Ransomware is a type of malware that prevents or
restricts user from accessing their system, either by locking the
system's screen or by locking the users' files in the system unless
a ransom is paid. More modern ransomware families,
individually categorize as crypto-ransomware, encrypt certain
file types on infected systems and forces users to pay the ransom
through online payment methods to get a decrypt key. The
analysis shows that there has been a significant improvement in
encryption techniques used by ransomware. The careful analysis
of ransomware behavior can produce an effective detection
system that significantly reduces the amount of victim data loss.
Abstract—Malware or malicious software are exist everywhere
internet or locally. This paper present a category of malware which cybercriminals (hacker, cracker) currently using for monetizing around the world via internet. Ransomware is the name of this category of malware and it has a variety of families inside it. There are two famous basic types crypto ransomware and locker ransomware. Crypto ransomware usually encrypt personal files of the victims with different cryptography algorithms according how crypto ransomware is designed. These cryptographic alogorithm might be symmetric (single key) or asymmetric (double key, public key). The second type of ransomware lock the victim device (personal computer, mobile device, etc) and prevent the user from accessing it. The countermeasures how to keep secure and safe our systems or
network against this dangerous type of malware will be discuss
also.
Dyre: Emerging Threat on Financial Fraud LandscapeSymantec
A significant upsurge in activity over the past year has seen Dyre emerge as one of the most dangerous financial Trojans, capable of defrauding customers of a wide range of financial institutions across multiple countries.
Dyre is a highly developed piece of malware, capable of hijacking all three major web browsers and intercepting internet banking sessions in order to harvest the victim’s credentials and send them to the attackers.
Dyre is a multi-pronged threat and is often used to download additional malware on to the victim’s computer. In many cases, the victim is added to a botnet which is then used to send out thousands of spam emails in order to spread the threat further afield.
5 Ways to Protect Your Healthcare Organization from a Ransomware Attack - HIM...ClearDATACloud
Sophisticated ransomware attacks on healthcare organizations by ruthless cybercriminals are on the rise. Savvy HIT leaders are taking immediate action to protect their IT systems and data. During this webinar you’ll gain insight into the 5 most important precautions that healthcare providers should take and what steps should be followed in event your system is compromised to minimize the impact on patient care and restore your systems as quickly as possible.
In this presentation you’ll learn:
- 5 most important ways to protect your organizations from a ransomware attack
- What steps to take in the event your system is compromised by a ransomware attack
Link to On-Demand Webinar: https://www.cleardata.com/knowledge-hub/5-ways-to-protect-your-healthcare-organization-from-a-ransomware-attack/
Abstract—Malware or malicious software are exist everywhere
internet or locally. This paper present a category of malware which cybercriminals (hacker, cracker) currently using for monetizing around the world via internet. Ransomware is the name of this category of malware and it has a variety of families inside it. There are two famous basic types crypto ransomware and locker ransomware. Crypto ransomware usually encrypt personal files of the victims with different cryptography algorithms according how crypto ransomware is designed. These cryptographic alogorithm might be symmetric (single key) or asymmetric (double key, public key). The second type of ransomware lock the victim device (personal computer, mobile device, etc) and prevent the user from accessing it. The countermeasures how to keep secure and safe our systems or
network against this dangerous type of malware will be discuss
also.
Dyre: Emerging Threat on Financial Fraud LandscapeSymantec
A significant upsurge in activity over the past year has seen Dyre emerge as one of the most dangerous financial Trojans, capable of defrauding customers of a wide range of financial institutions across multiple countries.
Dyre is a highly developed piece of malware, capable of hijacking all three major web browsers and intercepting internet banking sessions in order to harvest the victim’s credentials and send them to the attackers.
Dyre is a multi-pronged threat and is often used to download additional malware on to the victim’s computer. In many cases, the victim is added to a botnet which is then used to send out thousands of spam emails in order to spread the threat further afield.
5 Ways to Protect Your Healthcare Organization from a Ransomware Attack - HIM...ClearDATACloud
Sophisticated ransomware attacks on healthcare organizations by ruthless cybercriminals are on the rise. Savvy HIT leaders are taking immediate action to protect their IT systems and data. During this webinar you’ll gain insight into the 5 most important precautions that healthcare providers should take and what steps should be followed in event your system is compromised to minimize the impact on patient care and restore your systems as quickly as possible.
In this presentation you’ll learn:
- 5 most important ways to protect your organizations from a ransomware attack
- What steps to take in the event your system is compromised by a ransomware attack
Link to On-Demand Webinar: https://www.cleardata.com/knowledge-hub/5-ways-to-protect-your-healthcare-organization-from-a-ransomware-attack/
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that blocks access to data or threatens to publish it until a ransom is paid. Simple ransomware may lock the system in a way which is not difficult for a knowledgeable person to reverse. More advanced malware uses a technique called cryptoviral extortion, in which it encrypts the victim's files, making them inaccessible, and demands a ransom payment to decrypt them and ransomware attacks 2017
Recent ransomware cyberattack on a major oil pipeline caused gas prices to surge and gas stations in multiple states to experience shortages due to a several-day outage resulting from the attack.
Patents are a good information resource for obtaining the state of the art of AI technology innovations for defending against the ransomware attacks. Patent information can provide many valuable insights that can be exploited for developing and implementing new technologies. Patents can also be exploited to identify new product/service development opportunities.
After massive hit of ransomware WannaCry. Check the basics of ransomware, protection and prevention tips. Find out history of ransomeware, spreading method, prevention tips in detail.
Ransomware is targeted at user workstations and often uses social engineering to get the user to initiate the ransomware. System/network administrators and developers are targeted using polluted utilities.
Find out more at https://www.osirium.com
In the last nine months, crypto-mining malware and crypto-jacking have taken center stage in cybercrime news. We’ll discuss the most recent events and see how this links to ransomware, which dominated the cybercrime news last year, where one outbreak cost seven companies over one billion dollars.
Both crypto-mining malware and ransomware, aside from gathering headlines, demonstrate that cybercriminals and nation state actors are building capabilities for worming malware that could have the ability to do far greater damage than has yet been seen.
Come to this talk, learn what’s been going on, where it’s likely going, and how to avoid being a victim of a headline-generating event.
Common Cyberthreats and How to Prevent Them (2019)Evan Clark
The security team at Twinstate Technologies compiled a list of the most prevalent cyberthreats from 2018 that will continue to be a problem in 2019. Included are prevention tips for each threat.
Download the eBook: https://web.twinstate.com/resources/ebooks/common-cyber-threats
Ransomware- A reality check (Part 1).pptxInfosectrain3
Ransomware is the type of malicious software or malware that prevents you from accessing your files, networks, or systems. They demand a ransom amount to get your access back.
Ransomware is a PC or Mac-based malicious piece of software that encrypts a user or company’s files and forces them to pay a fee to the hacker in order to regain access to their own files.
Not only can ransomware encrypt the files on your computer; the software is smart enough to travel across your network and encrypt any files located on shared network drives. This can lead to a catastrophic situation whereby one infected user can bring an entire company to a halt.
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that blocks access to data or threatens to publish it until a ransom is paid. Simple ransomware may lock the system in a way which is not difficult for a knowledgeable person to reverse. More advanced malware uses a technique called cryptoviral extortion, in which it encrypts the victim's files, making them inaccessible, and demands a ransom payment to decrypt them and ransomware attacks 2017
Recent ransomware cyberattack on a major oil pipeline caused gas prices to surge and gas stations in multiple states to experience shortages due to a several-day outage resulting from the attack.
Patents are a good information resource for obtaining the state of the art of AI technology innovations for defending against the ransomware attacks. Patent information can provide many valuable insights that can be exploited for developing and implementing new technologies. Patents can also be exploited to identify new product/service development opportunities.
After massive hit of ransomware WannaCry. Check the basics of ransomware, protection and prevention tips. Find out history of ransomeware, spreading method, prevention tips in detail.
Ransomware is targeted at user workstations and often uses social engineering to get the user to initiate the ransomware. System/network administrators and developers are targeted using polluted utilities.
Find out more at https://www.osirium.com
In the last nine months, crypto-mining malware and crypto-jacking have taken center stage in cybercrime news. We’ll discuss the most recent events and see how this links to ransomware, which dominated the cybercrime news last year, where one outbreak cost seven companies over one billion dollars.
Both crypto-mining malware and ransomware, aside from gathering headlines, demonstrate that cybercriminals and nation state actors are building capabilities for worming malware that could have the ability to do far greater damage than has yet been seen.
Come to this talk, learn what’s been going on, where it’s likely going, and how to avoid being a victim of a headline-generating event.
Common Cyberthreats and How to Prevent Them (2019)Evan Clark
The security team at Twinstate Technologies compiled a list of the most prevalent cyberthreats from 2018 that will continue to be a problem in 2019. Included are prevention tips for each threat.
Download the eBook: https://web.twinstate.com/resources/ebooks/common-cyber-threats
Ransomware- A reality check (Part 1).pptxInfosectrain3
Ransomware is the type of malicious software or malware that prevents you from accessing your files, networks, or systems. They demand a ransom amount to get your access back.
Ransomware is a PC or Mac-based malicious piece of software that encrypts a user or company’s files and forces them to pay a fee to the hacker in order to regain access to their own files.
Not only can ransomware encrypt the files on your computer; the software is smart enough to travel across your network and encrypt any files located on shared network drives. This can lead to a catastrophic situation whereby one infected user can bring an entire company to a halt.
Never before in the history of human kind have people across the world been subjected to extortion on a massive scale as they are today. In recent years, personal use of computers and the internet has exploded and, along with this massive growth, cybercriminals have emerged to feed off this burgeoning market, targeting innocent users with a wide range of malware. The vast majority of these threats are aimed at directly or indirectly making money from the victims. Today, ransomware has emerged as one of the most troublesome malware categories of our time.
There are two basic types of ransomware in circulation. The most common type today is crypto ransomware, which aims to encrypt personal data and files. The other, known as locker ransomware, is designed to lock the computer, preventing victims from using it. In this research, we will take a look at how the ransomware types work, not just from a technological point of view but also from a psychological viewpoint. We will also look at how these threats evolved, what factors are at play to make ransomware the major problem that it is today, and where ransomware is likely to surface next.
This presentation is about Ransomware. It tells you about how ransomware creates problem and how it can be removed. It also describes different types of Ransomware.
Training on July 16, 2017.
This training is the compressed version of Malware Engineering & Crafting.
In this training, we will talk about malware as well as crafting the simple working malware. The goal of this session is to understanding malware internal so one can have tactics to combat it.
Computer security is the process of preventing and detecting unauthorized use of our computer. Prevention measures help us to stop unauthorized users from accessing any part of your computer system. Detection helps us to determine whether or not someone attempted to break into the system, if they were successful, and what they may have done.
malware, types of malware, virus, trojans, worm, rootkit, ransomware, malware protection, malware protection laws India, how malware works, history of malware
Ransomware and email security ver - 1.3Denise Bailey
This webinar will provide a detail of Ransomware, it’s effect and preventive measures.
Key Takeaways:
o How we can be protected from Ransomware attacks.
o What are the best practices, which can be followed to prevent Ransomware attacks.
About Speaker : Suprakash Guha | Deputy General Manager at Lumina Datamatics
The infamous Mallox is the digital Robin Hoods of our time, except they steal from everyone and give to themselves. Since mid-2021, they've been playing hide and seek with unsecured Microsoft SQL servers, encrypting data, and then graciously offering to give it back for a modest Bitcoin donation.
Mallox decided to go shopping for new malware toys, adding the Remcos RAT, BatCloak, and a sprinkle of Metasploit to their collection. They're now playing a game of "Catch me if you can" with antivirus software, using their FUD obfuscator packers to turn their ransomware into the digital equivalent of a ninja.
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This document provides a analysis of the Target Company ransomware group, also known as Smallpox, which has been rapidly evolving since its first identification in June 2021.
The analysis delves into various aspects of the group's operations, including its distinctive practice of appending targeted organizations' names to encrypted files, the evolution of its encryption algorithms, and its tactics for establishing persistence and evading defenses.
The insights gained from this analysis are crucial for informing defense strategies and enhancing preparedness against such evolving cyber threats.
Similar to A Comprehensive Survey: Ransomware Attacks Prevention, Monitoring and Damage Control (20)
Teacher’s Accomplishment Level of The Components of an E-Learning Module: A B...RSIS International
This study determined the extent to which teachers in a private institution in La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines have accomplished the essential components of an E-learning module, and identified the factors that influenced their level of accomplishment of these components. This study used mixed method explanatory sequential design. Total enumeration was used to determine the population of respondents who were full-time tertiary teachers. Out of the thirty-six full-time teachers, twenty-eight teachers responded and answered the self-assessment survey questionnaire for the quantitative phase, while seven of them who were selected using purposive sampling were interviewed for the qualitative part. Descriptive statistics using weighted mean was used to analyze quantitative data while descriptive approach using thematic analysis for the qualitative data. Quantitative descriptive analysis revealed that the teachers’ overall accomplishment level of the criteria for a quality E-learning module is partial/moderate (2.68 overall weighted mean/WM). Specifically, the teachers partially accomplished the following components of the E-learning module: instructional design (2.84 WM); communication, interaction, and collaboration (2.85 WM); student evaluation and assessment (2.89 WM); instructional materials and technologies (2.75 WM); and accessibility (2.66 WM) while slightly accomplished the components: learner support and resources (2.21 WM), and course evaluation (2.24 WM). For the qualitative descriptive inquiry, absence of capacity-building training in making E-learning module; lack of awareness of the school services, learner support, and resources sites; lack of time; lack of systemic approach to developing an online module; non-consistency of instructions; and amotivation and lack of enthusiasm emerged as factors that influence the teachers’ level of accomplishment of the parts of an E-learning module. The results show that the E-learning modules have fallen short of strict quality standards attributable to certain dire circumstances. This study thus recommends that the institution may adopt or develop its online module criteria to guide the teachers as well as the institution in writing or designing their online modules, and may conduct training in E-module design for teachers.
Development Administration and the Challenges of Neo-liberal Reforms in the E...RSIS International
The quest of every nation state is to attract, sustain and fast-track growth and development in all ramifications. The Nigerian state between 1960 and 2020 has experienced an unabated expansion of universities. Ironically, the war against illiteracy is yet to be won, despite the experimentation of different western developmental ideologies in the Nigerian educational system. The study examined the contributions of development administration in the Nigerian educational sector as well as ascertained if the current neo-liberal reform has aided the expansion or retrogression of the educational sector most especially, the university sub-sector in Nigeria. The theoretical framework of the study was anchored on the post-colonial Nigerian state theory. Methodologically, the study strictly utilized the documentary method and data were sourced through the secondary sources and analyzed in content. The study found that the experimentation of western development ideologies in Nigeria actually aided the expansion of the universities but undermined the realization of free, quality and accessible university education for all and sundry. The study recommended among others: the applications of the action plan of Professor Okonjo as regards creating a universal tertiary education for all Nigerians and sustainably financing it.
The Nexus of Street Trading and Juvenile Delinquency: A Study of Chanchaga Lo...RSIS International
I. INTRODUCTION
Globally, the number of working children has been decreasing around the world in recent years, but child labour has continued to be a widespread problem today, especially in developing countries (Paola, Viviana, Flavia & Furio2007). International Programme on Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC 2016) reported that between 2012 to 2016, about 182 million children in the developing world aged 5-14 years were engaged in work. Against this background, governments, international organizations, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have focused their efforts on tackling in particular the worst forms of child labour such as forced and bonded labour, which put children in physically and mentally harmful working conditions (Bunnak 2007).
Determination of Bacteriological and Physiochemical Properties of Som-Breiro ...RSIS International
The study seeks to examine the Bacteriological and
physiochemical properties of Sambrero River in Ahoada East
Local Government Area of Rivers State. Three (3) points were
sampled from different locations designated as location (L1)
location (L2) and location (L3) respectively, samples were
collected in 0.1m of Sterile containers and were transported to
the laboratory for immediate analysis. Ten (10) physiochemical,
three (3) heavy metal sand three microbiological parameters
were observed. Data was analyzed using standard methods
(ALPHA, 1998) 20th edition and Ms-Excel version 2013 software.
The result showed little variation in physiochemical parameters
which are in line with World Health Organization (WHO)
standard of potable water but shows much variation in
microbiological parameters which are not in line with WHO
standard, thereby making the water not wholesome and not
potable for consumption except after proper treatment of the
water. The work therefore recommends that members of Ekpena
Community should ensure basic water treatment such as boiling
and chlorination before consumption.
Power and Delay Analysis of Logic Circuits Using Reversible GatesRSIS International
This paper determines the propagation delay and on
chip power consumed by each basic and universal gates and
basic arithmetic functions designed using existing reversible
gates through VHDL. Hence a designer can choose the best
reversible gates to use for any logic circuit design. The paper
does a look up table analysis of truth tables of the reversible
gates to find the occurrence of the AND OR, NAND, NOR and
basic arithmetic functions, useful to build complex combinational
digital logic circuits.
Innovative ICT Solutions and Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Area Such ...RSIS International
The use of internet and information communication
technology (ICT) infrastructures is an essential aspect of
learning, this is why a lot of information on entrepreneurship
career choices are available online. However, the emerging
growth in the use of information and communication
technologies and services towards entrepreneurship development
is a challenge for efficient information dissemination and
learning especially in rural areas. This paper pointed out an area
in which MCIU can use Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) resources/infrastructure it possess for
entrepreneurship development and poverty alleviation in its
community. Thereby, encouraging social and economic growth,
and overcome the gap between urban and rural areas
entrepreneurship development. An online learning platform,
using video may contribute greatly in rural entrepreneurship
development such as MCIU community. Some examples of some
programmes like learning make over, headgear tying, bead
making, cake designing, etc online for a period of 4 to 6weeks
Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge and the Sustenance of Local Livelihood Stra...RSIS International
Natural disasters in most parts of the world have
resorted to many fatalities, forced migration and involuntary
resettlement of the affected population. Lake Nyos Gas Disaster
of 1986 which killed about 1,746 people and led to forced
migration of over 15,000 affected people and the subsequent
resettlement of survivors in resettlement camps in near by
administrative sub-divisions in the North West Region of
Cameroon is one of such natural catastrophies. The paper
evaluates the use of Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge (IAK) in
agriculture and how it has helped to sustain the livelihood of this
environmentally traumatized resettled population. The study
sampled two of these resettlement villages (Buabua and Kimbi)
to access Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge (IAK) and the
sustenance of local livelihood strategies. Field campaigns
including the administration of semi-structured questionnaires
and focus group discussions (FGDs) facilitated the collection of
data on IAK practices and how this knowledge helps in
sustaining local livelihoods. A total of 24 Indigenous Agricultural
Knowledge (IAK) were identified, with 54.16% of them used in
crop cultivation, and 45.83% in livestock farming including the
raising of small ruminants, poultry and piggery production. IAK
shows successful results after being applied as there is increased
crop and livestock yields. The use of IAK in agriculture has led
to sustainable and efficient land use within the study area.
Despite the rising use of IAK and potential benefits in
agriculture and the sustenance of local livelihoods in Buabua and
Kimbi, survivors still express a strong desire to return to the
former disaster zone. The underlying reasons behind this phobia
is mainly small land sizes ranging from 30-50 square metres that
were allocated to households for both crop cultivation and
grazing, and the fact that the limits between grazing and crop
land are not clearly demarcated. Prospects for agricultural
expansion within the area are therefore slim and need to be
addressed
Wireless radio signal drop due to foliage in illuba bore zone ethiopiaRSIS International
The exponential growth in energy utilization &
consumption in cellular network by the user devices and by
telecom equipment has imposed critical problemsbecause of
adaptation of high range frequency in available spectrum (Ultra
High Frequency-UHF) by government and technology.The other
reason for more power consumption is extensive applications of
mobile data services to video streaming, surveillance, internet
surfing and healthcare monitoring.Other important causes of
energy consumption which has been recognized are powerhungry
processors, poor design of power amplifiers etc. Presence
of different species of foliage in hilly area increases signal
attenuation, consequently in order to maintain the threshold
value of signal, the power is increased. The recent researches
predict that the data traffic is being increased by several-fold
every year. Under such predictions, energy expenditure at its
control is a major challenging task for telecom companies and
for research communities. This paper studies the actual signal
intensity drop because of irregular nature of terrestrial pattern
and foliage in Illuba Bore zone, from theoretical perspective as
well as practical point of view.
The Bridging Process: Filipino Teachers’ View on Mother TongueRSIS International
This paper recognized that teachers play the main
element in the success of the new language policy, the Mother
Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in the
Philippines. Their views as implementer on this approach are
essential in the attainment of the MTB-MLE objectives. In this
descriptive paper, the authors report a comprehensive account of
the 35 teachers’ perception on the efficiency and effectiveness of
MTB approach in teaching at Malvar Central School, Batangas,
Philippines for the school year 2016-2017. Using adopted
questionnaire, needed data were gathered and statistically
treated. The study found out that the respondents moderately
perceived mother tongue- based approach as effective and
efficient in achieving learning goals. The implications of these
findings are discussed within the theoretical and practical issues
surrounding the use of mother tongue-based in the Philippines
Optimization of tungsten inert gas welding on 6063 aluminum alloy on taguchi ...RSIS International
In this paper, the Taguchi method is used for the
Optimization of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding on 6063
Aluminum Alloy. The Taguchi method L27 is used to
optimize the pulsed TIG welding process parameters of 6063
aluminum alloy weldments for maximizing the mechanical
properties. Analysis of Variance is used to find the impact of
individual factors. Then the optimal parameters of the TIG
welding process is determined and the experimental results
illustrate the proposed approach.
Investigation of mechanical properties of carbidic ductile cast ironRSIS International
The objective of the present work is to increase the wear resistance for long life of applications. It is found that increase in the carbides in an alloy which resulted in to enhancement in hardness and wear resistance. The wear resistance was evaluated by testing in accordance with ASTE International Committee G-99 Standard. An improved performance of wear resistanceis obtained by increasing the content of chromium in the carbidic ductile cast iron. The results are discussed based on the influence of chromium content on the casting.
Six Sigma Methods and Formulas for Successful Quality ManagementRSIS International
This paper is about the five phases of Six Sigma which are Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve& Control. The methods used in each phase are discussed in detail and the various tests used in Analyze Phase of Six Sigma are given; Six Sigma can be implemented in an organization by using the methods and formulas used in each phase combined with the help of Statistical Software Minitab 18.
Task Performance Analysis in Virtual Cloud EnvironmentRSIS International
Cloud computing based applications are beneficial for
businesses of all sizes and industries as they don’t have to invest
a huge amount on initial setup. This way, businesses can opt for
Cloud services and can implement innovative ideas. But
evaluating the performance of provisioning (e.g. CPU scheduling
and resource allocation) policies in a real Cloud computing
environment for different application techniques is challenging
because clouds show dynamic demands, workloads, supply
patterns, VM sizes, and resources (hardware, software, and
network). User’s requests and services requirements are
heterogeneous and dynamic. Applications models have
unpredictable performance, workloads, and dynamic scaling
requirements. So a demand for a Simulation toolkit for Cloud is
there. Cloudsim is self-contained simulation framework that
provides simulation and modeling of Cloud-based application in
lesser time with lesser efforts. In this paper we tried to simulate
the task performance of a cloudlet using one data center, one
VM. We also developed a Graphical User Interface to
dynamically change the simulation parameters and show
simulation results.
Design and Fabrication of Manually Operated Wood Sawing Machine: Save Electri...RSIS International
In India power cut is big problem also having many
remote places where electricity not reached and that will affect
many small scale business and ongoing work, like Carpentry,
ongoing work got stop because of power cut. To overcome this
problem manually operated economical; conceptual model of a
machine which would be capable of performing different
operation like sawing/cutting and grinding without use of power
i.e. wood working machine is introduced.
In this paper, design concept and fabrication of manually
operated wood sawing/cutting machine is explained. It is
designed and fabricated so portable that it can be move and used
at various places. It is used for sawing/cutting of wood, plywood,
thin metals (<=2mm), and pvc pipes. The material can be cut
without any external energy like fuel or current. As machine uses
no electric power and fuel, this will help to maintain green
environment. The observations show that power required for
pedaling is well below the capacity of an average healthy human
being.
Effect of Surface Treatment on Settlement of Coir Mat Reinforced SandRSIS International
Employment in rural areas is generated when byproduct
from the natural materials is used in construction
industry. The extent of usage of coir fibres in construction
industry is restricted by the fact that it is biodegradable. Though
use of natural materials such as coir fibers is well established. In
this view, the objective the present study is to surface treat the
coir mats, making it hydrophobic. Model footing tests using
model footing of 50mm diameter resting on Surface treated coir
mat of different opening size were conducted. The results
indicate that the surface treatment of coir products is beneficial
in increasing the strength of reinforced soil when compared with
untreated coir mats
Augmentation of Customer’s Profile Dataset Using Genetic AlgorithmRSIS International
Data is the lifeblood of all type of business. Clean,
accurate and complete data is the prerequisite for the decisionmaking
in business process. Data is one of the most valuable
assets for any organization. It is immensely important that the
business focus on the quality of their data as it can help in
increasing the business performance by improving efficiencies,
streamlining operations and consolidating data sources. Good
quality data helps to improve and simplify processes, eliminate
time-consuming rework and externally to enhance a user’s
experience, further translating it to significant financial and
operational benefits [1] [2]. All organizations/ businesses strive to
retain their existing customers and gain new ones. Accurate data
enables the business to improve the customer experience. Data
augmentation adds value to base data by enhancing information
derived from the existing source. Data augmentation can help
reduce the manual intervention required to develop meaningful
information and insight of business data, as well as significantly
enhance data quality. Hence the business can provide unique
customer experience and deliver above and beyond their
expectations. The Data Augmentation is immensely important as
it helps in improving the overall productivity of the business. It
is also important in making the most accurate and relevant
information available quickly for decision making.
This work focuses on augmentation of the customer
dataset using Genetic Algorithm(GA). These augmented data are
used for the purpose of customer behavioral analysis. The data
set consists of the different factors inherent in each situation of
the customer to understand the market strategy. This behavioral
data is used in the earlier work of analyzing the data [13]. It is
found that collecting a very large amount of such data manually
is a very cumbersome process. It is inferred from the earlier
work [13] that the more number of data may give accurate
result. Hence it is decided to enrich the dataset by using Genetic
Algorithm.
System Development for Verification of General Purpose Input OutputRSIS International
In SoC no. of IP block inside it depends upon specific
application, increase in the Ip block increases no. of digital
control lines causes increase in the size of the chip. GPIO helps
internal IP blocks to share digital control lines using MUX and
avoids additional circuitry. Since design productivity cannot
follow the pace of nanoelectronics technology innovation, it has
been required to develop various design methodologies to
overcome this gap. In system level design, various design
methodologies such as IP reuse, automation of platform
integration and verification process have been proposed. GPIO
configuration register decides in which mode system has to work
GPIO has four modes i.e input, output, functional, interrupt. As
per operation particular mode is selected and the operation get
performed. Devices with pin scarcity like integrated circuits such
as system-on-a-chip, embedded and custom hardware, and
programmable logic devices cannot compromise with size can
perform well without additional digital control line circuitry.
De-noising of Fetal ECG for Fetal Heart Rate Calculation and Variability Anal...RSIS International
Fetal monitoring is the way of checking the condition
of unborn baby during labor and delivery by continuously
monitoring his or her heart rate. A normal fetal heart rate (FHR)
can reassure safe birth of the baby. Fetal monitoring techniques
are broadly classified into invasive and non-invasive techniques.
Non-invasive techniques are involves monitoring the fetus
through mother’s abdominal region. This can be done in all
gestation weeks and during the delivery also. Abdominal ECG
(AECG) is a composite ECG signal containing both mother’s as
well as fetal ECG. This paper presents an efficient technique to
extract FECG from abdominal ECG. A modified Pan Tompkin’s
method is employed for the QRS detection. It involves series of
filters and methods like band pass filter, derivative filter,
squaring, integration and adaptive thresholding. Further heart
rate of fetus and mother is calculated and heart rate variability
analysis is done using detected R-peaks. The algorithm is tested
on 5 different non-invasively recorded abdominal and direct
FECG signals taken from MIT PhysioNet database and the
results are obtained using MATLAB software. The performance
of the QRS detector is evaluated using parameters like
Sensitivity and Positive Prediction.
A finite element modelling of composite plate with
integrated piezoelectric layers, acting as sensor/actuator, for
active vibration control is presented in this paper. The
displacement feedback (DF) and direct velocity feedback (DVF)
controls are integrated into the FE software ANSYS to perform
closed loop analysis for vibration control. A smart laminated
composite beam with different layup configurations under free
and forced vibration condition is studied and the results shows
suppression of vibration achieved successfully in both DF and
DVF controls.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
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Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
A Comprehensive Survey: Ransomware Attacks Prevention, Monitoring and Damage Control
1. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume IV, Issue VIS, June 2017 | ISSN 2321–2705
www.rsisinternational.org Page 116
A Comprehensive Survey: Ransomware Attacks
Prevention, Monitoring and Damage Control
Jinal P. Tailor Ashish D. Patel
Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology
Shri S’ad Vidya Mandal Institute of Technology Shri S’ad Vidya Mandal Institute of Technology
Bharuch, Gujarat, India Bharuch, Gujarat, India
Abstract – Ransomware is a type of malware that prevents or
restricts user from accessing their system, either by locking the
system's screen or by locking the users' files in the system unless
a ransom is paid. More modern ransomware families,
individually categorize as crypto-ransomware, encrypt certain
file types on infected systems and forces users to pay the ransom
through online payment methods to get a decrypt key. The
analysis shows that there has been a significant improvement in
encryption techniques used by ransomware. The careful analysis
of ransomware behavior can produce an effective detection
system that significantly reduces the amount of victim data loss.
Index Terms – Ransomware attack, Security, Detection,
Prevention.
I. INTRODUCTION
ansomware is a type of malware that uses malicious code
that infects a computer and spreads rapidly to encrypt the
data or to lock the machine. This malware makes the data
inaccessible to the users and the attackers demand payment
from the user to have their files unencrypted and accessible.
The payment is often requested in Bitcoin (is a cryptocurrency
and a payment system) or other invisible currency. Businesses
and individuals worldwide are currently under attack by
ransomware[1]. Ransomware victimize internet users by
hijacking user files, encrypting them, and then demanding
payment in exchange for the decryption key[2]. Some most
common methods used by cybercriminals to spread
ransomware are Spam email campaigns that contain malicious
links or attachments; Internet traffic redirects to malicious
websites; Drive-by downloads, etc.
Some security applications detect ransomware based on its
activity such as File System Activities, Registry Activities,
Device control Communications, Network Activity, and
Locking mechanism[1]. Security firms are consistently
developing and releasing anti-ransomware application and
decryption tools in response to the threat. However, solutions
may not always be present because some encryption is too
difficult to break without the decryption key[3]. In the event
of an attack, organizations can minimize damage if they can
detect the malware early. Business and individuals worldwide
are currently under attack by ransomware. The main purpose
of ransomware is to maximize the monetization using
malware[1]. It has started doing more than just displaying
advertisements, blocking service, disable keyboard or spying
on user activities. It locks the system or encrypts the data
leaving victims unable to help to make a payment and
sometimes it also threatens the user to expose sensitive
information to the public if payment is not done[1].
In case of windows, from figure 1 it shown that there are
some main stages that every crypto family goes through. Each
variant gets into victim’s machine via any malicious website,
email attachment or any malicious link and progress from
there.
Fig. 1. Life cycle of Windows based Ransomware
R
2. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume IV, Issue VIS, June 2017 | ISSN 2321–2705
www.rsisinternational.org Page 117
Once the victim’s machine gets infected, it contacts
Command and Control server. A command and control server
is the centralized computer that issues commands to a botnet
(a network of private computers infected with malicious
software and controlled as a group without the owners'
knowledge or zombie army) and receives reports back from
the computers. Command and control servers may be either
directly controlled by the malware operators, or themselves
run on hardware compromised by malware. It sends victim’s
machine information to the attacker and ultimately obtains a
randomly generated symmetric key from the server.
Once it receives the encryption key, then it looks for specific
files and folders to encrypt. Some variants look for all disk
drives, network share and removable drives as well for
encrypting their data. Meanwhile, the malware deletes all the
restore points, backup folders, and shadow volume copies[1].
After the entire encryption process, it will display the ransom
payment message on victim’s machine. In the case of locker
ransomware, malware goes throughout all the same phases but
it doesn’t do encryption of data. Once the victim’s machine is
infected with locker ransomware, it takes organizational rights
and takes control of the keyboard. It locks the user access to
the device. It changes the desktop wallpaper or it will show a
window which notify about ransomware attack and show the
steps to follow in order to get their access back[1].
Ransomware is essentially just an encryption tool that safely
packs away your files into an unreadable format.
Unfortunately, only the hacker knows the decryption key. As
some observers have noted, however, these particular hackers
tend to be fairly honorable about giving you the key provided
you pay some “fee” for their time and trouble, often in
Bitcoin. This business model, as immoral as4 it may be, has a
certain logic to it: keep the payments small enough to be
worth avoiding the hassles of losing files or trying to resolve
the matter through other means, and keep victims reassured
that paying up will get them their data back[2].
The reminder of this paper is organized as follows: in section
II related work is included with literature survey and section
III consists of detection and prevention of ransomware and
section IV consist final conclusion of paper.
II. RELATED WORK
A. Ransomware Evolution
In this section includes the year vise evolution of the
ransomware attacks. The earliest Windows ransomware
started to spread in 1989 and since then it has been present till
now but has changed notably since then. The first ransomware
attack was PC Cyborg attack, which was seen in December
1989. Its payload hides the files on the hard drive and
encrypted their names, and displayed a message claiming that
the user's license to use a certain piece of software had
expired. The user was asked to pay US$189 to "PC Cyborg
Corporation" in order to obtain a repair tool. It was the first
crypto form ransomware as it used the combination of a
symmetric key and an initialization vector to encrypt the files
present in the computer drives[1].
The first fake antivirus ransomware appear in 2004 and then
in 2005 the series of fake antivirus ransomware types seen.
Some of these were named as Spysherriff, Performance
Optimizer, and Registry care[1]. In 2005, the PGPcoder
family started growing and this visibly indicates the era of
crypto ransomware. Gpcode used custom encryption method
for encryption of data. PGPcoder spread wildly till 2008 as we
can see many variants. In 2006, two other families started
spreading, these are Cryzip and Archiveus. Cryzip searched
for files with selected extensions, and then located these
encrypted files in a zipped folder. Archiveus placed all the
files in a password protected folder[1].
Fig. 2. Timeline for Windows based ransomware
MBR (Master Boot Record is the information in the first
segment of any hard disk that identifies how and where an
operating system is placed so that it can be loaded into the
computer's main storage or random access memory).
Ransomware came into continuation in 2010, the first variant
that we came across was Trojan- Ransom.Boot.Seftad.a, and
in 2011 bootlock B out. This type of ransomware replaces the
original MBR with its own code and then locks the user from
3. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume IV, Issue VIS, June 2017 | ISSN 2321–2705
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accessing its services. It not at all encrypts file and displays
the ransom message at computer boot-up time[1].
Fake Antivirus (Fake AV is detection for Trojan horse
programs that intentionally misrepresent the security status of
a computer) was increase in the natural in 2004. It became
significant in 2005 when it tried to take the form of Fake
Antivirus solution, Performance Optimizer software and
Registry care software, which tried to offer paid solutions for
your machine problems which didn’t even existed. It was
surfaced over the internet till 2008[1].
Fake FBI(Federal Bureau of Investigation) ransomware out in
2011 with the Ransom lock family. Later in 2012, families
like Reveton and ACCDFISA started spreading in-the-wild.
These families display the fine payment notice from official
looking local law enforcement agencies. Later, many variants
of Ransom lock and Reveton came in 2013. In 2014, new
locker families like Virlock, Kovter and few new variants of
Ransom lock arrived[1].
Crypto ransomware became a vast problem in 2013, it came
back with Cryptolocker, Cryptolocker 2, Ransomcrypt,
Crilock and Dirty Decrypt. Later in 2015, a new variants of
Ransomcrypt, Crypto locker, Vaultcrypt, Crypto
Fortress,Troldesh, TelsaCrypt, CryptoTor Locker, Cryptowall
4. Cryptowall 3 uses Tor anonymity network for C & C
communication. Nearly all recent crypto ransomware families
are using very sophisticated encryption techniques.
Ransomweb, Pclock, Cryptowall 3, Crypto blocker and
Recently in 2016, new families of crypto like PHPRansm.B,
Locky, Ransom32, HydraCrypt, Crypto locker.N andCerber
have started to spread [1].
B. Literature Survey
The following table 1 contains study of 20 most important
papers on the ransomware attack which helps to identify the
effects, amount that to pay for ransom when it gets the attack
to the system. It also includes the overview of each paper with
their positive and negative aspects. Publishers and publication
year are also included in the table
. TABLE 1: Literature Survey on Ransomware Attack
Publication/Year Title Overview Positive Aspects Limitations
ELSEVIER/2016 Experimental Analysis
of Ransomware on
Windows and Android
Platforms: Evolution
and
Characterization[1]
-This paper shows the life cycle
and analysis of windows based
Ransomware.
-Also it presents evolution of
ransomware for windows.
-MD5 method, Cuckoo Sandbox
used for malware analysis system.
-RSA and AES used for
encryption.
-The main purpose is to
detect the ransomware by
monitoring abnormal file
system registry activities.
- PEid tool is used for
windows ransomware
detection.
- To prevent the user’s data from getting
into un-recoverable state, a user should
have incremental online and offline
backups of all the important data and
images.
IEEE/2016 CryptoLock (and Drop
It): Stopping
Ransomware Attacks
on User Data[2]
-Teslacrypt, CTB-Locker, GP
code are used for CryptoDrop
detection.
- Ransomware is a nuisance
which can be remedied by wiping
the system or removing the disk
and extracting the user’s
important data.
-CryptoDrop reduces the
need for the victim to pay
the ransom and represents
the malware ineffective.
- CryptoDrop stops ransomware from
executing with a median loss of only 10
files.
Hindawi/
2016
The Effective
Ransomware
Prevention Technique
Using Process
Monitoring on
Android Platform[4]
-Ransomware prevention
technique on Android platform is
proposed.
- The proposed technique is
designed with three modules:
Configuration, Monitoring, and
Processing.
- The proposed method can
monitor file events that
occurred when the
ransomware accesses and
copies files.
-Ransomware classified into
three types: Scareware,
Lock-Screen, and
Encrypting.
- It does not need to install an application
such as existing prevention and reduce
damage caused by unknown ransomware
attacks.
IEEE/2015 Unknown Malware
Detection Using
Network Traffic
Classification[5]
- It presents an end-to-end
supervised based system for
detecting malware by analyzing
network traffic.
-Network classification method is
used.
- The proposed method
analyzes DNS, HTTP, and
SSL protocols, and
combines different network
classification methods in
different resolutions of
network.
- Evaluated the effect of the environment
on the performance.
IEEE/2015 Fest: A Feature
Extraction and
Selection Tool for
Android Malware
Detection[6]
- FEST contains three
components: AppExtractor,
FrequenSel and Classifier.
-FEST generally aims with
detecting malware using both of
high efficiency and accuracy.
-AppExtractor, FrequenSel is used
as the method.
- FEST only takes 6.5s to
analyze an app on a
common PC, which is very
time-efficient for malware
detection in Android
markets.
-FrequenSel is definitely more suitable for
feature dataset.
4. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume IV, Issue VIS, June 2017 | ISSN 2321–2705
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IEEE/2015 Validation of Network
Simulation Model with
Emulation using
Example Malware[7]
-Cyber Army Modeling and
Simulation (CyAMS) model is to
provide an accurate representation
of malware propagation over a
behavioral model network.
- National Cyber Range
(NCR) is utilized to generate
data and provide results for
a number of different test
cases on networks of
varying sizes.
-Results demonstrated that several orders
of magnitude of less computing resources
are required for a simulation compared to
emulation for particular test case.
2016 Protecting Your
Networks from
Ransomware[8]
-The method Remote Desktop
protocol (RDP) and Software
Restriction Policies (SRP) is used.
- Configure firewalls to block
access to known malicious IP
addresses.
-Ransomware targets home
users, businesses, and
government networks and
can lead to temporary or
permanent loss of sensitive
or corrective information.
-The prevention measures are to set anti-
virus and anti-malware programs to
conduct regular scans automatically.
-Back up data regularly and keep it secure.
ELSEVIER/2016 Grouping the
executables to detect
malwares with high
accuracy[9]
- K-Means Clustering algorithm is
used to obtain groups to select
promising features for training
classifiers to detect variants of
malwares or unknown malwares.
-Metamorphic malware represent
the next group of virus that can
create an entirely new variant
after reproduction.
- The study of malwares and
generous executables in
groups to detect unknown
malwares with high
accuracy.
-Detection of malwares on the basis of
classifiers, file sizes gives accuracy up to
99.11%.
Springer/
2015
HELDROID:
Dissecting and
Detecting Mobile
Ransomware[10]
-HelDroid, a fast, efficient and
fully automated approach that
recognizes known and unknown
scareware and ransomware
samples.
-The main approach is to
determine whether a mobile
application attempts to threaten
the user, to lock the device and to
encrypt data.
-.The classifier based
Natural Language
Processing (NLP) features, a
lightweight emulation
technique to detect locking
strategies, and the
application of ruin tracking
for detecting file-encrypting
flows.
-HelDroid performs well
against unknown
ransomware samples.
-Ransomware, before or after the
threatening phase the malware actually
locks the device and/or encrypts sensitive
content until the ransom is paid, usually
through money transfer.
Springer/
2011
Study of Malware
Threats Faced by the
Typical Email
User[11]
-The main objective of this paper
is the behavioral characteristics of
different malware types affecting
the Internet and other enterprise
email systems.
-A sandbox test environment
platform using virtual
machines was built to
perform research and
simulate real-life malware
behavior and determine its
signature at the point of
execution for proper
analysis.
-The future work is to expand the malware
data coverage to a maximum of one year
period to record a complete picture of the
malware behavior over an extended period
of time.
IEEE/2011 An Experimental
Analysis For Malware
Detection Using
Extrusion[12]
-Method such as Inbound traffic
approach, distributed denial-of-
service (DDoS) activities and
direct attacks and tool such as
Snort software is used.
- For the detection of malware, it
will use two sniffers which will be
implemented using an open
source snort.
-The main goal of this paper
is to work out a realistic
solution to protect the
network from the malware
by exploring the feasibility
of the concept of analysis of
outbound traffic.
- The sniffer-2 takes more time to search
through a database containing more
number of rules than sniffer-1.
IEEE/2011 A Virus Detection
Scheme Based on
Features of Control
Flow Graph[13]
- Paper present a graph features
based method, which can be used
in the method of machine
learning, and design a virus
detection model based on feature
method.
- It present a novel feature
chooses method that extract
structural features from the
Control Flow Graph of PE
files.
- This paper is not providing better
convinced data of detection results.
Springer/
2010
Monitoring Malware
Activity on the LAN
Network[14]
-Honeypot operation is to make
available some resources or
illusion of resources as a trap for
malware program and monitor
program behavior in its attempts
of resource usage.
- Access router works also
as DHCP server, assigning
IP addresses to systems on
research network and as a
DNS server.
- Assigned IP addresses do not generate
much address resolution protocol (ARP)
traffic.
Springer/
2014
Research on
Classification of
Malware Source
Code[15]
-In the proposed system, file
structure and file content are
extracted as features for
classification system.
-This paper presents a novel
classification approach,
based on content similarity
and directory structure
similarity.
-The proposed approach is not to replace
classification of binary malware.
2016 Ransomware attacks:
detection, prevention
-The five phases of ransomware
are Exploitation and infection,
-The main objective is
defending against a
-Organizations can suffer the effects of
lost productivity, loss of business, problem
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and cure[16] Delivery and execution, Back-up
spoliation, File encryption and
User notification and clean-up.
ransomware attack is largely
dependent on the level of
preparation and the ability to
detect, shut down and
contain suspicious activity.
to customers and potentially the
permanent loss of data.
Springer/
2014
Feature-Distributed
Malware Attack: Risk
and Defence[17]
-The main objective is to propose
the new method of feature-
distributed malware that
dynamically distributes its
features to various software
components.
-In particular, malware can
perform its functionalities
by dynamically distributing
them to user-approved or
system approved
applications.
-C&C communication of the current
implementation is based on
sbd(Automotive technology consultancy
and research) that is a Netcat-clone,
designed to be portable and offer strong
encryption.
Springer/
2015
A comparison of static,
dynamic, and hybrid
analysis for malware
detection[18]
-Used malware detection method
is signature scanning. There are
many approaches to the malware
detection problem such as
signature-based, behavior based,
and statistical-based detection.
-The main purpose of this
paper is to compare malware
detection techniques based
on static, dynamic, and
hybrid analysis.
-Future work could include a similar
analysis involving additional features
beyond API calls and opcodes.
Springer/ 2010 Analyzing and
Exploiting Network
Behaviors of
Malware[19]
-Clustering and Classification
algorithms are comprehensively
used in the literature to evaluate
proposed host, network and
hybrid detection approaches.
-The goal of the research is
a real time behavior based
malware detection system
incorporating several
perspectives capable of
detecting known and
unknown malware on host
machines.
- The reports do not include sufficient
detailed information to identify malware’s
precise implementation.
Springer/
2011
A Framework for
Defining Malware
Behavior Using Run
Time Analysis and
Resource
Monitoring[20]
-It proposes a framework for
dynamic malware analysis using
real time analysis and resource
monitoring. Two common
techniques that can be used to
analyze malware are static
analysis and dynamic analysis.
-The proposed framework
has three major processes
such as run time analysis,
resource monitoring and
behavior definition.
-The main problem of approach is the
technique to disassemble the program
because most of the malware codes are
blur by great variety of packers.
IEEE/2012 Automatic Signature
Analysis and
Generation for Large-
Scale Network
Malware[21]
-It presents a technique for large-
scale malware analysis with
feature extraction based on hashed
matrix.
-It proposes the automatic
signature generation using the
Bayesian signature selection
within clusters.
-Feature hashing is to get the
bit-vector representation of
the malware in each cluster.
-Bayesian selection method
achieves good performance
in speed and accuracy, and
can also be efficient in
presence of noise.
- Feature hashing is a fast and space
efficient way of vectorizing features.
- Bayesian selection method provides a
way to ensure the low false negative and
low false positive of the signature.
III. DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF RANSOMWARE
A. Detection of Ransomware
Ransomware is an increasing criminal activity involving
numerous variants. Since 2012 when police locker
ransomware (The malware is known as “policeware” or a
“police locker,” and it takes over your Windows with a
warning that claims you are under observation by centralized
agents for alleged criminal activity)[1]. Various variants
encrypt not just the files on the infected device, but also the
contents of shared or networked drives, externally attached
storage media devices, and cloud storage services that are
mapped to infected computers[4]. The first variants of
Ransomware used a small number of very specific file
extensions like .crypt. However, each new variant seems to
use different extensions and some even keep the file name
intact. There are many ways to detect the presence of
ransomware on the network[24]. They are as follows:
a.Watch out for known file extensions:
Even though the list of known Ransomware file
extensions is growing rapidly, it is still a useful method
for detecting suspicious activity. Before you do anything
you need to get file activity monitoring in place so that
you have both a real time and historical record of all file
and folder activity on your network file shares[24].
b.Watch out for an increase in file renames:
File renames are not a common action when it comes to
activity on network file shares. Over the course of a
normal day, you may end up with just a handful of
renames even if you have hundreds of users on your
network. When Ransomware strikes, it will result in a
massive increase in file renames as your data gets
encrypted. However, if the number of renames goes
above a certain threshold, then you have a potential
Ransomware issue[24].
c.Create a sacrificial network share:
When Ransomware strikes, it typically looks for local
files first and then moves onto network shares. Most of
the variants go through the network shares in alphabetical
6. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume IV, Issue VIS, June 2017 | ISSN 2321–2705
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order G: drive then H: drive etc. A sacrificial network
share can act as an early warning system and also delay
the Ransomware from getting to your critical data[24].
d.Use client based anti-ransomware agents:
Anti-ransomware software applications are designed to
run in the background and block attempts by Ransomware
to encrypt data. They also monitor the Windows registry
for text strings known to be associated with
Ransomware[24].
B. Prevention of Ransomware
i. Back up your files regularly and keep a current backup
off-site. Backups can protect your data against more than
ransomware. Make sure you encrypt the backed up data
so only you can restore it[8].
ii. Be very careful about opening unsolicited
attachments[22].
iii. Don’t give yourself more login power than necessary.
Don’t stay logged in as an administrator any longer than
needed[8].
iv. Avoid browsing, opening documents or other regular
work activities while logged in as administrator[8].
v. Think twice before clicking. Dangerous hyperlinks can
be expected via social networks or instant messengers,
and the senders are likely to be people you trust,
including your friends or colleagues.
vi. For Ransomware attack to be deploy, cybercriminals
compromise their accounts and submit fake links to as
many people as possible[23].
vii. Keep the Windows Firewall turned on and properly
configured at all times. Enhance your protection more by
setting up additional Firewall protection. Configure
firewalls to block access to known malicious IP
addresses[22].
viii. Place anti-virus and anti-malware programs to conduct
regular scans[8].
IV. CONCLUSION
Ransomware families mostly focus on their evolution and
characterization. The characterization of ransomware families
is based on ransomware samples from ransomware families
that have emerged over the last few years. Results show that a
significant number of ransomware families exhibits very
similar characteristics. With occurrences of ransomware on
the rise, the encryption algorithms employed are becoming
increasingly sophisticated. Ransomware will certainly
continue to be a serious challenge for both information
security professionals and researchers. CryptoDrop is an early-
warning detection system that alerts a user during suspicious
file activity. Windows, implementing practical defense
mechanisms is possible, by continuously monitoring the file
system activity and registry activity, so if these registry values
are put under continuous observation then, detection of
ransomware is possible.
REFERENCES
[1] P. Zavarsky and D. Lindskog, “Experimental Analysis of
Ransomware on Windows and Android Platforms : Evolution and
Characterization,” vol. 94, pp. 465–472, 2016.
[2] H. Carter, P. Traynor, and K. R. B. Butler, “CryptoLock ( and
Drop It ): Stopping Ransomware Attacks on User Data,” 2016.
[3] J. Scott and D. Spaniel, “ICIT Ransomware Report,” 2016.
[4] S. Song, B. Kim, and S. Lee, “The Effective Ransomware
Prevention Technique Using Process Monitoring on Android
Platform,” vol. 2016, 2016.
[5] D. Bekerman, B. Shapira, L. Rokach, A. Bar, and B. Sheva,
“Unknown Malware Detection Using Network Traffic
Classification,” pp. 134–142, 2015.
[6] K. Zhao, D. Zhang, X. Su, W. Li, and E. Engineering, “Fest : A
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