The document discusses quality control tests for secondary packaging materials in pharmaceuticals, emphasizing the importance of packaging in protecting and marketing products. It outlines the types of packaging—primary, secondary, and tertiary—and details various quality control tests for materials such as paper and board, including dimensions, moisture content, and tensile strength. Additionally, it provides specific tests for cartons, focusing on compression strength and carton opening force.

1. QUALITY CONTROL TEST ON
SECONDARY PACKAGING
MATERIALS
MS. ANU CHAUDHARY
Assistant Professor
chaudharyanu1107gmail.com
Global research institute of Pharmacy,
Radaur

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• PACKAGING TYPES
• SECONDARY PACKAGING
• QUALITY CONTROL TESTS FOR SECONDARY
PACKAGING
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
• Packaging is a process by which the pharmaceuticals are
suitably packed so that they should retain their therapeutic
effectiveness from the time of packaging till they are
consumed.
• Packaging may be defined as the art and science which
involves preparing articles for transport, storage display
and use.
• Pharmaceuticals packaging is the means of providing
protection, presentation, Identification, Information and
convenience to encourage compliance with a course of
therapy.

4. PACKAGING TYPE
Primary Packaging
Primary packaging is the material that first envelops the product and holds it.
This usually is the smallest unit of distribution or use and is the package which is in direct contact with the contents.

5. SECONDERY PACKAGING
Secondary packaging is out side the primary packaging- used to group primary packages together.
TERTIARY PACKAGING
Tertiary packaging is used for bulk handling, warehouse storage and transport.
Most common form is palletized unit load that packs tightly in to containers.

6. SECONDARY
PACKAGING
Secondary packaging
designates the
packaging used to
group
various pre-packaged
products together.

7. Secondary packaging said to have two
central functions.
1.Branding & Display, Secondary
packaging plays a vital role in the marketing
strategy surrounding the product. This is
especially relevant in case of display
packaging.
2. Logistics, secondary packaging
serves to group several products together for
ease of handling, transport and storage.

8. Different type of Secondary
Packaging Materials
Paper and boards
Cartons
Corrugated fiber board

9. Quality control test for secondary packaging materials
Quality control test for cartons
1. Compression
2. Carton opening force
Quality control test for paper and board

10. Quality control tests for paper and board
Test conditions:
Temperature-23°C
1. Dimensions
2. Thickness
3. Surface Ph
4. Moisture content
5. Folding endurance
6. Air permeability
7. Stiffness & Tensile Strength
8. Bursting strength

11. DIMENSIONS
• The physical dimensions of the given paper board is taken and
recorded.
GRAMMAGE
A test piece of suitable size(10cm 10cm) is cut and weighed. The
grammage of the sample is determined by Grammage = 10 w/a b
w = weight in grams
a = length
b = breadth

12. THICKNESS
• Measured with a micrometer.
• Thickness is related to grammage of paper
and its bulk density. It directly influences
the physical property of paper like
stiffness, varnishing and cutting.

13. SURFACE pH
• Acidity in paper may be caused by the
presence of residual chemical left in the pulp.
• A drop of distilled water is placed on the top of
the test piece and the electrode of pH meter is
placed in the drop touching the paper.
• The reading is taken after 2 min.

14. MOISTURE CONTENT TEST
Conditioned specimen is weighed and heated to a constant weight to expel the moisture. The difference of the
two weights gives the moisture content of the paper.

15. FOLDING ENDURANCE
Fold endurance measures the durability of paper when repeatedly folded under constant load; determining how many times the
paper can be folded until it breaks.
Fold the test piece back and forth until rupture occurs.

16. AIR PERMEABILITY
Important for using light weight uncoated paper on machine having vacuum pickup system.
STIFFINESS
Degree of resistance offered by paper/board when it is bent.
This involves testing a board piece and folding it through 90°
.
It will then try to recover its position when bending force is removed.

17. TENSILE STRENGTH
.Maximum load that a material can support without fracture when being stretched, divided by the original cross section area of the material.
.Tensile strengths have dimensions of force per unit area.
.These test provides measurement of attributes we can see and feel: strength, stiffness and resistance to stretching.

18. Tensile strength formula:
S= F/A
Where, S= Breaking strength
F=Force that caused the failure
A= Least cross sectional area of material

19. BURSTING STRENGTH
The burst test is used as a general guide to the strength of paper, solid board and corrugated board.
Bursting strength is usually quoted in kPa.
We determine bursting strength using digital hydraulic board burst tester.
Burst index = burst strength/basis weight

20. QUALITY CONTROL TEST FOR CARTONS
Compression
Used to assess the strength of erected package there by estimating the degree of protection that it confers on the contents.
This is useful for products with no inherent strength in one plane or another.

21. Carton opening force
The carton should spring open in to its original shape without a need for unreasonable force.
If the carton does not spring open buckles in on itself, it may cause problems on cartooning machine.

22. THANK YOU