Pulmonology is a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract. Pulmonologists are physicians who specialize in diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases using procedures like bronchoscopy. The field includes general pulmonology and interventional pulmonology, which uses minimally invasive techniques to diagnose and treat lung conditions. Pulmonologists may perform surgical procedures and interpret pulmonary function tests and imaging to evaluate lung function and diagnose issues like lung cancer.