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1. Proven Methods of Data Collection in Data
Processing
Data collection is the way of assembling and
estimating data on targeted factors in an
established and methodical design, which at that
point empowers one to answer applicable
inquiries, assess results and make important
decisions post data processing and analysis. Data
collection is an avenue of research in all fields of
education including social and physical sciences,
business and humanities.
While strategies differ widely, the significance of
guaranteeing precision and accuracy of
information continues as before. The primary
objective of data collection is to capture quality
data that brokers room for analysis and sound
decision making.

2. Data collection is highly integral to the integrity
and significance of research work. A data
collection system is an application of
computation that aids the process of collection of
data permitting exclusive and structured data to
be assembled in a methodical fashion that
enables data processing and analysis to be
performed and facilitates decision making. The
data collection system accepts data from the
user and authorizes it before committing them to
databases for storage.
The computer software that is used in the
collection of data for data processing is
categorized into one of the following practical
forms-
1. Questionnaire or survey
2. Data registry
3. Case management system
4. Performance assessment system
5. Quizzes and Examinations
6. Online forms and reporting system

3. Methods of Data Collection for Data Processing
With the continuation of a groundbreaking
advancement in technology, a major volume of
the data gets stored in the form of electronic
document files, PDF files, digital forms, emails,
codes, web content and more. However, a
significant volume of data continues to get
accumulated in the form of handwritten
documents, manually filled reports, and forms
etc. Thus, there is no uniformity in the stage of
data collection for data processing. Elucidated
below are 10 effective ways to collect data
uniformly to facilitate the process of analysis.
1. Manual Collection of Data for Data Processing

4. In the process of manual data collection,the input
data is entered by the operator manually using
traditional input devices like mouse, keyboard,
touch screen, graphics tablets, tracker balls etc
for typing in the data as text and figures using
particular software applications like Word, Excel,
and PowerPoint etc. This method of collection of
data for data processing is labor intensive and
takes up a lot of time as well. Such time
consuming and labor intensive tasks are not in
favor of business operational efficiency. And as
such business organizations are investing in their
migration to automated techniques and methods
of data collection. Such methods are more
accurate in their collection and facilitate more
efficient data processing and decision making.
2. Automated Collection of Data for Data
Processing

5. Automated collection of data for data processing
involves the utilization of digital technology for
the capture of data. The initial cost of
implementation of this method is very high and
requires a high amount of investment for the
purchase of technologies but with the proceeding
of the project, it is duly observed that the cost of
operation has gotten significantly decreased
owing to the low requirement of manpower.
Automated collection of data for data processing
includes the employment of several technologies
like OCR, OMR, ICR and more.
3. Optical Character Recognition or OCR
Technology of Data Collection
OCR is characterized by the recognition of written
or printed text characters by the computerized
system.

6. This involves scanning of the text character by
character, analysis of the scanned image and
consequent translation of the scanned image
code into character code like ASCII code for the
purpose of data processing. The OCR technology
is used in the conversion of several different
types of documents in machine printed formats
that includes PDF document files, image files,
scanned documents etc. into editable and
searchable data.
4. Intelligent Character Recognition or ICR
Technology of Data Collection
ICR technology aids in the recognition and
capturing of handwritten characters from
electronic image files. It is the translation of
characters written in manual text to characters in
machine-readable form. In practice, ICR is mostly
similar to OCR and is often utilized in
combination during data collection for
processing. As text written manually varies in
handwriting and style, it happens that ICR is not
exactly accurate and slightly more complicated
as compared to the other technologies. However,
with continuous evolution and development in
technology and increase in the number of tasks,
the accuracy of Intelligent Character Recognition
increases.

7. This process of self-learning and self-evolution
differentiates it from the several other
technologies and makes it “intelligent”.
5. Optical Mark Reading or OMR Technology of
Data Collection
OMR is the process of data collection from
humans by the recognition of marks on a
document termed as OMR sheet. The process of
data collection is achieved by the use of a
hardware device or scanner that detects
transmittance of limited light or reflection
through or on the OMR sheet. OMR permits the
collection of data for data processing from
hundreds and thousands of OMR documents
within the span of just an hour. OMR technology
possesses the capability to differentiate between
unmarked and marked boxes and hence is used
for the collection of data through the boxes or
bubbles that are manually marked in the
document.
6. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
(MICR)Technology of Data Collection
MICR is a technology is a technology that is used
in the verification of the originality or legitimacy
of paper documents.

8. The technology makes use of special magnetic
ink in printing characters on the original
document. The information can be encoded in
the form of magnetic characters. Magnetic Ink
Character Recognition (MICR)technology is used
in the recognition of characters. It refers to the
recognition of characters that are specially
formatted and printed in magnetic ink by
machines. This technology is widely employed in
the banking industry for the accelerated
processing of bank documents, checks etc. The
additional advantage of MICR technology of data
collection is that the data can be read by
machines as well as humans.
The utilization of MICR in data collection can
enhance confidentiality and security and
minimize theft and losses. If for instance a
document gets forged a check is produced as a
color photocopy of the original then that
counterfeit check will be of no use as the
photocopied lines will not respond to magnetic
fields or will definitely produce inaccurate and
incorrect codes when scanned to retrieve the
information. Even a legit check gets rejected if it
is indicated by the MICR that the account owner
has a history of writing faulty checks.

9. 7. Magnetic Stripe Cards Technology of Data
Collection
Magnetic stripe cards are used to store data with
the help of magnetic properties of certain
substances. The cards possess stripes of
magnetic materials based on iron. A magnetic
stripe card is basically any type of card that
possesses data embedded in a particular strip
made of iron specks and encased in a plastic film.
The front face of the magnetic stripe card
contains information like the name of the
cardholder and the name of the company that
has issued it. The back of the card holds the
precious magnetic stripes. The magnetic cards
are slightly larger than 2-3 inches and are made
of durable paper or plastic. A few examples of
magnetic stripe cards include debit cards, credit
cards, driver’s license, employee ID cards, gift
cards and more. When this magnetic stripe card
is swiped at a card reader machine to decode the
data contained in the stripes and enable the
transaction. The magnetic stripe is composed of
three horizontal tracks where each track holds a
different volume and type of data to be
processed and analyzed. The tracks consist of the
information like card number, account holder’s
name, date of expiration, code of card
verification, service code.

10. Credit cards mostly contain the first two tracks.
Magnetic stripe cards have often been involved in
fraudulence where hackers skim the cards and
copy all the confidential information and then
create duplicate cards to get access to the card
holder’s bank account. The EMV microchip card is
now replacing the magnetic stripe cards to
ensure more security and strict confidentiality of
the data collected by the cards.
8. Smart Cards Technology of Data Collection
Smart cards are cards that fit into the pocket and
are embedded with integrated circuit chips. They
can function on a contactless basis or in contact
with card reader machines. The smart cards have
a greater memory than magnetic cards and can
be extensively used for collection and storage of
personal identification data, authentication data,
biometric data and more. When the smart card is
swiped at a reader machines automatic transfer
of information is enabled and the data on the
card can be accessed for processing and
analysis. The smart card resembles credit cards
in shape and size but is entirely different in its
working functionality. Smart cards possess an
embedded microprocessor under a gold-encased
pad on one side of the card which functions
similar to the magnetic stripe on the credit card.

11. However, unlike the magnetic stripe data that
can be easily read, modified, deleted or
tampered with, the data on smart cards are
highly secure and protected against leakage of
sensitive data. Smart cards possess up to 8kB of
RAM, 346 kb of ROM and 256 kb of PROM, and a
microprocessor of 16 bits. The smart card makes
use of a serial interface and is powered by
external sources like card readers.
9. Web Data Capture Technology of Data
Collection
The World Wide Web is composed of a massive
volume of data. Organizations find this
information very useful and use it for a variety of
purposes. In traditional methods retrieval of web
data takes place through browsing and searching
with keywords. These are intuitive methods that
do not return accurate results. But it is extremely
essential to collect the data from the internet and
get access to a whole wealth of information. This
can only be achieved through web capturing. A
few important tools that can be used for data
collection from the World Wide Web include
Uipath, Import.io, Kimono, Screen scraper and
more. Uipath offers excellent web scraping
services from HTML, AJAX, XML, and Java applets,
PDF, Silverlight, and Flash.

12. Once the data has been successfully collected it
gets exported to Excel, .NET Datatable, CSV and
so on. Import.io is known for its capability of
transforming web pages into data in coded form.
Users are permitted to scrap the data from an
unlimited number of pages on the internet. The
data that is collected through extraction is stored
in the cloud servers of Import.io for processing
and analysis. Kimono can do a number of
different tasks like driving applications,
visualizations, and models using data in just a
matter of seconds. Kimono has an intelligent
extractor that recognizes web content and
quickly extracts the information to be processed.
10. Voice Recognition Technology for Data
Collection
Voice recognition is the process of conversion of
speech to text. Data is collected as voice
recognition from data sources like dictation
systems, small control systems and etc.