The document discusses various theories of personality development. It describes humanist theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Carl Rogers' person-centered approach. Cognitive theories discussed are social cognitive theory and cognitive behavioral theory. Biological theories mentioned are those of Hans Eysenck linking personality to biological processes. Behavioral theories covered are those of Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner. Psychodynamic theories discussed are Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages and Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages. Trait theories covered Eysenck's three dimensions and the big five factor theory. The document also discusses similarities and differences between various theories.
Psychological Foundations of Education (Complete)Ramil Gallardo
Psychological Foundations of Education (Complete)
Psychological Foundations of Education presents some of the principles of psychology that are relevant to learning and teaching. It presents an alternative answer to the problem of the bifurcation of general and educational psychology in the curriculum of teacher preparation.
Psychological Foundations of Education (Complete)Ramil Gallardo
Psychological Foundations of Education (Complete)
Psychological Foundations of Education presents some of the principles of psychology that are relevant to learning and teaching. It presents an alternative answer to the problem of the bifurcation of general and educational psychology in the curriculum of teacher preparation.
Psychological Foundations of Education
*Behavioral Psychology and Learning
*Effective Teaching and Evaluation of Learning
*Foundations of Bilingual Education
Psychological Foundations of Education
*Behavioral Psychology and Learning
*Effective Teaching and Evaluation of Learning
*Foundations of Bilingual Education
The Psychodynamic perspective of psychology is significant to study human behaviour and personality. This theory gives detailed description on the dynamics of mind and it also includes the core concepts.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Psychological Foundation of Education
1. FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION
Foundations of Education refers
to a broadly-conceived field of
educational study that derives
its character and methods from
a number of academic
disciplines, combinations of
disciplines, and area studies.
6. Bellows College
PERSONALITY
She has a pleasant smile.
6
Persona
meaning
“mask”
The sum total of
the traits and
characteristics
that we have
developed all
the years.
Personality is
dynamic
Each person
has a unique
personality.
Personality is
an integration
and
interaction of
traits.
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PERSONALITY
She has a pleasant smile.
7
It is often
considered to
be the social
stimulus value
of individuals.
Personality is
the sum total
of all the traits
and
characteristics
of a person
that
distinguishes
him from
another.BACU, LUZ C., et.al.
(1993).INTRODUCTION TO
PSYCHOLOGY. Rex Book
Store.
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Humanist Theories
⓿ Humanistic Psychology gets its name
from the belief in the basic goodness and
respect of humankind. Humanist
theorists include Carl
Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
22
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THE PERSON-CENTERED APPROACH
BASIC CONCEPTS
1. Unconditional Positive Regard
2. Non-judgmental Attitude
3. Disclosure
4. Reflection
25
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Cognitive Theories
“If we perceived the glass as half full
rather than half empty, the world
will look much brighter; in a brighter
world, we are happier individuals.”
26
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Cognitive Theories
It explains why the brain is the most
incredible network of information
processing and interpretation in the body as
we learn things.This theory can be divided
into two specific theories: the Social
CognitiveTheory (SCT), and the Cognitive
BehavioralTheory (CBT). 27
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Biological Theories
⓿ Biological approaches suggest that
genetics are responsible for personality.
⓿ One of the best known biological
theorists was Hans Eysenck, who linked
aspects of personality to biological
processes.
35
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Biological Theories
TWO DISTINCT CATEGORIES OF HUMAN
TRAITS ACCORDINGTO EYSENCK
(SUPERTRAITS)
1. EXTROVERSION-INTROVERSION
2. NEUROTICISM
36
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Behavioral Theories
John B.Watson (1878-1958) was the first to study
how the process of learning affects our behavior, and
he formed the school of thought known as
Behaviorism, now considered a sub-camps of
learning theory.The central idea behind behaviorism
is that only observable behaviors are worthy of
research since other abstraction such as a person’s
mood or thoughts are too subjective.
39
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Psychodynamic Theories
⓿ Psychodynamic theories of personality
are heavily influenced by the work
of Sigmund Freud and emphasize the
influence of the unconscious mind and
childhood experiences on personality.
42
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Psychodynamic Theories
⓿ Psychodynamic theories include
Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stage
theory and Erik Erikson's stages of
psychosocial development.
43
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Psychodynamic Theories
Freud believed the three components of
personality were the id, ego and superego. The id is
responsible for all needs and urges, while the
superego for ideals and morals. The ego moderates
between the demands of the id, the superego, and
reality. Freud suggested that children progress
through a series of stages in which the id's energy is
focused on different erogenous zones.
45
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Trait Theories
⓿ The trait theory approach is one of the
most prominent areas within personality
psychology. According to these theories,
personality is made up of a number of
broad traits. A trait is basically a relatively
stable characteristic that causes an
individual to behave in certain ways.
49
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Trait Theories
⓿ Some of the best known trait theories
include Eysenck's three-dimension theory
and the five factor theory of personality.
50
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NATURE OF THE LEARNER
54
Aspects that describes the nature of the
child as center of educative process
Ability, Aptitude, Interests, Family and Cultural
background, Attitudes
Learner’s inborn tendencies considered
important basis of teaching and learning
Intelligence, Curiosity, Emotion, Imitation,
Gregariousness, Play, Collecting and Hoarding,
Competition and Manipulation
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NATURE OF THE LEARNER
55
Hereditary traits affecting learning
(Osmorod 2009) hereditary lays the foundation
for the intellectual potential of an individual, it
determines maturation, it determines
personality, etc.
Learners psychological factors that
condition teaching and learning
Intellectual factors, Learning factors, Physical
factors, Mental factors, Emotional and Social
factors, Teacher’s personality, Environmental
factors
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NATURE OF THE LEARNER
56
Personality traits of Filipino students that
condition teaching and learning
Cheerful, Thrifty and frugal, Ningas-cogon,
Manyana habit, Crab mentality, Colonial
mentality, Bahala na syndrome, Lack of
discipline
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TWO KINDS OF SOCIAL NEEDS OF
THE LEARNER
57
1.Affiliative needs- biologically driven
human needs wherein they require bonds
and attachments to others like
themselves
2.Status needs- the present situation need
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CHARACTERISTICS OF
ELEMENTARY PUPILS
58
• Attention span is increasing
• Curious and ask many questions
• Increase ability to reason out
• Pre-occupied with thoughts of sexual
development
• Less egocentric
• Discourage easily
• Feel the need to be successful
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CHARACTERISTICS OF
ELEMENTARY PUPILS
59
• More aggression to find identity
• Enjoy repetition
• Behavior affected by puberty
• Competitive but easily upset when losing
• Enjoy competition
• Develop sex antagonism
• Seeks attention and approval
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CHARACTERISTICS OF
ELEMENTARY PUPILS
60
• Form social groups but exclude some
peers
• Behave in order to avoid criticism
• Becoming aware of what is right and
wrong
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CHARACTERISTICS OF
SECONDARY STUDENTS
61
• Capable of formal reasoning
• Self-conscious and self-focused
• Knowledge expanded and organized
• Better at problem solving
• Moodiness and parental conflict
• Cooperative peer interaction
• Cliques emerge
• Improves decision-making strategies
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CHARACTERISTICS OF
SECONDARY STUDENTS
62
• Enjoy being challenge
• Extreme physical change
• Inquisitive
• Have longer attention
• Can accomplish more complex tasks
• Process and analyze situation