Public health involves organized community efforts to promote health and prevent disease. Public health professionals work to analyze health issues and develop programs to protect populations. There are many career paths in public health, including roles as dietitians, epidemiologists, health educators, microbiologists, and public health nurses. The five core disciplines of public health are biostatistics, environmental health sciences, epidemiology, health policy and management, and social and behavioral sciences. Public health degree programs are based on these core competencies to prepare graduates for careers in population health.

1. PUBLIC HEALTH
1.What do you understand by public health ?
Ans. Public health has been defined as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life
and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society,
organizations, public and private, communities and individuals".
2.What does a public health professional do?
Ans .Public health professionals analyze and develop programs that protect the healthof
individuals, families and communities in the United States and abroad. ... A career in public
health opens the door to diverse opportunities in a variety of sectors such as federal, private and
non-governmental organizations.
3. What are jobs in public health?
Ans. Career Paths in Public Health
 Dietitian and Nutritionist. ...
 Emergency Management Specialist. ...
 Epidemiologist. ...
 Health Educators and Community Health Workers. ...
 Microbiologist. ...
 Occupational Health and Safety Specialist. ...
 Public Health Nurse. ...
 Social and Community Service Managers.
4. What are the 5 core disciplines of public health?
Ans. The five core competencies of public health are as follows:
 Biostatistics. This competency applies the science of statistics to the field of public health. ...
 Environmental Health Sciences. ...
 Epidemiology. ...
 Health Policy and Management. ...
 Social and Behavioral Sciences.
5. What are some examples of public health?

2. Ans.They study soil and food samples to uncover health hazards. They work with firefighters,
police, hospitals, and emergency specialists to develop plans and strategies to prevent and
mitigate manmade and natural disasters.
6. What are the core competencies of public health?
 Developed by a team of national experts, the core competencies of public health form the
basis of a broad public health education, specifically a master’s degree in public health.
 While those pursuing an undergraduate degree in public health will certainly become
familiar with these competencies, it is essential that MPH students are proficient in the
skills required for each discipline upon graduation.
The five core competencies of public health are as follows:
 Biostatistics
This competency applies the science of statistics to the field of public health. Biostatistics
enable public health professionals to address pressing health issues by analyzing and
interpreting data, then applying mathematical and statistical formulas to solve public
health problems.
 Environmental Health Sciences
Environmental factors can have significant impacts on the health of a community. The
field of environmental health sciences focuses on how the environment—including
biological, physical, and chemical factors—affects human health.
 Epidemiology
A field commonly associated with public health and public health degree programs,
epidemiology is the study of diseases within populations, including the patterns, detection,
causes, and control of infectious disease epidemics.
 Health Policy and Management
Access to and delivery of healthcare and healthcare programs can determine the well-being
of communities. The multidisciplinary field of health policy and management is concerned
with the delivery, quality, and costs of healthcare for individuals and populations from a
managerial and a policy perspective, including but not limited to the cost, organization,
and accessibility of care.
 Social and Behavioral Sciences
Sociocultural and behavioral factors greatly contribute to the health of populations. With
an ultimate goal of creating and sustaining healthy communities, the study of social and
behavioral sciences in the field of public health examines how behavioral, social, and
cultural issues contribute to public health issues.
7. How will these core competencies impact my public health degree program?
 Because the core competencies of public health are the foundation for anyone preparing
for a public health career, these five disciplines will form the basis for your on-campus
or online MPH degree program.

3.  Whether you decide to attend a traditional brick-and-mortar institution or an accredited
online university, these core competencies, combined with a completed MPH degree, will
prepare you for a rich, rewarding, and multifaceted public health career.
 Ready to keep populations around the world safe and healthy with a master’s in public
health.
 Backed by a strong foundation in the core competencies of public health, Walden
University offers a rigorous online MPH degree program that equips today’s public
health professionals with the education they need to address the world’s most pressing
health issues.
8.What are some examples of what public health professionals do?
 They work in labs to determine what causes certain diseases and to develop vaccines to
protect us from them.
 They educate people how to eat more nutritious foods, protect their children from toxic
substances, and avoid safety hazards.
 They analyze data to better understand how infectious diseases are spread. They manage
health care clinics and nursing homes.
 They work for government agencies that monitor the quality of the air we breathe and
the water we drink.
 They study soil and food samples to uncover health hazards. They work with firefighters,
police, hospitals, and emergency specialists to develop plans and strategies to prevent and
mitigate manmade and natural disasters.
 They develop policies that affect how we access health care services.
9. What is Health Policy and Management ? Explain?
 Pulling from a variety of disciplines, health policy and management professionals need to
be knowledgeable about economics, politics, management and finance.
 Those studying the field may find their coursework is a mix of law, ethics and health
care. After graduation, health policy workers may be responsible for crafting policies that
ensure access to medical care and provide uniform services across various populations.
 Individuals working in health policy and management should be critical thinkers and
problem solvers who are comfortable in leadership positions.
 Those with the right mix of interpersonal skills and public health knowledge should be
well positioned to fill job opportunities in both the public and private sector.
 According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, demand for medical and health services
managers is expected to grow much faster than average, increasing 23 percent from 2012-
2022.

4. The following are three examples of jobs that may be filled by those with an education in health
policy and management.
 Health Services Manager
 Health Department Administrator
 Government Policy Analyst
.
10.What is Maternal and Child Health ?
 Maternal and child health professionals concentrate on reproductive health, infant care
and how best to protect the health of mothers and their children.
 According to the ASPPH, maternal and child health is a global priority in the public
health field although workers may also work domestically Public health degrees in
maternal and child health may combine courses in biology, sociology and medicine.
 Graduates come away from these programs with an understanding of the social factors
affecting the health habits of mothers as well as knowledge regarding the basics of child
development.
 Areas of focus may include birth outcomes and adolescent mental health among others.
 Students studying maternal and child health may be prepared to work in a variety of
capacities. Some graduates may go on to provide services directly to women, their
children and families.
 Others may be involved at the public policy level and work to facilitate programs that
encourage better health for these populations. Maternal and child health workers may be
employed most often by the government or non-profits although private employment
opportunities may also exist.
Graduates with a public health degree in maternal and child health may go on work in these and
other jobs.
 Breastfeeding Support Coordinator
 Nurse Midwife
 WIC Nutrition Specialist