This document provides information about ready-mix concrete (RMC), including its history, composition, production process, and use in India. Some key points: - RMC was first developed in Germany in 1903 and introduced in the US in 1913. It involves premixing concrete ingredients off-site and delivering it via transit mixer trucks. - RMC provides better quality control than on-site mixing and eliminates the need for construction sites to store raw materials. India's first major RMC projects were dams in the 1950s. - RMC is composed of cement, aggregates like sand and gravel, water, and sometimes admixtures or fly ash. Major companies in India operate over 100 RMC plants

1. Summer internship project on
Potential Of Ready-Mix Concrete in IHB sector
Presented By: Prosenjit
Roy
Roll No: 17014
Batch 2017-19

2. INTRODUCTI
ON
•Ready-mix concrete (RMC) is a ready-to-use material, with
predetermined mixture of Cement, sand,aggregates and water.
•The Idea of Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) was first introduced by Architect
Jurgen Heinrich Magens, he got this patent of RMC in Germany in 1903.
•In 1907, he discovered that the available time for transportation could
be prolonged not only by cooling fresh concrete but also by vibrating it
during transportation.

3. •The first concrete mixed off site and delivered to a construction site was
effectively done in Baltimore, United States in 1913, just before the First
World War.
•The first concept of transit mixer was also born in 1926 in the United
States. In 1939, the first RMC plant was installed in United Kingdom and
in 1933.
•Between the years 1950 and 1980 considerable growth of RMC took
place in the United States.
•In India RMC was first initially was used in 1950 during the
construction sites of Dams like Bhakra Nangal, Koyna.

4. RMC Plants in india
Company Plants Across India
Ultratech 103
ACC 92
Lafarge 68
RMC-India 50
Ramco -
RDC -
Apolo Infratech -
There are Total 9000+ Plants all over India

5. OBJECTIVE
Better quality concrete isproduced.
• Elimination of storage space for basic material at site.
• Elimination of Procurement/ hiring of plant and machinery.
• Wastage of basic materials isavoided.
Objective Of The Study
• To understand the potential of Ready Mix Concrete in IHB sector.
• To understand the demand of Ready Mix Concrete in the market.
• To identify the interested cement dealer’s those who needs RMC.
• Approaching the cement dealer’s as well as building contractors to work with RMC.
• To give the detailed information about the RMC supply process to the customer.

7. MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR
RMC
1. AGGREGATE :
Aggregates are the important constituents in
concrete.They give body to the concrete,
reduce shrinkage and effect economy.The mere
fact that the aggregates occupy 70-80 per cent
of the volume of concrete.

8. Aggregat
es

9. Aggregates are divided into two categories from
the consideration of size
• Coarse aggregate
• Fine aggregate
The size of the aggregate bigger than
4.75 mm is considered as coarse aggregate
and aggregate whose size is 4.75 mm and less
is considered as fine aggregate.

10. 2. CEMENT :
Cement is a binder material which
sets and hardens independently, and can bind
other materials together.
Cement is made up of four main
compounds,
• dicalcium Silicate (2CaO SiO2),
• tricalcium silicate (3CaO SiO2),
• tricalcium acuminate (3CaOAl2O3),
tetra-calcium aluminoferrite (4CaO Al2O3 Fe2O3).
these compounds are designated as C2S,C3S,
C3A, and C4AF.

11. where C stands for calcium oxide (lime),
S for silica and A for alumina,and F for
iron oxide.Small amounts of uncombined lime and
magnesia also are present, along with alkalis
and minor amounts of other elements.

12. 3. ADMIXTURE:
•Air-entraining admixtures (mainly used
in concrete exposed to freezing)
•Water-reducing admixtures, plasticizers
(reduce the dosage of water while maintaining
the workability)
•Retarding admixtures (mainly used in hot
weather to retard the reaction of hydration)
• Accelerating admixtures (mainly used in
coldweather to accelerate the reaction of

13. •Super plasticizer or high range water-
reducer (significantly reduce the dosage of
water while
maintaining the workability)
•Miscellaneous admixtures such as corrosion
inhibiting, shrinkage reducing, coloring,
pumping etc.

14. FLY ASH:
Fly ash is a by-product from coal-
fired electricity generating power
plants.
The fly ash is generally used in the
concrete in the following ways.
• A s partial replace for cement.
• A s partial replacement for sand.
• A s simultaneous replacement for
bothcement and sand.

15. FLY
ASH

16. WATER :
The pH value of water should be
in between 6.0 and 8.0
according to IS 456-2000.

17. EQUIPMENTS
REQUIRED:
• Storage materials- Silos,containers,Bins
• Measuring and recording equipment
• Mixing equipment
• Control systems
• Electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic drives
• Conveying systems (belt conveyors)

18. Silos

19. Aggregate Feeding Belt
Conveyors:-

20. Manual Batching
plant

21. TRANSIT MIXED (OR "TRUCK- MIXED")
CONCRETE:-
While ready mixed concrete can be delivered to the
point of placement the overwhelming majority of it is
brought to the construction site in truck-mounted,
rotating drum mixers.
Truck mixers have a revolving drum with the axis
inclined to the horizontal.
Inside the shell of the mixer drum are a pair of
blades or fins that wrap in a helical (spiral)
configuration from the head to the opening of the
drum.
The concrete is loaded and mixed, it is normally
hauled to the job site with the drum turning at a
speed of less than 2 rpm.

22. TRANSIT
MIXER

23. NEEDS TO BE SPECIFIED BY
CONSUMERFOR RMC
•Characteristic strength or grade (N/mm2)
• Target workability or slump in mm required
• Exposure conditions for durability
requirements
Maximum water to cement ratio
Minimum cement content
Maximum aggregate size
Type of cement
Mineral admixture and its proportion (Kg/m3)

24. CHECKS BY CONSUMER
BEFOREORDERING THE RMC
• Calibrations of all measuring devices and their
accuracy.
• Mode of operation of plant shouldpreferably
be fully automatic and not manual.
•Quality of materials proposed to be used.
•Adequacy of quantity of materials used.

25. Merits of Ready-Mix Concrete
 ·A centralized concrete batching plant can serve a wide
area. Site Mix trucks can serve a larger area including
remote locations that standard trucks cannot.
 · The plants are located in areas zoned for industrial use,
and yet the delivery trucks can service residential districts or
inner cities.
 · Better quality concrete is produced. Site Mix can produce
higher compression strength with less water than standard
batching methods.
 · Elimination of storage space for basic materials at site.
Standard Batch plant need more room for their operation
than Site Mix trucks.

26. Merits
Continued Elimination of procurement / hiring of plant and machinery
 · Wastage of basic materials is avoided. With a Site Mix truck,
there isless waste and washout. This is better for the
environment.
 Labor associated with production of concrete is eliminated. It
takes more people to operate a standard batch plant than a
Mobile Mix truck.
 · Time required is greatly reduced..

27. Demerits of
RMC
·Generation of additional road traffic; furthermore, access roads,
and site access has to be able to carry the weight of the truck and
load. Concrete is approx. 2.5tonne per m³.
·This problem can be overcome by utilizing so-called 'minimix'
companies, using smaller 4m³ capacity mixers able to access more
restricted sites.
·Concrete's limited time span between mixing and going-off
means that ready-mix should be placed within 10 minutes of
batching at the plant.
·Modern additives modify precisely that time span however, the
amount of additive added to the mix is very important.
 The materials are batched at a central plant, and the mixing begins
at that plant, so the travelling time from the plant to the site is
critical over longer distances. Some sites are just too far away,
though this is usually a commercial rather than technical issue.





28. ACC Concrete - State-of-the-art
ACC Concrete is manufactured at modern fully computerized plants which
have state-of-the-art machinery and equipment by machinery suppliers of
global repute - fully automated Batching Plants, well-equipped laboratories
for testing raw materials and fresh concrete, Transit mixers, Mobile and
stationary pumps capable of discharging concrete at high elevations and
over long distances.
A large fleet of the latest models of Transit Mixers and Concrete Pumps to
suit different terrains and work sites ensures that our customers get timely
and uninterrupted supply of premium quality concrete as per their
requirement as well as its efficient and timely placement at the work site.

29. Quality - the 'Q‘ factor in ACC Concrete
ACC Concrete is supplied in a variety of grades and compositions to meet
specific demands of customized applications - from simple requirements for
small homes to High Performance Concrete to meet the complex needs of
mega projects.
Each of our plants has a fully equipped laboratory with the latest in testing
machines to carry out routine and detailed tests of raw materials as well as
fresh finished concrete. These in-plant laboratories are backed by the
facilities of ACC's reputed Research centre at Thane which serves as a focal
research and testing laboratory centre for cement and concrete.
ACC Concrete customers can avail of a range of options in our testing and
quality control services - from simple tests and analyses of raw materials
and concrete to non-destructive testing of hardened concrete.

30. ACC Concrete - a wide range
• High Strength Concrete
• High Performance Concrete
• Self-leveling Concrete
• Self-compacting Concrete
• Coloured Concrete
• Concrete made with binary and ternary blends of cements
• Early strength Concrete
• Fibre reinforced Concrete

31. ACC Aadhar(column mixes)
AADHAR is designed from high performance additives which minimizes
trapped bubbles or voids inside the concrete and therefore ensure that your
column achieves the required strength within the shortest possible time.
Benefits
Guaranteed 28 days strength, longer life, higher density, minimum voids.
Reduces cost
Avoids slump drop and therefore eliminates need to re tampering at site.
Faster construction. Saves on labor cost.
Allows easy flow of concrete, better pump ability and placement of concrete
Features in product
Higher cementetious content
PCE based Admixtures guarantees higher flow ability with no effect on early
age strength

32. ACC Suraksha(Slab/Roof mixes)
Suraksha is designed with special additives and compounds that make it
comparatively impervious to water and thereby decreases.
Benefits
Longer durability for reinforcements
Reduces maintenance cost over the longer run
Good flexural strength and resistance to cracks caused due to tensile stress
Increases durability
Reduces maintenance
Segregation is avoided and better finishability and compaction is achieved
Improves durability of concrete
Features in product
Contains water proofing chemicals
Small diameter fibers
Contains relatively higher amount of fines

33. ACC Neev(Foundation mixes)
Neev is a designed from carefully chosen aggregates and special grades of
cement.This makes it very cohesive and uniform mix.It is easily pumpable and can be
poured with ease into difficult to reach spots.
It helps in maintaining uniform levels and is very easy to compact.
Benefits
No risk of thermal failure,Minimized thermal cracks due to low heat of hydration
Longer durability of structure
Minimizes water ingress and permeability
Prevents water ingress problems.Enhances durability for reinforcements and the
concrete
Stronger and long lasting foundations.Increases life of structure.
Features in product
Heat generating materials have been replaced with carefully selected materials
contributing similar properties,but with much less heat generation
Contains blend of active pozzolanic material and OPC which has the most efficient
particle packing,thus leaving least room for external chemical attack

34. Research Methodology
Data Sources:
Primary Data
Secondary Data
Primary Data Collection:
Sources from where firsthand information is gathered directly are called primary source
and in-formation thus called primary data. In case of study the primary source are
dealers.
Secondary Data Collection:
Sources of secondary data are internet and company documents. Secondary data is
used to know the concrete industry and the information about the company.
Questionnaire:
Questionnaire consists of questions for dealers, which are of following types:
Dichotomous questions that are of yes / no types.
Multiple Choice questions
Structured questions
Close ended questions
Sampling Method:-
Sampling unit : Individual Dealer
Sampling Method: Random Sampling
Sample Size: 110 dealers
Sampling Plan: Questionnaire and personal interview
Coverage: Kolkata

35. Competitive advantage in the Marketing strategy
of ACC Cements
Rich experience of 80 years in the industry:
Company has rich experience in mining (largest user of limestone). It is
among biggest customers of the domestic coal, Indian railways and Inward &
outward logistic industry. One of the largest cement/concrete manufacturer
/producers in India is playing a pivotal role in bringing revolution in
infrastructure development of the country.
Brand Visibility:
More than 50000 retail outlets, penetration in the rural regions of the country,
the front-runner in CSR activities (Corporate social responsibility) and
becoming part of Lafarge Holcim group (world leader in building materials
industry), has helped the brand in increasing its visibility and awareness in
the country.
Extensive reach:
With its 17 modern cement factories & 50 ready-mixed concrete plants and
10000+ dealers network serviced by 21 sales offices, ACC cement is
reaching out to each and every stratum of the society.

36. BCG MATRIX
• ACC cement has a presence in the product categories such as
Portland cement, Premium Cements, Ready Mixed concrete and bulk
cement.
• All product segments are Stars in the BCG matrix.

37. Distribution strategy in the Marketing strategy of ACC Cements
• To reach each & every part of the nation ACC Cement tying up with
builders, Government organisations and is closely working with its
subsidiaries such as ACC Mineral Resources Limited (AMRL), Bulk Cement
Corporation (India) Limited (BCCI), Lucky Minmat Limited, National
Limestone Company Private Limited and Singhania Minerals Private Limited.
• It has a network of more than 10,000 dealerships points supported by
8000+company’s workforce for pioneering the distribution of Ready Mix
Concrete and Bulk Cement in the industry.
Competitive analysis in the Marketing strategy of ACC Cements
In the highly competitive market, it competes with companies like Ultra tech
cements, Dalmia, Shree cements, prism cements, Ambuja cements and
many others.
Synergies in the supply chain, strong parent company (Holcim) and easy
availability of the products is what helping the company in being
competitively ahead in the industry.

38. Market analysis in the Marketing strategy of ACC Cements
Market in which ACC cements operates is highly competitive due to the
presence of large number of local/ national and international players and is
facing various challenges such as changing life style of people, rising labour
cost, and shrinking margin, political stability, increasing bargaining power of
the supplier and customer, supply chain bottlenecks etc.
Measures to accelerate the Infrastructure development, Macroeconomic
growth and boost in the consumer confidence is helping the industry by &
large.
Customer analysis in the Marketing strategy of ACC Cements
Customers of ACC cements are of Retailers, builders, distributors and retail
customers in the age group of 25-60 years. ACC cements is playing a pivotal
role in penetrating to the rural areas in India through its extensive distribution
network.

39. Snapshots of some dealers meet

40. Snapshot of e-mail communication with
marketing head

41. Suggestions
• Dealers are not showing interest in RMC as company is not providing small
quantity of RMC. So small TM required to supply RMC in that sector.
Transportation is a huge problem as 6 CuM TM is not suitable to supply in
narrow places.
• Dealer’s incentive is too low. So many dealers are not interested to work
with this incentive amount.
• Regular visit of company representative to the dealer’s is very important as
they are still not aware of RMC process.
• Company should organize a meeting with the dealer’s as well as
contractor’s to make them aware about RMC .
• Cost difference is huge in respect of site mixing as a result dealer’s are not
showing any interest to supply the RMC.
• More batching plant is needed in rural area also to supply in those area.

42. CONClUSIO
N:
• The concrete quality produced in ACC RMC plant is highly consistent with low
deviation order.
• It provides a high degree of overall strength of hardened concrete and the
performance of the structure at a later date.
• RMC operations are highly mechanized and fully controlled through electronic
controls and hence reduce the probability of errors in various operations.
• It is also environmentally friendly and brings down pollution due to dust at
construction can also be accelerated with the use of the RMC.
• RMC has gained acceptance in Indian industry due to several advantages
including quality control and overall economy.

43. REFERANCE
s:
• Concrete technology
• www.acclimited.com
•
www.rdcconcrete.com
• www.scribd.com
• www.wikipedia.org/

44. THANK
YOU