबंध ... Child Labour Essay In Hindi
Importance of English Language Essay | Essay on Importance of English .... Why English Is Important Essay 500 Words - The Importance of the .... ️ Importance of english language essay. Reasons why learning English is ....
How to Structure an Essay: A Guide for College Students. How to Improve Your Academic Writing with the Right Essay Structure?. 19+ Essay Templates in PDF. History Essay: Structure of essay. A Detailed Guide on How to Write the Best Essay | Urgent Homework Blog. Essay Structure - Tips to Format Essay With Examples | GoAssignmentHelp .... ⚡ Structuring an essay university. How to structure an essay: the best .... IELTS Essay Planning: 4 Step Approach - IELTS Charlie. PPT - Structuring an essay PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID .... Your Guide to Writing a Critical Essay on Trust My Paper. High School Essay Writing Sample on Topics and Structure. Apa guidelines for structuring an essay. Best Ways to Structuring an Essay. Tips for Structuring an Essay | Get Reader Attraction | Custom essay .... 011 Essay Example How To Write An ~ Thatsnotus. How to Write a Great Essay Quickly! - ESLBuzz Learning English .... How to Write A Thesis Statement: A Step-by-Step Guide. Structuring an Essay Part 2 - YouTube. PPT - Structuring an Essay or Paragraph PowerPoint Presentation, free .... Structuring an essay (2000 words).docx | DocDroid. Structuring an essay | Teaching Resources. STRUCTURING OF AN ESSAY!. Selecting Ideas and Structuring an Essay [IELTS Writing Task 2] - TED IELTS. How To Write An Essay: Structure. 7 Steps to Structuring an IELTS Task 2 Essay - TED IELTS. Structuring of an Essay! - MakeMyAssignments Blog. Writing And Structuring An Essay. 014 Argumentative Essay Structure Format Persuasive Topics Argument .... Essay Structure: Best Tips From StudyCrumb. How to write an essay step by step guide - STUDYLINE Structuring An Essay
Literacy session: Hindsight, Insight and Foresight John Cook. Workshop 'Technology-enhanced learning in the context of technological, societal and cultural transformations' Alpine Rendez-Vous, within the framework of the STELLAR Network of Excellence. December 3-4, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria, Germany. #telc09 #stellar2009,
Use Your Words: Content Strategy to Influence BehaviorLiz Danzico
What if we were truly open to the language in our cities, our neighborhoods, our city blocks? What is our environment telling us to do?
In this workshop, we’ll let the language of the city guide us to explore how words, specifically the words of our immediate contexts, shape our behavior. By being open to the possibilities, we’ll explore how language influences both the micro and macro actions we take. We’ll go on expeditions in the morning—studying street signs to doorways to receipts—comparing patterns in the language maps we’ll construct. In the afternoon, we’ll look at what these patterns suggest for the products and services we design.
You’ll walk away having learned how words influence behavior, how products and services have used language for behavior change, and having tools for thinking about language and behavior change in the work you do.
Spend the day letting words use you, so you can go back to work to use them with renewed wisdom.
009 Report Full1 How To Write Essay Format ~ Thatsnotus. Magnificent How To Write A Report Essay Format ~ Thatsnotus. Report Writing Examples - 19+ | Examples. how write a report example. 010 How To Write Creativeay Report Example Sample College Examples .... How To Write Essay Report - Akehurst Scribble.
911 Essays. 911 summary essay topics. Informative Essay - English Final examSara Roberts
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Conclusion Of A Compare And Contrast Essay.pdfTrina Martin
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Essay On Research Methodology. methodology sample in researchHeidi Marshall
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How to Start a Compare and Contrast Essay?. School essay: Conclusion for a compare and contrast essay. Essay websites: Compare and contrast essay conclusion examples. Compare and Contrast Essay II | Secondary School | Lecture. Compare And Contrast Essay Introduction – Telegraph. Reflection Essay: Examples of college compare and contrast essays.
Essay On Research Methodology. methodology sample in researchHeidi Marshall
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Real-time Capture Data in Writing Research: Roundtable in PSU (2009)
1. A case for incorporating real-time capture data
to writing research and pedagogy:
A Vygotskian Perspective.
SCT Working Group Meeting 2009
Sungwoo Kim (Pennsylvania State University)
2. Structure of presentation
1. Sungwoo’s understanding of Applied Linguistics
2. Visualizations of history and interdependence across
disciplines
3. Real-time capture in writing research
Research gap between oral and written data analysis
Think aloud protocols
Real-time capture data
4. Discussion
5. Useful tech tools for visualizing history
6. Open discussion
Page 2 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
3. Beyond the visible,
to meet “Mind in History”
“… the things which are seen were not made of
things which are visible…” (Hebrew 11:3, KJV)
Page 3 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
4. What I see vs. What it is
What I see is just a partial image
of given phenomena. The
apparent whole is actually just a
part of the (historical) entirety.
For example, my presentation
here is part of my ongoing
project. My research project has
its own history of getting
feedback from several people in
my community at PSU.
Page 4 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
5. Applied Linguistics in Sungwoo’s version
Applied Linguistics can be conceptualized as a
discipline concerned with history and interdependence
of our linguistic and symbolic interactions with other
people and the world.
From this perspective, historical is synonymous with
social. Social phenomena is contemporary manifestation
of history on different timescales.
Page 5 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
6. Multiple timescales inhabit even just a sentence.
I view Applied Linguistics as a discipline for revealing
history and human interdependence.
view A as B from high school textbook
discipline from my college English
reveal from Revelation in the Bible in my first encounter with NIV (New
International Version) in middle school, thus certainly with some religious taste
history from middle school, enriched here at PSU by Vygotsky’s genetic method
and Foucault’s genealogy
interdependence from ecological perspective (against “Independentism” in the
Western culture) which has been with me since my graduate school study,
recently associated with Emmanuel Levinas
a “the thing” reminding me of a long struggle with the English article system
(more than just the shortest word in English)
Page 6 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
7. Two Key words in SW’s Applied Linguistics
Interdependence
– Human symbolic actions are socioculturally mediated.
– We mediate each other.
History
– Human (behavior) is formed and transformed through time.
Page 7 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
8. History of our physical existence
They are also fantastically durable. Because they are so long
lived, atoms really get around. Every atom you possess has
almost certainly passed through several stars and been part
of millions of organisms on its way to becoming you. We are
each so atomically numerous and so vigorously recycled at
death that a significant number of our atoms—up to a billion
for each of us, it has been suggested—probably once
belonged to Shakespeare.
Page 8 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
9. History of our physical existence
A billion more each came from Buddha and Genghis Khan
and Beethoven, and any other historical figure you care to
name. (The personages have to be historical, apparently, as it
takes the atoms some decades to become thoroughly
redistributed; however much you may wish it, you are not yet
one with Elvis Presley.)
(Bryson, B (2003). History of Nearly Everything, p. 134)
Page 9 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
10. Interdependence of our sociocultural existence
This is why the unique speech experience of each individual
is shaped and developed in continuous and constant
interaction with others’ individual utterances. This
experience can be characterized to some degree as the
process of assimilation – more or less creative - of “our-own-ness,”
varying degrees of awareness and detachment. These
words of others carry with them their own expression, their
own evaluative tone, which we assimilate, rework, and re-accentuate.
(Bhaktin 1986: 89)
Page 10 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
11. Vygotsky on Processes & History
Vygotsky argues, "Psychological analysis of objects should
be contrasted with the analysis of processes, which require a
dynamic display of the main points making up the processes'
history” (Vygotsky, 1978: 61). Vygotsky points out that
historical or developmental approaches to human mind are
essential because "it is only in movement that a body shows
what it is" (1978:65).
Page 11 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
12. One example of history/interdependence
On Twitter
Page 12 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
16. intersecting
World of multiple
(but not parallel) universes
Page 16 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
17. Discourse in Multiple Universes
Heterogeneous
Multi-layered
Abbreviated
Unintelligible to those outside the “discourse circle”
Different time scales
Page 17 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
18. Example: DECODING NEEDED?
royalwine 나는 조씨 RT @sungwookim: 너 박기자? RT @
royalwine 조사 완료. RT @jaystory: 뒷태 전문 기자! @
sungwookim: 누규? @sophiekkim RT 뒷조사는 박기자.
RT @royalwine: 뒷조사 시작less than a year ago
Page 18 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
19. Immediate discourse
sophiekkim @sungwookim 그러게요, 점점 짧아지는 트윗 RT 의 묘미. :D @jaystory @
royalwineless than a year from Seesmic in reply to sungwookimto KO
sungwookim @royalwine 대화 압축 알고리듬이 무척 재미있다는 ... 140자의 압박이 다양한
압축 알고리듬을 만들어낸다는... 물론 상대가 누구냐에 따라서 알고리듬 패러미터 값이 무척 달
라진다는... ;;; @jaystory @sophiekkimless than a year from web in reply to royalwineto KO
royalwine 나는 조씨 RT @sungwookim: 너 박기자? RT @royalwine 조사 완료. RT @
jaystory: 뒷태 전문 기자! @sungwookim: 누규? @sophiekkim RT 뒷조사는 박기자. RT @
royalwine: 뒷조사 시작less than a year from twhirlto KO
Plus offline relationship and direct messages!
헉 박기자님? RT @royalwine 저 셜록홈즈 뺨친다는... ^ ^v RT @jaystory: 뒷태 전문 기자! @
sungwookim: 박기자 누규? @sophiekkim RT 뒷조사는 박기자. RT @royalwine: 뒷조사 시작
11:07 AM Aug 27th from web to KO
죄송하지만 박기자님이라고 하시면 누구이시온지... @sophiekkimRT 원래 뒷조사는 박기자님
이... RT @royalwine: @sungwookim아닐 듯, 아닐 듯... 분명히 뭔가가 있다능... 뒷조사 해봐
야짐. 후후훗.. -.-+10:55 AM Aug 27th from web to KO
@royalwine 헛 뒷조사라굽쇼? 무셔라. =3=3=3 도주중~10:46 AM Aug 27th from web
in reply to royalwineto KO
royalwine @sungwookim 아닐 듯, 아닐 듯... 분명히 뭔가가 있다능... 뒷조사 해봐야짐. 후후
훗.. -.-+less than a year from twhirl in reply to sungwookimto
Page 19 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
20. Thus the tasks are
to visualize how the multiple universes allow an individual
or a group of people to engage in a certain linguistic
activity
to trace the development of the activity
to develop methodology to transform what we are doing in
a development-conducive way
Page 20 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
21. Some examples
Interdependence – Social Relationship
History – Change over time
Examples of making interdependence / history visible
– LCA
– Wiki
– Google Wave
– Painting Process
– Other visualizations
Page 21 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
22. Life Cycle Analysis
The goal of LCA is to compare the environmental
performance of products and services, to be able to
choose the least burdensome one. The term 'life cycle'
refers to the notion that a fair, holistic assessment requires
the assessment of raw material production, manufacture,
distribution, use and disposal including all intervening
transportation steps. This is the life cycle of the product.
The concept also can be used to optimize the
environmental performance of a single product
(ecodesign) or to optimize the environmental
performance of a company.
http://www.ecohuddle.com/wiki/life-cycle-assessments
Page 22 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
23. Life Cycle Assessment
A life cycle assessment (also known as life cycle analysis,
life cycle inventory, ecobalance, cradle-to-grave-analysis,
well-to-wheel analysis, and dust-to-dust energy cost) is
the assessment of the environmental impact of a given
product or service throughout its lifespan.
http://www.ecohuddle.com/wiki/life-cycle-assessments
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29. History of Programming Language
http://oreilly.com/news/graphics/prog_lang_poster.pdf
Visualizes genealogy of programming language
http://manyeyes.alphaworks.ibm.com/manyeyes/visualizations?
q=language
Language-related visuals from the IBM project “Manyeyes”
http://colors.collectingsmiles.com/details/9213-
shh....._by_anastasky.php History of the painting
http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2007/08/02/data-visualization-modern-
approaches/ Other visualization showcases
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30. A Case for incorporating real-time capture
data to writing research
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31. Importance of History in Sociocultural Theory
Four genetic domains for the proper study of higher mental
functions (Lantolf, 2006)
1. Phylogenetic domain: development of the human species
(mainly biological)
2. Sociocultural domain: human society and culture
3. Ontogenetic domain: human development over one's
lifespan
4. Microgenetic domain: the reorganization and
development of mediation over a relatively short span of
time
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32. Four domains in writing research
For example, the researcher's writing activity at this
moment should be understood as a process involving the
evolution of the human brain (phylogenesis), writing
practice in a highly literate culture with strong influence of
technology on academic writing (sociocultural domain),
the researcher's history of learning and engaging in
writing activities over his lifetime (ontogenesis), and
moment-by-moment genesis of writing vis-a-vis his
consultation with mediational tools like online dictionaries
for bilingual translation or search engines for marshalling
semiotic repertoire from academic corpora
(microgenesis).
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33. Issue1: Gap in Research Methods
Do we have right methods for researching
the microgenesis of writing?
or
Do we have rigorous methods to properly
understand the dynamics of online (real-time)
writing practices?
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34. Issue1: Gap in Research Methods
Spoken
– Real-time utterances
– Transcripts
– Think aloud
– etc
Written
– No real-time data
– Final drafts
– Think aloud
– etc
Analysis of written data lacks the real-time
picture of learners’ writing
performance.
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35. Analysis of Written Data
Wolfe-Quintero, Inagaki, & Kim (1998)'s meta analysis
1. Counts of number of words, clauses, sentences, or T-units
in a text
2. Averages of the number of words per clause, per
sentence, per T-unit, per error-free clause, or per error-free
T-units in a text
-> Based on final products of writing
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36. Issue 2: Think Aloud Protocol
But if so, it followed that all introspection is in one respect
misleading. In introspection we try to look "inside ourselves"
and see what is going on. But nearly everything that was
going on a moment before is stopped by the very act of our
turning to look at it. Unfortunately this does not mean that
introspection finds nothing. On the contrary, it finds
precisely what is left behind by the suspension of all our
normal activities; and what is left behind is mainly mental
images and physical sensations. The great error is to mistake
this mere sediment or track or byproduct for the activities
themselves. (C. S. Lewis, Surprised by Joy 218-219)
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37. TAP Methodology in Writing Research
Arndt, 1987; Braaksma, Rijlaarsdam, van den Bergh & van
Hout-Wolters, 2004; Flower & Hayes, 1981; Jourdenais, 1998;
Kozma, 1991; Qi & Lapkin, 2001; Swarts, Flower & Hayes, 1984;
Wang & Wen, 2002; Witte & Cherry, 1994; Woodall, 2002;
Zamel 1983
- Based on Wurzburg proposal that "the word is nothing but
the external clothing of thought" and behaviorist's formula
that "thought is speech" (Bruner, 2004: 19).
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38. Criticisms of TAP
Smagorinsky (1998: 163) criticizes TAP from a cultural-historical
activity theory perspective. He argues that
studies adopting TAP "has the appearance of being a
solitary act, yet from a CHAT perspective can only be
understood a social act."
Afflerbach and Johnson (1984: 311)“a crowding of the
cognitive workbench”
Hyland (2002) - TAP can cause overload of short-term
memory
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39. Criticisms of TAP (Cont’d)
Lantolf (1990: 180) "The fact that individuals engage in inner
speech when carrying out certain mental activities is not
at all the same thing as remembering to speak aloud for
the benefit of a researcher.”
Swain (2006: 110) “Think alouds and stimulated recalls are
not, as some would have it, “brain dumps”; rather they are
a process of comprehending and reshaping experience –
they are part of what constitutes development and
learning”
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41. Real-time capture data analysis
JH’s case (Final text)
Doping, as it is often argued, as a sphere of enhancing
performance in sport has been a fascinating debate from
a philosophical standpoint mainly related to ontology
concerned the appropriateness of artificial substance
based on human nature.
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42. A teacher’s comment on the text
I believe 'as it is often argued' is a good attempt at hedging or
possibly putting this sentence into a context of one argument among
many but is problematic in that it does not really situate the argument,
like it would with a citation and has some grammar issues with the use
of 'as.' The writer is trying to either hedge or situate but looks like
s/he is experiencing some difficulties…
This writer reminds me of a student I taught in Korea, who was very
highly educated and possessed an almost infinite (or so it seemed)
English vocabulary, but who could not put together an English
sentence without using two or three five syllable words that rarely
made an sense. I deeply respected this students intellect, but wanted
to move him towards writing simply so that I could actually make
sense of what he was writing. It was an interesting if frustrating
experience. (Refer to your handout)
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43. Self Revisions Revealed
21:53
concept -> extent -> boundary -> extent
… departing from the extent of golden mean.
the concept
the boundary
Paradigmatic options (One’s repertoire of synonymous
lexical items)
A glimpse of a writer’s semantic network / L1 transfer
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44. Conclusion
1. Capture data as an methodological complementation
– Real-time capture as a window to writers’ composing process
– Simulated recall as a ‘pair tool’ to look at writers’ interpretation of
different ‘writing scenes’
-> Development of more thorough methods combining various
resources: “Thick description of writing practices”
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45. Conclusion
2. Capture data as a strategy of pedagogical intervention
– Capturing practice as a strategy to reflect one’s own writing
– Capture data as an orienting artifact in writing conference
– Capture data as an window to look at students’ “hidden linguistic
repertoire”
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46. Conclusion
3. Writing Process as Thinking Process
– Need to revisit the false dichotomy of “thinking inside” and
“externalizing the thought”
– Need to dialectically conceptualize thinking and speaking / thinking
and writing and ultimately
-> human mind “in society” not “in brain”
– Distributed cognition / Extended mind
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47. Feynman’s Paper and Pencil
Consider this famous exchange between the Nobel Prize–
winning physicist Richard Feynman and the historian Charles
Weiner.1 Weiner, encountering with a historian’s glee a
batch of Feynman’s original notes and sketches, remarked
that the materials represented “a record of [Feynman’s] day-to-
day work.” But instead of simply acknowledging this
historic value, Feynman reacted with unexpected sharpness:
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48. Feynman’s Paper and Pencil
“I actually did the work on the paper,” he said.
“Well,” Weiner said, “the work was done in your head, but
the record of it is still here.”
“No, it’s not a record, not really. It’s working. You have to work
on paper and this is the paper. Okay?” (from Gleick 1993,
409)
Feynman’s suggestion is, at the very least, that the loop into
the external medium was integral to his intellectual activity
(the “working”) itself. But I would like to go further and
suggest that Feynman was actually thinking on the paper.
(Clark 2008: xxv)
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49. Useful tools for visualizing history/relations
Camtasia Studio – desktop software for screen capture
http://www.techsmith.com/camtasia.asp
Screen Cast – web-based freeware for screen capture
http://www.screencast.com/
Google Analytics – Data mining tool for your website and search engine
http://www.google.com/analytics/
Many Eyes (IBM) – Visualization of data
http://manyeyes.alphaworks.ibm.com/manyeyes/page/Tour.html
PBWiki http://www.pbworks.com
Zoho Creator https://creator.zoho.com/
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50. Open discussion
1. Does the clip give insights for our understanding of
the learner's writing process?
2. How may screen capture enhance writing instruction
and evaluation?
3. How may screen capture, as methodology, inform
writing research?
4. How do these history- and relationship-visualizing
examples enhance our research as applied linguists?
5. Any other thoughts? Comments?
Page 50 PSU APLNG Round Table 10/09/2009
51. Thank you.
Sungwoo Kim
(Thanks to Kwanghyun Park, Steve L. Thorne, Matt Poehner, James P. Lantolf:
Names in historical order!)