The document provides information about ratios, proportions, percentages and solving related word problems. It begins with examples of ratios expressed using fractions and colons. It then discusses how to form and solve proportions using the cross-product method. Steps are provided for finding the missing term in a proportion. Examples of using percentages to calculate discounts and commissions are given. The document concludes with exercises for students to practice forming ratios, proportions and solving word problems involving these concepts.

1. GILBERT G. TURARAY
DALSC
Percentage,
Ratio and Proportion

3. Guess the wordles…

4. What is that word?
Square
Root

5. Guess the word…
x

6. Guess the word…
Multiplication
Table

7. Guess the word…
HIJKLMNO

8. Guess the word…
H O
2

9. Drill/Review
Answer the following.
3. Aling Auring sold 18 out of 24 whole chickens.
What percent of the chickens were sold?
4. A furniture shop was offering a 20% discount on
the items they were selling. If a wooden table
originally costs P2,380.00, what is its discounted
price?

14. A percent means part per hundred or a
hundredth. It is a ratio with 100 as the
second term.
A percentage is the result of finding a
certain percent of a number.

15. A discount is an amount deducted from the price of
a commodity or service. Discounts are usually
given by many stores during some occasions to
encourage customers to buy their products or
acquire their services, since these are offered at
lower prices.
Discount

17. If the dress was originally priced at
P795.00, how much did Aida pay for the
dress if it was offered at a 15% discount?
STEP 1 Write the given information.
a. P795.00 – price of the dress; this
represents the base (B).
b. 15% – discount rate

18. STEP 2 Determine what is asked.
Find the amount that Aida paid for the
dress (the discounted price)

22. Commissions are incentives given by
employers to salespeople for selling products
or services. The more products or services a
salesperson can sell, the more money he or
she will get from commissions.
Commissions

23. Solving Percentage Problems
Let us review the steps on how to solve problems
like these by studying the example given below.
The formula used is:
P = B × r
Where P = percentage
B = base, this represents the whole or original amount.
r = rate, expressed in decimal form.
Dong is a sales agent of an appliance store. His total
sales was P21,400.00 and was given a commission of
8% on all sales. How much was his commission?

24. STEP 1 Write the given information.
a. P21,400.00 – total sales; this represents the
base.
b. 8% – rate
STEP 2 Determine what is asked.
Find how much is Dong’s commission (P).

27. Drill/Review
Answer the following.
3. Aling Auring sold 18 out of 24 whole chickens.
What percent of the chickens were sold?
4. A furniture shop was offering a 20% discount on
the items they were selling. If a wooden table
originally costs P2,380.00, what is its discounted
price?

29. Did you know that…
Water is the most common
chemical compound that makes
up the lakes, rivers and oceans.
A molecule of water contains
2 atoms of hydrogen
and 1 atom of oxygen.

30. Think About this…
What is the importance of
water in our life?
As a pupil, how do you
conserve water at home
and in school?

31. Study this!
Allan the eldest
brother went to the
market to buy
something for
Alice, Remy and
Nena, her three
stunning sisters.
I want to give
these mangoes
to the girls.

32. Answer the following questions…
How many girls are there?
How do you relate the number of
girls to the number of mangoes?
How many mangoes are there?
How many quantities were
compared?
What do you call if we are comparing
two or more quantities?

33. Ratio means…
Ratio- is the
comparison of two
numbers or quantities.

34. Two Ways in Writing Ratio
Using a
colon
Fraction
Form

35. Write ratios Using a colon/ Fraction Form

36. Write ratios Using a colon/ Fraction Form

37. Write ratios Using a colon/ Fraction Form

38. Let’s Have Fun
is to
is to
as
_____
D
C
B
A

39. Read the Problem
Allan bought 6 ripe
mangoes for his three
sisters Alice, Remy and
Nena. How many
mangoes did each
receive?

40. Answer these questions.
How can we express the
number of girls to the number
of mangoes?
How many mangoes
did each receive?
Is 3:6 and 1:2 has the
same value?

41. Draw/Illustrate
How many ratios are there?
Are they equal?
3:6
1:2

42. Cross Product Method
(Cross product method)
3/6 = ½ 3 x 2 = 6, 6 x 1= 6
6=6
3 1
6 2
3 x 2 = 6 x 1
6 = 6

43. Since they are equal…
They can become a
proportion.
What is a
proportion?

44. Proportion
Proportion-
A statement that two
ratios are equal.

45. Form a proportion using this picture.

46. Form a proportion using this picture.

47. Parts of a Proportion
3 : 6 = 1 : 2
extremes
means
1st term 2nd term 3rd term 4th term
What do you observe?

48. How do we form a proportion?
Step 1. Express the
pattern as a proportion.
Step 2. Prove that the
ratios are equal.

49. Observe this equation.
3:6 = 1:n

50. How do we find the missing term in a proportion?
3:6= 1:n
6 x 1 = 3 x n
6 ÷ 3 = n
2 = n or n= 2

51. Formulating the steps
Make the steps on how to
find the missing term in a
proportion. Write your
answer in the chart.

52. Find the missing term in a
proportion
1. Multiply the known
terms.
2. Divide the product by
partner with the
missing term.
The cross
products of
a proportion
are equal.

53. How do we find the missing term in a proportion?
3 kids is to 12
books
1 kid is to n books
3:12= 1: n
12 x 1 = 3 x n
12 ÷ 3 = n
4= n

54. Fixing Skills
Activity 1- Form the ratio of the following
objects.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

55. Fixing Skills
Activity 2- Write the ratio in fraction and
using a colon.
19 8 12 1 16
23 17 14 25 21
_______even
numbers to
odd
numbers
__prime
numbers to
composite
_____number
less than 20
to numbers
greater than
20

56. Fixing Skills
Activity 3-
Which two
ratios form a
proportion?
Check the
blank before
the number of
the two ratios
that form a
proportion and
cross- out that
are not.
__1. 1:2=2:4
__2. 6:5 =30:25
__3. 5:4=10:4
__4. 5:2=10:4
__5. 5:3=9:15

57. Fixing Skills
Activity 4- Solve for n.
1. 5/6= n:18
2. 1/8=7:n
3. 3/10=9:n
4. 9:n=3:4
5. 4:7=n:21

58. Application
Group A- Write a
case/argument that would
convince your classmates that
the pictures below show a
ratio of 3:4.
Group B- Is the ratio of 15 is
to 2 the same as 7 ½ is to 1?
If yes, show the solution.
Group C- Use the colon and
fraction to show ratio and
proportion. Group D- Make a two-
squared figure with the ratio of
4:12. Use the yellow and white
squared tiles.
1. The
ratio of
3 apples
to 15
oranges
.
2.Two
men for
every 3
cups of
rice.
3.) 2 m
to 5
skirts as
6 m to
15 skirts
4.) 8
girls for
every 7
boys
5.) 35
pieces
of shorts
in 3
days

59. Generalization
Group yourselves into two.
Group A will ask questions
then group B will answer it
and vice- versa)

60. Generalization
Let’s play “Pick a
Stick” then tell
something what is
written on it.

61. Evaluation
•Form ratios and a proportion out
of the pictures that follow.
1. First ratio: __________
Second ratio: _________
Proportion: __________

62. Evaluation
2. First ratio: __________
Second ratio: _________
Proportion: __________

63. Evaluation
3. First ratio: __________
Second ratio: _________
Proportion: __________
P100.00
P50.00

64. Evaluation
Complete the table.
Write the following
in:
Fraction
Form
Using a
Colon
4.) 13 eggs to 5 ducks
5.) One math teacher to 134
pupils
6.) 1 District Supervisor to
18 schools
7.) 35 minutes to 4 hours

65. Evaluation
Find the missing term in a
proportion.
8.) 4:5 = ____ : 20
9.) 3:7 = 21 : ____
10.) ____: 120 = 3:5

66. Assignment
 Read the given problems below. Form ratios in fraction
and using a colon. Find the missing term in each
problem. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. Two out of three booths sell rag dolls. If there are 27
booths, how many of these sell rag dolls?
2. For every eight children, 10 pieces of fried chicken
are ordered. How many pieces of fried chicken will be
ordered for 32 children?

68. Strategies
Cooperative Learning
Brainstorming
Power Point Presentation
Charts/Graphic Organizer

69. Mr. Herminio Jose C. CatudEPS, Elem. Math.
There is no single best way to teach
math, but research shows that using
manipulative in conjunction with other
methods can deepen students’
understanding of abstract concepts.
Appropriate use of manipulative should
be one component of a comprehensive
mathematics curriculum.

70. www.themegallery.com