Realism holds that matter exists independently of the human mind. Realists believe that education should teach students about the real world through subjects that are systematically organized from simple to complex. According to realism, the aims of education are to teach truth rather than beauty and provide students with practical knowledge to survive. Teachers should have mastery of present life and guide students towards life's hard realities. The child is a real being that learns based on their experiences of the real world.

3. REALISM

4. Matter is real.
Objects exist whether or not
there is human mind to
perceive them.

5. “Form or ideas can exist even
without matter, but there can
be no matter without form.”
“God created matter out of
nothing and God is the
Unmoved Mover who gives
meaning and purpose to the
universe.”

7. ARISTOTLE believed that matter
is caused by four things:

8. “Knowledge is power. Through
the acquisition of knowledge we
could more effectively deal with
the problems and forces that
beset us on every side.”
“We are born with our mind as
a blank sheet on which ideas
are imprinted.”

9. “The important things to be
learned are ideas, but the ideas
need to be connected with
experiences.”
“He believed philosophy
should be analytical and
based on science.”

10. REALISM AND EDUCATION
Aims of Education
To teach truth rather than
beauty, to understand the present
practical life.
To provide the students with essential
knowledge he will need to survive in the
natural world.

11. REALISM AND THE CURRICULA
The realists believe that the most
efficient and effective way to find out
about reality is to study it through
organized, separate, and systematically
arranged subject matter. This is called
the subject-matter approach to
curriculum which is composed of two
basic components – the body of
knowledge and the appropriate pedagogy
to fit the readiness of the learners.

12. REALISM AND METHODS OF TEACHING
1. Education should proceed from simple to
complex and from concrete to abstract.
2. Students to be taught to analyze rather
than to construct.
3. Vernacular to be the medium of
instruction.
4. Repetition is necessary for retention.
5. Individual’s experience and spirit of
inquiry is more important than authority.
6. More emphasis on questioning and
understanding.

13. REALISM AND THE TEACHER
 A teacher should be such that he
himself be educated and well versed
with the customs of beliefs and rights
and duties of people, and the trends of
all ages and places.
 He must have full mastery of the
knowledge of present life.
 He must guide the students towards
the hard realities of life.
 He must be able to expose children to
the problems of life and the world
around.

14. REALISM AND THE CHILD
 The child is a real unit which has real
existence.
 Child has to be given as much freedom as
possible.
 The child is to be enabled to proceed on
the basis of facts.
 The child can learn only when he follows
the laws of learning.
 The child is to be understood as a
creature of the real world.

15. REALISM AND SCHOOL
ORGANIZATION
 School organization would be based
on the real needs of society.
 The opening of science classes in
every school is a must. Only academic
and literary subjects are not sufficient
to fulfill the needs of the society.
 School is the mirror of the society. It
is a miniature form of society and it
presents the real picture of the
society.

16. “Teaching requires a
careful blending of theory
and practice. Theory
without practice
is insufficient;
while practice without
theory