5. 1
4
2
1. It is the foundation of your speech.
2. It restates the main idea of your
speech.
3. This provides explanations, examples,
or any details that can help you deliver
your purpose and explain the main
idea of your speech.
6. GROUPWORK
1
4
2
1. Arrange the sample outline
about “Procrastination” according
to the elements of an outline.
2. Label the parts.
3. Be ready to present your output
to the class.
7. GROUPWORK
Improper waste disposal causes environmental problems.
• Wastes contaminate the soil.
• Wastes contaminate the water.
• Wastes can cause floods
There are ways to eliminate wastes and protect the environment.
• Reducing, reusing, and recycling can help eliminate wastes.
• People should start doing these at home.
4
As of today, there is an alarming increase of wastes in our community.
• According to Solid Waste Management Office, if we do not take immediate action, we
might face more perils caused by natural calamities.
• Now, I am going to talk about how to eliminate wastes and protect the environment.
We must act now.
• This solution should be supported by the local
government.
• Let us learn from the lessons in natural calamities we have
experienced.
8. Editing/Revising
1
4
2
..
⦁ Editing/Revising your written speech involves correcting
errors in mechanics, such as grammar, punctuation,
capitalization, unity, coherence, and others. Andrew Dlugan
(2013), an award-winning public speaker, lists six power
principles for speech editing.
Edit for focus.
“So, what’s the point? What’s the message of the speech?”
Ensure that everything you have written, from introduction to
conclusion, is related to your central message.
9. Editing/Revising
1
4
2
..
Edit for clarity.
“I don’t understand the message because the examples
or supporting details were confusing.”
Make all ideas in your speech clear by arranging them
in logical order (e.g., main idea first then supporting
details, or supporting details first then main idea).
10. Editing/Revising
1
4
2
..
Edit for concision.
“The speech was all over the place; the speaker kept
talking endlessly as if no one was
listening to him/her.”
Keep your speech short, simple, and clear by
eliminating unrelated stories and sentences and by
using simple words.
12. Editing/Revising
1
4
2
..
Edit for variety.
“I didn’t enjoy the speech because it was boring.”
Add spice to your speech by shifting tone and
style from formal to conversational and vice-
versa, moving around the stage, or adding
humor.
13. Editing/Revising
1
4
2
..
Edit for impact and beauty.
“There’s nothing really special about the
speech.”
Make your speech memorable by using these
strategies: surprise the audience, use vivid descriptive
images, write well-crafted and memorable lines, and
use figures of speech.
14. Editing/Revising
1
4
2
..
⦁ Rehearsing gives you an opportunity to identify what
works and what does not work for you and for your target
audience. Some strategies include reading your speech
aloud, recording for your own analysis or for your peers or
coaches to give feedback on your delivery. The best thing
to remember at this stage is: “Constant practice makes
perfect.”
15.
16. • Conducting an audience
analysis
• Determining the purpose of the
speech
• Selecting a topic
• Narrowing down a topic
• Gathering data
• Editing and/or revising
• Rehearsing
• Selecting a speech pattern
• Preparing an outline
• Creating the body of the speech
• Preparing the introduction
• Preparing the conclusion