This document discusses several philosophies and frameworks for understanding reality, including nominalism. Nominalism holds that only particular objects exist in the world and general ideas are merely names without real existence. The document explores how nominalism can provide scaffolding to support understanding of metaphysical questions about reality. It also discusses how a nominalist view that denies universal concepts like "humanity" could contribute to greater inhumanity in war by viewing people as merely particular objects. Overall, the document examines nominalism and other terms as lenses for framing our understanding of reality and real-world objects and experiences.