QTP can be used to test non-GUI applications by accessing APIs and COM objects directly. This allows testing applications via Telnet, FTP, web services, and XML without using the GUI. It increases test speed and avoids synchronization issues. The document discusses using COM objects like WinHTTP and W3Sockets for Telnet, FTP, and web services. It also discusses using Msxml2.DOMDocument to work with XML files and compare them using QTP objects.