The document discusses the hydraulic ram pump, which uses a large flow of water falling through a small head to lift a small flow of water through a higher head. It has only two moving parts - valves - making it mechanically simple. Potential applications include household water supply, irrigation of small to medium farms, and supporting livelihoods like cattle or fish farming. The Center for Rural Technology in Nepal has implemented 12 hydraulic ram pumps across several districts with positive impacts like improved sanitation and hygiene, increased school attendance, reduced water fetching time, and expanded vegetable production and incomes. Challenges to water and sanitation projects in remote mountain communities include high infrastructure costs, unreliable energy access, and cash flow issues.

1. Hydraulic Ram Pump
Centre for Rural Technology, Nepal (CRT/N)
www.crtnepal.org
10 December 2012

2. Introduction
a large flow of water falling through a
small head, to lift a small flow of water
through a higher head.
The main virtue of the hydram is that its only moving parts
are two valves, and it is therefore mechanically very simple.
• A hydram is an automatic pumping
device which uses…

4. Potential applications
• Household water supply and sanitation (Can serve a single house
or a medium size community)
• Irrigation (small – medium scale) – more likely for cash crops
(vegetables, fruit trees, etc.)
•Supporting livelihoods (eg. Cattle rearing, fishponds, lemongrass
tea production, etc.)

5. CRT/N and Hydraulic Ram Pump
• CRT/N has Implemented 12 Hydrams
• 3 units in Ramechhap district with support from SARI/E, USAID
• 4 units in Dhading district with support from Renewable world
,UK
• 5 units in Far west ( Dadeldhura, Achham, Baitadi and Doti)

6. Impact of HYDRAM
On hygiene and Sanitation
 Project: Mahadevsthan Hydram project
 Implemented on Pipal Bhanjyang HSS
 584 students and 16 teachers are
benifited
 Female student presence rate
increased
 Health issues is solved
 School and its surrounding’s
environment is clean and healthy

7. Impact of HYDRAM
HHs level DWS
• Salyantar and Sunaula bazaar DWS
projects
• Lifted water to 150m of vertical
height and save the time of 60
HHs to fetch water
• 6 hrs a day per HHs has saved
• Reduced drudgery of housewife
and female children
• Children can go to school regularly
• Improve health and sanitation

8. Impact of HYDRAM
• Micro irrigation
• Project: Muralibhanjyang hydram
micro-irrigation project
• Facilitated wider range of
vegetable production increasing
household incomes
• Off season crop are promoted
• Reduced the conventional way of
cropping pattern

9. Learning
• The complex socio-cultural, geo-political and socio-economic
factors affecting water resources and sanitation management
in low-income and middle-income society
• Community contribution is key factor for sustainable project
run
• MUS project and endues diversified project last for long
period

10. Mountain, Irrigation, Water supply and Sanitation
– Isolated and scattered villages/households
• Water supply investments are high
• Access to energy is problematic
– availability,
– Reliability
• Thus electric pump are not a reliable option
– High inbound and outbound logistic
• Conventional fuels are expensive
• Erratic supply of inputs
• Spare parts based technology are problematic
– Economy is not monetized
• Ability to pay cash /Poor in terms of cash availability
• Cash flow is not stable and regular
– Problem in regular fee payment

11. End of presentation!
Any Questions???