QR codes were created in 1994 by Toyota to track vehicles during manufacturing. They can store up to 4,296 characters and have error correction to remain readable even if damaged. QR codes link to websites, videos, contact info, coupons, and more. They can reduce paper usage and are fun to use in creative marketing like directories, maps, and games. Top QR code scanners include I-Nigma and QRafter iPhone app.