This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using iris recognition and palm vein technology for credit card authentication as a more secure alternative to existing authentication methods. The paper outlines some of the limitations of current authentication methods like PINs, signatures, and fingerprints. It then describes how the proposed system would work, using iris recognition to verify a user's identity followed by palm vein scanning for authentication. The document explains the technical details of how iris recognition and palm vein scanning extract unique biometric patterns and compares them to stored templates to authenticate users. It claims the detection rate of fraud using this dual biometrics approach would be 99.995% compared to traditional methods.
Credit Card Duplication and Crime Prevention Using BiometricsIOSR Journals
1. The document proposes using iris recognition and palm vein technology for credit card authentication as a way to improve security over existing methods.
2. Current authentication methods like PINs, signatures, and fingerprints have vulnerabilities like being observable and reproducible.
3. The proposed system uses iris recognition followed by palm vein scanning, comparing the biometric data to stored templates to authenticate the user. If both comparisons match, the transaction would be allowed.
4. Iris patterns and palm vein patterns are unique to each individual and difficult to reproduce, providing improved security over existing authentication methods.
The document discusses fraud risks in e-banking and provides recommendations to address them. It summarizes the evolution of e-banking in India, benefits and vulnerabilities. Examples of major data breaches globally and in India are provided. Common e-banking fraud types like phishing, malware attacks etc. are described along with their characteristics. The document recommends controls that can be implemented by banks and users to enhance security of e-banking transactions and detect frauds.
A MOBILE BASED ANTI-PHISHING AUTHENTICATION SCHEME USING CHALLENGE-RESPONSE A...ijiert bestjournal
Quick Response (QR) code are 2D (two dimension) matrix code. Here it is use for secure authentication. Now days Internet is most commonlyused medium to access the information. People are using many website like online banking,insurance,shopping etc. these websites requires the strong authentication. Using a pair of username and password authentication scheme is not secure enough since attacker can collect information from web phishing and computer infection. Various malware or intended programs attempt to capture the confidential information from personal computer. Therefore,secure authentication scheme is required. Many authentication methods have been developed such as one time password,SMS base OTP system and some using bio-metric feature. Some of these authentications are fail due to network problem and increases the cost. People are increasingly used in all life fields,especially with the wide spread of Android smart phones which are used as QR-code scanners
Review on Fraud Detection in Electronic Payment GatewayIRJET Journal
This document reviews fraud detection in electronic payment gateways. It begins with an abstract that discusses how credit card fraud has increased with the rise of electronic commerce and online payments. It then provides background on payment gateways and discusses common types of credit card fraud like stolen cards, phishing, and internal theft. The literature review covers previous research on using techniques like hidden Markov models, support vector machines, and fingerprint recognition for fraud detection. The proposed system would add an additional layer of security to online transactions by generating a secret code and one-time password for each transaction and only proceeding if the user provides the correct code and password. This is intended to help verify the authenticity of transactions and reduce fraudulent activity.
This document is a project report submitted by four students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering. The project proposes developing an ATM transaction system using facial recognition technology. It discusses the need to improve security for ATM transactions due to the rise in ATM fraud. The proposed system would integrate facial recognition into the identity verification process at ATMs, using both a physical card, PIN, and facial biometrics to authenticate users and prevent fraud. The report describes the processes involved in facial recognition technology and outlines the proposed system and its components.
This document summarizes security issues and challenges with internet banking. It discusses how phishing and malware can be used to steal user credentials and authorize fraudulent transactions. Specifically, it notes that authorization passwords should be related to transaction details to prevent arbitrary transactions, but malware can still change transaction details if the user's device is compromised. It proposes using a dedicated security device to generate authorization passwords based on transaction details, reducing complexity and improving security over smartphones.
The document discusses new authentication technologies including biometric identification using fingerprints, iris patterns, etc. It describes various hardware and software token options for two-factor authentication such as smart cards, magnetic stripe cards, mobile phones, and smartphones. It also discusses ensuring the security of passwords and authentication systems.
IRJET- Credit Card Transaction using Fingerprint Recognisation and Two St...IRJET Journal
This document proposes enhancing credit card transaction security in ATMs through a three-step verification process using password, fingerprint recognition, and one-time passwords (OTPs). It involves using KNN clustering to verify passwords, displaying a dummy balance if the password is incorrect, matching fingerprints to stored templates, and sending an OTP to the registered phone number if fingerprints match. This approach aims to strengthen user authentication and prevent fraudulent transactions using stolen cards and passwords guessed through brute force attacks. The system is analyzed in MATLAB and is found to provide improved security over existing one-step password verification methods.
Credit Card Duplication and Crime Prevention Using BiometricsIOSR Journals
1. The document proposes using iris recognition and palm vein technology for credit card authentication as a way to improve security over existing methods.
2. Current authentication methods like PINs, signatures, and fingerprints have vulnerabilities like being observable and reproducible.
3. The proposed system uses iris recognition followed by palm vein scanning, comparing the biometric data to stored templates to authenticate the user. If both comparisons match, the transaction would be allowed.
4. Iris patterns and palm vein patterns are unique to each individual and difficult to reproduce, providing improved security over existing authentication methods.
The document discusses fraud risks in e-banking and provides recommendations to address them. It summarizes the evolution of e-banking in India, benefits and vulnerabilities. Examples of major data breaches globally and in India are provided. Common e-banking fraud types like phishing, malware attacks etc. are described along with their characteristics. The document recommends controls that can be implemented by banks and users to enhance security of e-banking transactions and detect frauds.
A MOBILE BASED ANTI-PHISHING AUTHENTICATION SCHEME USING CHALLENGE-RESPONSE A...ijiert bestjournal
Quick Response (QR) code are 2D (two dimension) matrix code. Here it is use for secure authentication. Now days Internet is most commonlyused medium to access the information. People are using many website like online banking,insurance,shopping etc. these websites requires the strong authentication. Using a pair of username and password authentication scheme is not secure enough since attacker can collect information from web phishing and computer infection. Various malware or intended programs attempt to capture the confidential information from personal computer. Therefore,secure authentication scheme is required. Many authentication methods have been developed such as one time password,SMS base OTP system and some using bio-metric feature. Some of these authentications are fail due to network problem and increases the cost. People are increasingly used in all life fields,especially with the wide spread of Android smart phones which are used as QR-code scanners
Review on Fraud Detection in Electronic Payment GatewayIRJET Journal
This document reviews fraud detection in electronic payment gateways. It begins with an abstract that discusses how credit card fraud has increased with the rise of electronic commerce and online payments. It then provides background on payment gateways and discusses common types of credit card fraud like stolen cards, phishing, and internal theft. The literature review covers previous research on using techniques like hidden Markov models, support vector machines, and fingerprint recognition for fraud detection. The proposed system would add an additional layer of security to online transactions by generating a secret code and one-time password for each transaction and only proceeding if the user provides the correct code and password. This is intended to help verify the authenticity of transactions and reduce fraudulent activity.
This document is a project report submitted by four students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering. The project proposes developing an ATM transaction system using facial recognition technology. It discusses the need to improve security for ATM transactions due to the rise in ATM fraud. The proposed system would integrate facial recognition into the identity verification process at ATMs, using both a physical card, PIN, and facial biometrics to authenticate users and prevent fraud. The report describes the processes involved in facial recognition technology and outlines the proposed system and its components.
This document summarizes security issues and challenges with internet banking. It discusses how phishing and malware can be used to steal user credentials and authorize fraudulent transactions. Specifically, it notes that authorization passwords should be related to transaction details to prevent arbitrary transactions, but malware can still change transaction details if the user's device is compromised. It proposes using a dedicated security device to generate authorization passwords based on transaction details, reducing complexity and improving security over smartphones.
The document discusses new authentication technologies including biometric identification using fingerprints, iris patterns, etc. It describes various hardware and software token options for two-factor authentication such as smart cards, magnetic stripe cards, mobile phones, and smartphones. It also discusses ensuring the security of passwords and authentication systems.
IRJET- Credit Card Transaction using Fingerprint Recognisation and Two St...IRJET Journal
This document proposes enhancing credit card transaction security in ATMs through a three-step verification process using password, fingerprint recognition, and one-time passwords (OTPs). It involves using KNN clustering to verify passwords, displaying a dummy balance if the password is incorrect, matching fingerprints to stored templates, and sending an OTP to the registered phone number if fingerprints match. This approach aims to strengthen user authentication and prevent fraudulent transactions using stolen cards and passwords guessed through brute force attacks. The system is analyzed in MATLAB and is found to provide improved security over existing one-step password verification methods.
Fingereye: improvising security and optimizing ATM transaction time based on ...IJECEIAES
The tumultuous increase in ATM attacks using eavesdropping, shoulder-surfing, has risen great concerns. Attackers often target the authentication stage where a customer may be entering his login information on the ATM and thus use direct observation techniques by looking over the customer's shoulder to steal his passwords. Existing authentication mechanism employs the traditional password-based authentication system which fails to curb these attacks. This paper addresses this problem using the FingerEye. The FingerEye is a robust system integrated with iris-scan authentication. A customer’s profile is created at registration where the pattern in his iris is analyzed and converted into binary codes. The binary codes are then stored in the bank database and are required for verification prior to any transaction. We leverage on the iris because every user has unique eyes which do not change until death and even a blind person with iris can be authenticated too. We implemented and tested the proposed system using CIMB bank, Malaysia as case study. The FingerEye is integrated with the current infrastructure employed by the bank and as such, no extra cost was incurred. Our result demonstrates that ATM attacks become impractical. Moreover, transactions were executed faster from 6.5 seconds to 1.4 seconds.
IRJET - A Paper on Enhanced PIN Security for SBI ATM through Aadhaar Linked O...IRJET Journal
The document discusses enhancing ATM security for State Bank of India through Aadhaar-linked OTP or biometrics. It proposes adding fingerprint verification to SBI ATMs, where fingerprints would be linked to the Aadhaar database. This would allow customers to withdraw cash by providing their fingerprint instead of an ATM card and PIN. It would provide another layer of security on top of the existing OTP-based system. The system aims to address security issues like card skimming and prevent cash withdrawals if a user's phone is lost or damaged by allowing verification through Aadhaar biometrics instead.
E Authentication System with QR Code and OTPijtsrd
As a fast web framework is being created and individuals are informationized, even the budgetary undertakings are occupied with web field. In PC organizing, hacking is any specialized exertion to control the ordinary conduct of system associations and associated frameworks. The current web banking framework was presented to the threat of hacking and its result which couldnt be overlooked. As of late, the individual data has been spilled by a high degree technique, for example, Phishing or Pharming past grabbing a clients ID and Password. Along these lines, a protected client affirmation framework gets considerably more fundamental and significant. Right now, propose another Online Banking Authentication framework. This confirmation framework utilized Mobile OTP with the mix of QR code which is a variation of the 2D standardized identification. 1 6 7 Afrin Hussain "E-Authentication System with QR Code & OTP" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30808.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/30808/eauthentication-system-with-qr-code-and-otp/afrin-hussain
Tokenization is a technology used by banks to protect customer data from fraud. It involves substituting sensitive data with unique, non-sensitive tokens. This makes the data less useful to hackers if accessed without context. Tokenization protects data during transactions more effectively than encryption alone by not requiring decryption of sensitive details that could be exposed. Common payment attacks like relay attacks that steal data during transactions cannot be used with tokenized data since the token cannot be used outside of its intended transaction.
Wireless Serial Data Synchronization for Money Transaction Using Multi Accoun...IJSRED
This document summarizes a proposed system for a multi-account ATM card that allows users to access multiple bank accounts with one card. The system uses eye tracking and facial recognition to authenticate authorized users. For unauthorized users, it sends an OTP to the authorized user's phone that must be entered for access. This provides enhanced security while allowing the convenience of managing multiple accounts in one card. If eye tracking authenticates the user, they can select the bank account to use from a displayed list.
This document discusses enhancing security features for automated teller machines (ATMs) from a Ghanaian perspective. It proposes using biometric authentication, like fingerprint scanning, instead of personal identification numbers (PINs) for ATM access. The document provides an overview of common ATM fraud and recommends approaches to prevent fraud, including developing a prototype biometrically equipped ATM model. It notes that ATMs in Ghanaian banks currently do not use biometric technology, so the research aims to increase security.
This document discusses a model for reducing phishing attacks involving SIM card cloning in internet banking. It begins with an introduction describing how internet banking in South Africa has become vulnerable to fraudsters using phishing to steal users' information and then conducting fraudulent SIM swaps to intercept authorization codes. The background section then reviews literature on the causes of this vulnerability, how phishing and SIM cloning is used in these attacks, and the elements needed to reduce such fraudulent transactions, including increased cooperation between banks and mobile operators. The proposed model aims to reflect the actions needed by these groups to address this growing security problem.
Preventing Internet Fraud By Preventing Identity TheftDiane M. Metcalf
This document summarizes a research study on educating consumers to prevent identity theft and reduce e-commerce fraud. The study involved providing an identity theft prevention class to elementary school staff and measuring its effectiveness through pre- and post-tests. The class covered safe online practices like identifying spoofed emails and calls. It provided an interactive quiz and presentations on topics like privacy on public WiFi and social media. The results showed participants improved their knowledge after the class, correctly answering more questions on the post-test about common fraud scenarios. The study aims to determine if educating consumers empowers them to better protect their personal information and reduce identity theft online.
The document proposes a virtual password system to improve security for online banking transactions. In the proposed system, a mobile application is used to generate one-time virtual passwords based on a permanent PIN number and random number, removing the vulnerabilities of password delivery via SMS. This virtual password system aims to enhance security by making password guessing and hacking techniques like phishing and keylogging more difficult to exploit.
Multimodal Biometric endorsement for secure Internet banking using Skin Spect...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a multimodal biometric authentication system for secure internet banking using skin spectroscopy, finger knuckle texture, and finger nail recognition. It discusses the limitations of unimodal biometric systems and how a multimodal approach combining three biometrics—skin spectroscopy, knuckle texture, and nail plate analysis—can improve accuracy and security. The system aims to provide stronger authentication for internet banking transactions compared to traditional password or token-based systems.
Improvement of a PIN-Entry Method Resilient to ShoulderSurfing and Recording ...IJRTEMJOURNAL
The scope of this work extends to system components (for example service providers, networks,
servers, hosts, applications, processes and personnel) which are used to exchange PIN-related data. The PIN
Guidelines in this document encompass PIN security within any one system or sub-system and between systems.
This process designs 10 digit keypad with random RGB color SCHEME using a Fast Finite-State Algorithm for
Generating RGB Palettes of Color. In this work, we propose a color finite-state LBG (CFSLBG) algorithm that
reduces the computation time by exploiting the correlations of palette entries between the current and previous
iterations.
Automated teller machine (ATM) theft is a major problem, with estimates of 5,500 crimes per year in the US. Criminals use various methods like card skimming, card trapping, and deposit fraud to steal people's card information and PINs to withdraw money from their accounts. Banks can help prevent such theft by implementing better security technologies like biometrics and alert systems, as well as educating customers about common scams.
CASE STUDY ON PKI & BIOMETRIC BASED APPLICATIONPankaj Rane
Public Key Infrastructure is a widely deployed security technology for handling key distribution and validation in computer security. Despite PKI’s popularity as a security solution, Phishing and other Man-in-the-Middle related attacks are accomplished with ease throughout our computer networks. The major problems with PKI come down to trust, and largely, how much faith we must place in cryptographic keys alone to establish authenticity and identity.
In this paper, we look at a novel biometric solution that mitigates this problem at both the user and certificate authority levels. More importantly, we examine the trouble with the application of unprotected biometric features directly into PKI, and propose the integration of a secure, revocable biometric template protection technology that supports transactional key release. A detailed explanation of this new Biometric application is provided, including composition, enrollment, authentication, and revocation details. The Biometric provides a new paradigm for blending elements of physical and virtual security to address pesky network attacks that more conventional approaches have not been able to stop.
A Survey: Fusion of Fingerprint and Iris for ATM servicesIRJET Journal
This document discusses a proposed fusion of fingerprint and iris biometrics for ATM authentication to improve security. Currently, ATMs authenticate users using cards and PINs, which have flaws as PINs can be stolen. The document proposes a multimodal biometric system integrated with ATMs that uses both fingerprint and iris scans to verify user identity. It describes background on ATM security and biometrics, as well as challenges with existing unimodal biometric systems that use a single trait. The proposed system aims to increase security by fusing fingerprint and iris biometrics to reduce false acceptances and require thieves to steal both fingerprints and irises to steal funds.
This document proposes a location-based authentication system for enhancing e-banking security on smartphones. It reviews how location can be used as an additional authentication factor beyond traditional methods like passwords. The system would authenticate users by checking their GPS location on a timely basis in addition to their credentials. Using location tracking and self-destructing encryption keys that expire makes the system more secure by preventing unauthorized access to banking data and funds from outside approved locations. The goal is to offer banks more secure ways to provide mobile banking services via smartphone applications.
Safe, Clean and Unbiased Elections with Encrypted QR Code Voter Cardsijcisjournal
This document proposes a novel approach to conducting safe, clean and unbiased elections through the use of encrypted QR codes on voter cards and a Voter Card Processor (VCAP) device. Key aspects include:
1) The election commission would generate an encryption key pair and encrypt voter details before encoding them in a QR code printed on voter cards.
2) A VCAP device at polling stations would scan QR codes, decrypt the voter details, and verify the identity of voters before allowing them to cast ballots. This prevents compromised voting.
3) The VCAP would also check its memory to identify repeat voters attempting to vote twice, enhancing security.
4) The system aims to automate voter verification and
The project sets sight on authenticating the conventional Credit card transaction system. In the prevailing system though the Credit card paves a convenient mode of transactions, it is subjected to more jeopardy. As technology extends its limit, the way of hacking and cracking also goes along the road. In out proposed system, in every transaction with the Credit card a handshaking signal is achieved with the cardholder. The handshaking method is achieved by transferring the transaction time and the purchase details to the mobile of the cardholder by means of a GSM modem. From the acknowledgement and authentication received from the cardholder’s mobile further transaction proceeds. The system used the MCU for the security issues between the Mobile and the Card. Reports can also be generated for every successful authentication.
This document discusses two perspectives on biometrics that reveal limitations to realizing its potential benefits in combating identity fraud, organized crime, and terrorism.
1) The value chain perspective explains that large-scale, compulsory biometric systems for general use allow successful infringements to go unnoticed as they spread. A biometric system is only manageable if it is essential for solving a dominant problem within its value chain.
2) The identity fraud perspective shows that our focus on identity documents, rather than the person and situation, facilitates fraud by making verification procedures predictable. Biometrics will only be effective if it introduces less predictable verification and greater risks of detection for fraudsters.
Standardized, large-scale
This document discusses two-factor authentication in the banking sector, specifically evaluating its performance for automated teller machines (ATMs). It provides background on ATMs, including a brief history of their development from the late 1960s onward. It describes how two-factor authentication works for ATM transactions, requiring both the physical ATM card and a personal identification number (PIN). The document examines different factors of authentication and classifications of factors into things the user has, knows, and is (biometrics).
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Презентація по волонетрських рухах в країнах ЄС та США, інформація про важливість волонтерства як частини майбутнього резюме і життєдіяльності свідомих громадян, як утворюючих частинок суспільства
Nicolás es un aprendiz de tecnología multimedia que ha estado muy dedicado en sus estudios durante los últimos tres meses y medio. Sin embargo, cuando le solicita retroalimentación a su tutor sobre su progreso, el tutor se niega a dársela. Nicolás decide solicitar por escrito las evaluaciones de su trabajo para asegurarse de cumplir con la normativa del SENA.
Fingereye: improvising security and optimizing ATM transaction time based on ...IJECEIAES
The tumultuous increase in ATM attacks using eavesdropping, shoulder-surfing, has risen great concerns. Attackers often target the authentication stage where a customer may be entering his login information on the ATM and thus use direct observation techniques by looking over the customer's shoulder to steal his passwords. Existing authentication mechanism employs the traditional password-based authentication system which fails to curb these attacks. This paper addresses this problem using the FingerEye. The FingerEye is a robust system integrated with iris-scan authentication. A customer’s profile is created at registration where the pattern in his iris is analyzed and converted into binary codes. The binary codes are then stored in the bank database and are required for verification prior to any transaction. We leverage on the iris because every user has unique eyes which do not change until death and even a blind person with iris can be authenticated too. We implemented and tested the proposed system using CIMB bank, Malaysia as case study. The FingerEye is integrated with the current infrastructure employed by the bank and as such, no extra cost was incurred. Our result demonstrates that ATM attacks become impractical. Moreover, transactions were executed faster from 6.5 seconds to 1.4 seconds.
IRJET - A Paper on Enhanced PIN Security for SBI ATM through Aadhaar Linked O...IRJET Journal
The document discusses enhancing ATM security for State Bank of India through Aadhaar-linked OTP or biometrics. It proposes adding fingerprint verification to SBI ATMs, where fingerprints would be linked to the Aadhaar database. This would allow customers to withdraw cash by providing their fingerprint instead of an ATM card and PIN. It would provide another layer of security on top of the existing OTP-based system. The system aims to address security issues like card skimming and prevent cash withdrawals if a user's phone is lost or damaged by allowing verification through Aadhaar biometrics instead.
E Authentication System with QR Code and OTPijtsrd
As a fast web framework is being created and individuals are informationized, even the budgetary undertakings are occupied with web field. In PC organizing, hacking is any specialized exertion to control the ordinary conduct of system associations and associated frameworks. The current web banking framework was presented to the threat of hacking and its result which couldnt be overlooked. As of late, the individual data has been spilled by a high degree technique, for example, Phishing or Pharming past grabbing a clients ID and Password. Along these lines, a protected client affirmation framework gets considerably more fundamental and significant. Right now, propose another Online Banking Authentication framework. This confirmation framework utilized Mobile OTP with the mix of QR code which is a variation of the 2D standardized identification. 1 6 7 Afrin Hussain "E-Authentication System with QR Code & OTP" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30808.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/30808/eauthentication-system-with-qr-code-and-otp/afrin-hussain
Tokenization is a technology used by banks to protect customer data from fraud. It involves substituting sensitive data with unique, non-sensitive tokens. This makes the data less useful to hackers if accessed without context. Tokenization protects data during transactions more effectively than encryption alone by not requiring decryption of sensitive details that could be exposed. Common payment attacks like relay attacks that steal data during transactions cannot be used with tokenized data since the token cannot be used outside of its intended transaction.
Wireless Serial Data Synchronization for Money Transaction Using Multi Accoun...IJSRED
This document summarizes a proposed system for a multi-account ATM card that allows users to access multiple bank accounts with one card. The system uses eye tracking and facial recognition to authenticate authorized users. For unauthorized users, it sends an OTP to the authorized user's phone that must be entered for access. This provides enhanced security while allowing the convenience of managing multiple accounts in one card. If eye tracking authenticates the user, they can select the bank account to use from a displayed list.
This document discusses enhancing security features for automated teller machines (ATMs) from a Ghanaian perspective. It proposes using biometric authentication, like fingerprint scanning, instead of personal identification numbers (PINs) for ATM access. The document provides an overview of common ATM fraud and recommends approaches to prevent fraud, including developing a prototype biometrically equipped ATM model. It notes that ATMs in Ghanaian banks currently do not use biometric technology, so the research aims to increase security.
This document discusses a model for reducing phishing attacks involving SIM card cloning in internet banking. It begins with an introduction describing how internet banking in South Africa has become vulnerable to fraudsters using phishing to steal users' information and then conducting fraudulent SIM swaps to intercept authorization codes. The background section then reviews literature on the causes of this vulnerability, how phishing and SIM cloning is used in these attacks, and the elements needed to reduce such fraudulent transactions, including increased cooperation between banks and mobile operators. The proposed model aims to reflect the actions needed by these groups to address this growing security problem.
Preventing Internet Fraud By Preventing Identity TheftDiane M. Metcalf
This document summarizes a research study on educating consumers to prevent identity theft and reduce e-commerce fraud. The study involved providing an identity theft prevention class to elementary school staff and measuring its effectiveness through pre- and post-tests. The class covered safe online practices like identifying spoofed emails and calls. It provided an interactive quiz and presentations on topics like privacy on public WiFi and social media. The results showed participants improved their knowledge after the class, correctly answering more questions on the post-test about common fraud scenarios. The study aims to determine if educating consumers empowers them to better protect their personal information and reduce identity theft online.
The document proposes a virtual password system to improve security for online banking transactions. In the proposed system, a mobile application is used to generate one-time virtual passwords based on a permanent PIN number and random number, removing the vulnerabilities of password delivery via SMS. This virtual password system aims to enhance security by making password guessing and hacking techniques like phishing and keylogging more difficult to exploit.
Multimodal Biometric endorsement for secure Internet banking using Skin Spect...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a multimodal biometric authentication system for secure internet banking using skin spectroscopy, finger knuckle texture, and finger nail recognition. It discusses the limitations of unimodal biometric systems and how a multimodal approach combining three biometrics—skin spectroscopy, knuckle texture, and nail plate analysis—can improve accuracy and security. The system aims to provide stronger authentication for internet banking transactions compared to traditional password or token-based systems.
Improvement of a PIN-Entry Method Resilient to ShoulderSurfing and Recording ...IJRTEMJOURNAL
The scope of this work extends to system components (for example service providers, networks,
servers, hosts, applications, processes and personnel) which are used to exchange PIN-related data. The PIN
Guidelines in this document encompass PIN security within any one system or sub-system and between systems.
This process designs 10 digit keypad with random RGB color SCHEME using a Fast Finite-State Algorithm for
Generating RGB Palettes of Color. In this work, we propose a color finite-state LBG (CFSLBG) algorithm that
reduces the computation time by exploiting the correlations of palette entries between the current and previous
iterations.
Automated teller machine (ATM) theft is a major problem, with estimates of 5,500 crimes per year in the US. Criminals use various methods like card skimming, card trapping, and deposit fraud to steal people's card information and PINs to withdraw money from their accounts. Banks can help prevent such theft by implementing better security technologies like biometrics and alert systems, as well as educating customers about common scams.
CASE STUDY ON PKI & BIOMETRIC BASED APPLICATIONPankaj Rane
Public Key Infrastructure is a widely deployed security technology for handling key distribution and validation in computer security. Despite PKI’s popularity as a security solution, Phishing and other Man-in-the-Middle related attacks are accomplished with ease throughout our computer networks. The major problems with PKI come down to trust, and largely, how much faith we must place in cryptographic keys alone to establish authenticity and identity.
In this paper, we look at a novel biometric solution that mitigates this problem at both the user and certificate authority levels. More importantly, we examine the trouble with the application of unprotected biometric features directly into PKI, and propose the integration of a secure, revocable biometric template protection technology that supports transactional key release. A detailed explanation of this new Biometric application is provided, including composition, enrollment, authentication, and revocation details. The Biometric provides a new paradigm for blending elements of physical and virtual security to address pesky network attacks that more conventional approaches have not been able to stop.
A Survey: Fusion of Fingerprint and Iris for ATM servicesIRJET Journal
This document discusses a proposed fusion of fingerprint and iris biometrics for ATM authentication to improve security. Currently, ATMs authenticate users using cards and PINs, which have flaws as PINs can be stolen. The document proposes a multimodal biometric system integrated with ATMs that uses both fingerprint and iris scans to verify user identity. It describes background on ATM security and biometrics, as well as challenges with existing unimodal biometric systems that use a single trait. The proposed system aims to increase security by fusing fingerprint and iris biometrics to reduce false acceptances and require thieves to steal both fingerprints and irises to steal funds.
This document proposes a location-based authentication system for enhancing e-banking security on smartphones. It reviews how location can be used as an additional authentication factor beyond traditional methods like passwords. The system would authenticate users by checking their GPS location on a timely basis in addition to their credentials. Using location tracking and self-destructing encryption keys that expire makes the system more secure by preventing unauthorized access to banking data and funds from outside approved locations. The goal is to offer banks more secure ways to provide mobile banking services via smartphone applications.
Safe, Clean and Unbiased Elections with Encrypted QR Code Voter Cardsijcisjournal
This document proposes a novel approach to conducting safe, clean and unbiased elections through the use of encrypted QR codes on voter cards and a Voter Card Processor (VCAP) device. Key aspects include:
1) The election commission would generate an encryption key pair and encrypt voter details before encoding them in a QR code printed on voter cards.
2) A VCAP device at polling stations would scan QR codes, decrypt the voter details, and verify the identity of voters before allowing them to cast ballots. This prevents compromised voting.
3) The VCAP would also check its memory to identify repeat voters attempting to vote twice, enhancing security.
4) The system aims to automate voter verification and
The project sets sight on authenticating the conventional Credit card transaction system. In the prevailing system though the Credit card paves a convenient mode of transactions, it is subjected to more jeopardy. As technology extends its limit, the way of hacking and cracking also goes along the road. In out proposed system, in every transaction with the Credit card a handshaking signal is achieved with the cardholder. The handshaking method is achieved by transferring the transaction time and the purchase details to the mobile of the cardholder by means of a GSM modem. From the acknowledgement and authentication received from the cardholder’s mobile further transaction proceeds. The system used the MCU for the security issues between the Mobile and the Card. Reports can also be generated for every successful authentication.
This document discusses two perspectives on biometrics that reveal limitations to realizing its potential benefits in combating identity fraud, organized crime, and terrorism.
1) The value chain perspective explains that large-scale, compulsory biometric systems for general use allow successful infringements to go unnoticed as they spread. A biometric system is only manageable if it is essential for solving a dominant problem within its value chain.
2) The identity fraud perspective shows that our focus on identity documents, rather than the person and situation, facilitates fraud by making verification procedures predictable. Biometrics will only be effective if it introduces less predictable verification and greater risks of detection for fraudsters.
Standardized, large-scale
This document discusses two-factor authentication in the banking sector, specifically evaluating its performance for automated teller machines (ATMs). It provides background on ATMs, including a brief history of their development from the late 1960s onward. It describes how two-factor authentication works for ATM transactions, requiring both the physical ATM card and a personal identification number (PIN). The document examines different factors of authentication and classifications of factors into things the user has, knows, and is (biometrics).
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Презентація по волонетрських рухах в країнах ЄС та США, інформація про важливість волонтерства як частини майбутнього резюме і життєдіяльності свідомих громадян, як утворюючих частинок суспільства
Nicolás es un aprendiz de tecnología multimedia que ha estado muy dedicado en sus estudios durante los últimos tres meses y medio. Sin embargo, cuando le solicita retroalimentación a su tutor sobre su progreso, el tutor se niega a dársela. Nicolás decide solicitar por escrito las evaluaciones de su trabajo para asegurarse de cumplir con la normativa del SENA.
El SENA tiene la misión de ofrecer formación profesional integral a los trabajadores colombianos para contribuir al desarrollo social, económico y tecnológico del país. Su visión es convertirse en una entidad de clase mundial en formación profesional e innovación para 2020. Ofrece diversos servicios de bienestar a los aprendices y utiliza las herramientas SOFIA PLUS y Blackboard para gestionar la formación de manera eficiente y de calidad.
Tres aprendices deben actualizar su cédula de ciudadanía ya que ingresaron con tarjeta de identidad y ahora son mayores de edad. Uno de ellos no cumple con su plan de mejoramiento y no quiere participar en salidas técnicas. Otra persona está accediendo a la cuenta de uno de los aprendices. El representante debe identificar en qué partes del reglamento se están incumpliendo estas normas.
Angela M. Arzayus-Bustos is an architect with over 12 years of experience in residential construction projects. She has worked as an assistant project manager for Coach Inc., as a project architect and AutoCAD technician for Bricolage Architecture & Designs in Brooklyn, NY, and as a construction project architect in Bogota, Colombia. She has a BA in Architecture from Jorge Tadeo Lozano University and is proficient in AutoCAD, Acrobat, Microsoft Office, and Bluebeam Revu.
Las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TICs) se utilizan para almacenar, procesar y difundir información en las unidades de cualquier organización, permitiendo apoyar a las pequeñas y medianas empresas, ofrecer educación a distancia para empleados, y dar acceso a conocimientos e información que puede empoderar a las personas.
El documento describe las actividades realizadas por un equipo de estudiantes de prácticas en una escuela primaria para implementar un proyecto sobre convivencia y respeto. En la primera sesión, los estudiantes tuvieron dificultades para reunir a los maestros. Más tarde, presentaron el proyecto y realizaron dinámicas para obtener la perspectiva de los maestros sobre estos temas. En la sesión siguiente, implementaron actividades en un salón de cuarto grado que incluyeron debates y la creación de collages sobre gustos
The document summarizes 6 travels the author took that helped change their life. Each travel is described in 1-2 sentences noting where they went and who they traveled with. They then share a key lesson learned from each travel experience. Graphs are presented showing how the author's life has changed over time in terms of work/income activities, leisure activities, and well-being since beginning these transformative travels 5 years ago. Friends of the author also comment on how the author has changed and been an inspiration to them.
Este documento describe la flora y fauna de Ecuador. Detalla que Ecuador tiene una gran diversidad de especies, con alrededor de un 10% de todas las plantas del planeta y el 8% de especies de animales. También tiene muchos parques nacionales y áreas protegidas que conservan ecosistemas que van desde el nivel del mar hasta los 6400 metros de altitud. Los objetivos son garantizar la conservación de la flora y fauna en una vereda en particular y educar a la comunidad sobre la biodiversidad local.
Este documento describe la importancia central de la Eucaristía en la Iglesia católica. Explica que la Eucaristía es la fuente y cumbre de la vida cristiana y expresa la unión con Dios y entre los fieles. Además, detalla las diferentes partes de la misa, incluyendo la liturgia de la Palabra y la liturgia Eucarística, y la obligación de los católicos de asistir a misa los domingos y días santos. Finalmente, anima a los fieles a particip
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Credit Cards Frauds and Cybersecurity Threats Machine Learning Detection Algo...ijtsrd
Credit and Debit cards have become the choice mode of payment online as a result of the proliferation of electronic transactions and advancement in Information and Communication Technology ICT . Because of the increased use of credit cards for payment online, the number of fraud cases associated with it has also increased scammers and fraudsters are stealing credit card information of victims online and thereby stealing their monies. There is the need therefore to stop or abate these frauds using very powerful fraud detection system that detects patterns of credit card frauds in order to prevent it from occurring. In this paper we x rayed the concept of credit card frauds and how they are carried out by fraudsters. Python 3.7.6 programming language, Jupyter Notebook 6.0.3 and Anaconda Navigator 1.9.12 were used as experimental test bed. Also, we implemented two different supervised machine learning algorithms on an imbalanced dataset such as Decision Tree and Random forest techniques. A comparative analysis of the credit card detection capabilities of these machine learning algorithms were carried out to ascertain the best detection algorithm using different performance evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, f1 score, confusion matrix. Experimental results showed that Random Forest outperformed Decision Tree algorithm slightly in performance metrics used for performance evaluation. Obodoeze Fidelis C. | Oliver Ifeoma Catherine | Onyemachi George Olisamaka | Udeh Ifeanyi Frank Gideon | Obiokafor, Ifeyinwa Nkemdilim "Credit Cards Frauds and Cybersecurity Threats: Machine Learning Detection Algorithms as Countermeasures" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52440.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/52440/credit-cards-frauds-and-cybersecurity-threats-machine-learning-detection-algorithms-as-countermeasures/obodoeze-fidelis-c
The credit card has become the most popular mode of payment for both online as well as
regular purchase, in cases of fraud associated with it are also rising. Credit card frauds are increasing
day by day regardless of the various techniques developed for its detection. Fraudsters are so expert that
they generate new ways for committing fraudulent transactions each day which demands constant
innovation for its detection techniques. Most of the techniques based on Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy
logic, neural network, logistic regression, naïve Bayesian, Machine learning, Sequence Alignment,
decision tree, Bayesian network, meta learning, Genetic Programming etc., these are evolved in
detecting various credit card fraudulent transactions. This paper presents a survey of various techniques
used in credit card fraud detection mechanisms.
Credit Card Fraud Detection System Using Machine Learning AlgorithmIRJET Journal
This document discusses using machine learning algorithms to detect credit card fraud. It begins with an abstract that introduces credit card fraud as an increasing problem and machine learning as a solution. The introduction provides more background on credit card fraud and detection methods. It then discusses several machine learning algorithms that can be used for credit card fraud detection, including logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, and XGBoost. It concludes that hybrid models combining individual algorithms performed best on a publicly available credit card dataset, with the highest Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.823. References are provided on related work in credit card fraud detection techniques.
Online Payment System using Steganography and Visual CryptographyIJCERT
In recent time there is rapid growth in E-Commerce market. Major concerns for customers in online shopping are debit card or credit card fraud and personal information security. Identity theft and phishing are common threats of online shopping. Phishing is a method of stealing personal confidential information such as username, passwords and credit card details from victims. It is a social engineering technique used to deceive users. In this paper new method is proposed that uses text based steganography and visual cryptography. It represents new approach which will provide limited information for fund transfer. This method secures the customer's data and increases customer's confidence and prevents identity theft.
Survey on Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Different Data Mining Techniquesijsrd.com
In today's world of e-commerce, credit card payment is the most popular and most important mean of payment due to fast technology. As the usage of credit card has increased the number of fraud transaction is also increasing. Credit card fraud is very serious and growing problem throughout the world. This paper represents the survey of various fraud detection techniques through which fraud can be detected. Although there are serious fraud detection technology exits based on data mining, knowledge discovery but they are not capable to detect the fraud at a time when fraudulent transaction are in progress so two techniques Neural Network and Hidden Markov Model(HMM) are capable to detect the fraudulent transaction is in progress. HMM categorizes card holder profile as low, medium, and high spending on their spending behavior. A set of probability is assigned to each cardholder for amount of transaction. The amount of incoming transaction is matched with cardholder previous transaction, if it is justified a predefined threshold value then a transaction is considered as a legitimate else it is considered as a fraud.
Transactions Using Bio-Metric AuthenticationIRJET Journal
This document proposes a new method for securing ATM and point-of-sale transactions using biometric authentication. The current systems that rely only on PINs are not fully secure as PINs can be stolen. The proposed method uses facial recognition combined with PIN entry to verify the identity of the user. It describes capturing a photo of the user's face at the ATM/point-of-sale machine and matching it with their biometric database profile for authentication. If an unauthorized person tries to use the card, their photo would be sent to the registered user for verification before allowing the transaction. This provides improved security over existing authentication methods.
1) The document discusses using hidden Markov models to analyze credit card transaction patterns to detect fraudulent activity. It analyzes the spending profiles of cardholders over their last 20 transactions to identify anomalies.
2) The proposed model uses low, medium, and high price ranges to classify transaction amounts and detect deviations from normal spending patterns.
3) The analysis calculates the percentage of transactions in each spending profile category based on past transactions to identify unusual activity. Detecting fraudulent transactions in real-time can prevent further losses.
Analysis of Spending Pattern on Credit Card Fraud DetectionIOSR Journals
1) The document proposes using hidden Markov models to analyze credit card transaction patterns and detect fraudulent transactions. It examines spending profiles of cardholders to identify anomalies compared to normal usage.
2) The key aspects of the proposed system include modeling the different types of purchases as hidden states and transaction amounts as observations in an HMM. The HMM can then detect fraudulent transactions based on deviations from a cardholder's typical spending pattern.
3) Preliminary results show the approach can effectively identify a cardholder's spending profile based on historical transactions and flag transactions inconsistent with that profile as potentially fraudulent.
An Enhanced Automated Teller Machine Security Prototype using Fingerprint Bio...Eswar Publications
The steady growth in electronic transactions has promoted the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) thereby making it the main transaction channel for carrying out financial transactions. However, this has also increased the amount of fraudulent activities carried out on Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) thereby calling for efficient security mechanisms and increasing the demand for fast and accurate user identification and
authentication in ATMs. This research analyses, designs and proposes a biometric authentication prototype for integrating fingerprint security with ATMs as an added layer of security. A fingerprint biometric technique was fused with personal identification numbers (PIN's) for authentication to ameliorate the security level. The prototype was simulated using a fingerprint scanner and Java Platform Enterprise Edition was used to develop an ATM application which was used to synchronize with a fingerprint scanner thereby providing a biometric authentication scheme for carrying out transactions on an ATM.
How AI is impacting digital identity security.pdfVLink Inc
AI is revolutionizing digital identity security by enhancing authentication methods, detecting anomalies, and preventing fraud with its ability to analyze vast data sets and recognize patterns accurately.
Website : https://vlinkinc-my.sharepoint.com/:w:/g/personal/vipul_bhardwaj_vlinkinfo_com/EaQPA2UFPuxKomhOXisVC40Bmj4Jvbu6Zx5XRvmCfNJMSQ?e=cjJXCt
FRAUD DETECTION IN CREDIT CARD TRANSACTIONSIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on detecting credit card fraud using machine learning algorithms. It begins by introducing the challenges of credit card fraud detection and how traditional methods are insufficient. Then it discusses how machine learning algorithms can be applied to transaction data to identify complex fraud patterns in real-time. The document outlines the methodology, including data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, model selection and training, and model evaluation. Finally, it presents the results and performance of logistic regression, support vector machines, and random forest algorithms on the fraud detection task and concludes that machine learning is a promising approach.
A Comparative Study on Online Transaction Fraud Detection by using Machine Le...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used machine learning and Python to detect online transaction fraud. It describes how online transactions and fraud are increasing. The study used a real credit card dataset to train models like KNN, NB, and SVM to detect fraudulent transactions based on user behavior patterns and restrict fraudulent users after three failed attempts. The goal was to develop a system that can detect fraud in real-time and prevent losses for banks and credit card users.
Identity crime is well known, prevalent, and costly, and credit application scam is a specific case of identity crime. The existing no data mining recognition system of business rules and scorecards and known scam matching have confines. To address these confines and combat identity crime in real time, this paper proposes a new multilayered discovery system complemented with two additional layers: communal detection (CD) and spike detection (SD). CD finds real social relationships to reduce the suspicion score, and is tamper unaffected to synthetic social relationships. It is the whitelist-oriented methodology on a fixed set of attributes. SD finds spikes in false to increase the suspicion score, and is probe-unaffected for elements. It is the attribute-oriented approach on a variable-size set of elements. Together, CD and SD can detect more types of attacks, better account for changing legal activities, and remove the redundant elements. Experiments were carried out on CD and SD with several million real credit applications. Results on the data support the suggestion that successful credit application scam patterns are sudden and exhibit sharp spikes in false. Although this research is specific to credit application scam recognition, the concept of flexibility, together with adaptively and quality data discussed in the paper, are general to the model, implementation, and evaluation of all recognition systems.
Introduction to Computer Forensics & Cyber Securitypivisoc989
The document discusses various topics related to cybercrimes including hacking, cracking, credit card fraud, and cybercrime prevention techniques. It provides details on traditional and modern credit card fraud techniques such as skimming, phishing, and credit card number generators. It also discusses emerging trends in mobile commerce/banking and wireless credit card processing systems. Web technology and cryptography concepts are explained including encryption algorithms and security features. Real-life cases of identity theft and fraud are outlined. The legal perspectives on cybercrime from an international and Indian standpoint are presented along with cybercrime statistics in India.
IRIS Recognition Based Authentication System In ATMIJTET Journal
Security and Authentication of individuals is necessary for our daily lives especially in ATMs. It has been improved by using biometric verification techniques like face recognition, fingerprints, voice and other traits, comparing these existing traits, there is still need for considerable computer vision. Iris recognition is a particular type of biometric system that can be used to reliably identify a person uniquely by analyzing the patterns found in the iris. Initially Iris images are collected as datasets and maintained in agent memory. Then the Iris and pupil are detected from the image, removing noises. The features of the iris were encoded by convolving the normalized iris region with 2DGabor filter. The Hamming distance was chosen as a matching metric, which gave the measure of how many bits disagreed between the templates of the iris.
The document proposes an online credit card fraud detection and prevention system using machine learning algorithms like random forest, decision trees, and others to classify transactions as normal or fraudulent. It discusses limitations in existing fraud detection systems and outlines the proposed system which will use a random forest algorithm to detect fraud during transactions and prevent fraudulent transactions from occurring. The proposed system aims to provide higher accuracy and security compared to existing fraud detection systems.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 – CoE RolesDianaGray10
In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
• What roles are essential?
• What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
AI in the Workplace Reskilling, Upskilling, and Future Work.pptxSunil Jagani
Discover how AI is transforming the workplace and learn strategies for reskilling and upskilling employees to stay ahead. This comprehensive guide covers the impact of AI on jobs, essential skills for the future, and successful case studies from industry leaders. Embrace AI-driven changes, foster continuous learning, and build a future-ready workforce.
Read More - https://bit.ly/3VKly70
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
MySQL InnoDB Storage Engine: Deep Dive - MydbopsMydbops
This presentation, titled "MySQL - InnoDB" and delivered by Mayank Prasad at the Mydbops Open Source Database Meetup 16 on June 8th, 2024, covers dynamic configuration of REDO logs and instant ADD/DROP columns in InnoDB.
This presentation dives deep into the world of InnoDB, exploring two ground-breaking features introduced in MySQL 8.0:
• Dynamic Configuration of REDO Logs: Enhance your database's performance and flexibility with on-the-fly adjustments to REDO log capacity. Unleash the power of the snake metaphor to visualize how InnoDB manages REDO log files.
• Instant ADD/DROP Columns: Say goodbye to costly table rebuilds! This presentation unveils how InnoDB now enables seamless addition and removal of columns without compromising data integrity or incurring downtime.
Key Learnings:
• Grasp the concept of REDO logs and their significance in InnoDB's transaction management.
• Discover the advantages of dynamic REDO log configuration and how to leverage it for optimal performance.
• Understand the inner workings of instant ADD/DROP columns and their impact on database operations.
• Gain valuable insights into the row versioning mechanism that empowers instant column modifications.
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
Getting the Most Out of ScyllaDB Monitoring: ShareChat's TipsScyllaDB
ScyllaDB monitoring provides a lot of useful information. But sometimes it’s not easy to find the root of the problem if something is wrong or even estimate the remaining capacity by the load on the cluster. This talk shares our team's practical tips on: 1) How to find the root of the problem by metrics if ScyllaDB is slow 2) How to interpret the load and plan capacity for the future 3) Compaction strategies and how to choose the right one 4) Important metrics which aren’t available in the default monitoring setup.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor IvaniukFwdays
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
👉 Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
📕 Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
👉 Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...GlobalLogic Ukraine
Під час доповіді відповімо на питання, навіщо потрібно підвищувати продуктивність аплікації і які є найефективніші способи для цього. А також поговоримо про те, що таке кеш, які його види бувають та, основне — як знайти performance bottleneck?
Відео та деталі заходу: https://bit.ly/45tILxj
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
H029044050
1. Research Inventy: International Journal Of Engineering And Science
Vol.2, Issue 9(April 2013), Pp 44-50
Issn(e): 2278-4721, Issn(p):2319-6483, Www.Researchinventy.Com
44
Credit Card Duplication and Crime Prevention Using Biometrics
1,
Prithika.M , 2,
P.Rajalakshmi
1,2,
Computer Science and Engineering, R.M.K. Engineering College,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract – A phenomenal growth in the number of credit card transactions, especially for on-line purchases,
has also led to a substantial rise in fraudulent activities. Credit card fraudulent transactions are very easy to
conduct, while very difficult to recover, compared to the fraud cases in hard-products transactions. In real life,
fraudulent transactions could be interspersed with genuine transactions and simple pattern matching techniques
are not often sufficient to detect the fraudulent transactions efficiently. Moreover, surrogate representations of
identity can be easily forgotten, lost, guessed, stolen, or shared. Further it can be hacked through malicious
websites or prone to security breaches. Implementation of efficient fraud detection systems has thus become
imperative for all credit card companies in order to minimize their losses.In this paper, we propose a IRPV (Iris
Recognition and Palm Vein) recognition technology which will help add even more security to existing biometric
devices that may be susceptible to fraud. The techniques used are Palm vein technology, along with iris
recognition. It is difficult to crack, because each person’s vein pattern is unique. Thus, biometric systems impart
higher levels of security when appropriately integrated into applications requiring user authentication. The
experimental results show that the detection rate would prove 99.995% compared to traditional methods.
Keywords - Biometrics, Credit Card Fraud, ICP Algorithm, Iris Recognition, Palm Vein technology.
I. INTRODUCTION
Plastic money is the technology that enables customers to access banking and financial services
through the use of their credit/debit. Since the need for banking has greatly increased over the past few years,
banks and financial institutions allow customers to withdraw, transfer and deposit money using cards. Although
plastic money may offer benefits, there are risks involved. Card transaction like other types of traditional and
online banking systems, is susceptible to security breaches. Accessing financial services through credit/debit
cards may result in sensitive financial data falling into wrong hands. Also other risks include loss of a
customer's cards or theft of valuable PIN information. Credit card fraud detection [1] has drawn a lot of
research interest and a number of techniques, with special emphasis on data mining. Credit card fraud can be
defined as “Unauthorized access of credit card by a person for his own use. The person using the card does not
have any connection with the cardholder or issuer. Credit card fraud can happen in a variety of ways, from low
tech diving to high tech hacking. To overcome the limitations mentioned above, in this paper we have proposed
an idea of using two techniques of biometric authentication. In Iris recognition phase the iris information is
encrypted and sent to the bank server along with the customer’s account number. The bank server also has an
encryption algorithm which is identical to encrypt iris to make a match. This would make the mobile banking
process well secured. The palm vein technology is an authentication scheme that scans a person’s palm and
authorizes him based on his vein pattern. The device sends out infrared radiations that pass deep into the
person’s palm and scans his vein pattern. Also the already discussed risk of possibility of others accessing one’s
bank account when his credit card is stolen is eliminated since palm vein technology is used for authentication
of the user who login.
II. EXISTING SYSTEM
A. Personal Identification Number
A personal identification number (PIN, pronounced "pin") is a secret numeric password shared between
a user and a system that can be used to authenticate the user to the system. The user is granted access only when
the number entered matches with the number stored in the system. Hence, despite the name, a PIN does
not personally identify the user. Financial PINs are often four-digit numbers in the range 0000-9999, resulting in
10,000 possible numbers[2]. Many PIN verification systems allow three attempts, thereby giving a card thief a
0.06% probability of guessing the correct PIN before the card is blocked.The significant disadvantage of using a
PIN is that the number can be stolen using skimmers. Using pre-fabricated geared device perfectly matched to
the hardware of Bank ATMs, they will be able to read the magnetic stripe off of victims' cards and even record
victims punching in their PINs as shown in figure 1. After this clones are made from their victims' cards, and are
used with the recorded PIN.
2. Credit Card Duplication And Crime...
45
Fig 1: Recording the PIN using skimmers
B. Mechanical Imprint
Until the introduction of Chip and PIN, all face-to-face credit or debit card transactions used
a magnetic stripe or mechanical imprint to read and record account data, and a signature for verification. Under
this system, the customer hands their card to the clerk at the point of sale, who either "swipes" the card through
a magnetic reader or makes an imprint from the raised text of the card. In the former case, the account details are
verified and a slip for the customer to sign is printed[3]. In the case of a mechanical imprint, the transaction
details are filled in and the customer signs the imprinted slip. In either case, the clerk verifies that the signature
matches that on the back of the card to authenticate the transaction. This system has proved to be ineffective,
because it has a number of security flaws, including the ability to steal a card in the post, or to learn to forge the
signature on the card. More recently, technology has become available on the black market for both reading and
writing the magnetic stripes, allowing cards to be easily cloned and used without the owner's knowledge.
C. Finger Print Authentication
Fingerprints are one of many techniques used to identify individuals and verify their identify. Matching
algorithms used to compare previously stored templates of fingerprints against candidate fingerprints
for authentication purposes. Pattern based algorithms compare the basic fingerprint patterns (arch, whole, and
loop) between a previously stored template and a candidate fingerprint. The candidate fingerprint image is
graphically compared with the template to determine the degree to which they match. The major disadvantage
here is that Finger print authentication cannot be successful if the user has a band aid on his finger. Another
disadvantage is fingerprint remains the same even if the person is unconscious or dead. This leads to
unauthorized use of a person’s fingerprint without his consent.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
To overcome the limitations of the existing authentication systems of the usage of credit cards, we have
proposed a new system of authentication in which authentication is done through two phases. The first phase is
verifying the identity of the user using iris recognition and the second phase is the authentication using palm
vein technology.
The entire process of our proposed IRPV recognition technology is shown in Fig 2.
Fig. 2: Block Diagram IRPV recognition technology
3. Credit Card Duplication And Crime...
46
Initially the user will be asked to insert his card. The database is checked to verify if such an account exists. If
exists, the user will be authenticated using iris recognition. If the user is authenticated in this phase, he will then
be asked to stretch out his palm for the vein pattern authentication. This is compared with the stored pattern and
if it matches the user is, authenticated. A simple flowchart for the proposed system is shown in Fig 3.
Fig 3: Flowchart for IRPV recognition technology
A. Algorithm for IRPV technique:
Insert card
Checks if it is a valid account
If account exists
Enters iris recognition phase
Converts to data pattern
Compares scanned iris pattern with stored pattern
If patterns match
Show palm for authentication
Converts to data pattern using ICP algorithm
Compares scanned pattern with stored pattern
If patterns match
Transaction Occurs successfully
Else
Mismatch in palm pattern
Transaction failed
Else
Mismatch in iris pattern
Transaction failed
Else
Account does not exist
B. Iris Recognition :
Users today mostly use textual passwords that follow an encryption algorithm. Mostly textual
passwords, nowadays, are kept very simple say a word from the dictionary or their pet names, girlfriends etc.
Years back Klein performed such tests and he could crack 10-15 passwords per day. Now with the technology
change, fast processors and many tools on the Internet this has become a Child's Play. Therefore we use
Biometrics in our authentication which is more customizable and very interesting way of authentication.
4. Credit Card Duplication And Crime...
47
Iris recognition is a method of biometric authentication that uses pattern recognition techniques based on high-
resolution images of the iris of an individual's eyes. Iris systems have a very low False Accept Rate (FAR)
compared to other biometric traits; the False Reject Rate (FRR) of these systems can be rather high .Image
processing techniques can be employed to extract the unique iris pattern from a digitized image of the eye, and
encode it into a biometric template, which can be stored in a database. This biometric template contains an
objective mathematical representation of the unique information stored in the iris, and allows comparisons to be
made between templates.
Fig 4: Iris recognition
A typical iris recognition system in involves three main modules:
Image acquisition: It is to capture a sequence of iris images from the subject using a specifically designed
sensor.
Preprocessing Stage: It includes determining the boundary of the iris within the eye image, and extracts the iris
portion from the image to facilitate its processing. It includes various stages such as:
a. Iris Segmentation
d. Iris Normalization
e. Image Enhancement
Feature extraction and Encoding : This is the most key component of an iris rrecognition system and determines
the system’s performance to a large extent. Iris recognition produces the correct result by extracting features of
the input images and matching these features with known patterns in the feature database.
IV. IMAGE ACQUISITION
Image acquisition is considered the most critical step since all subsequent stages depend highly on the
image quality. In order to accomplish this, the resolution is set to 640x480, the type of the image to jpeg, and the
mode to white and black for greater details. Furthermore, we took the eye pictures while trying to maintain
appropriate settings such as lighting and distance to camera.
V. SEGMENTATION
The main purpose of this process is to locate the iris on the image and isolate it from the rest of the eye
image for further processing. Some other important tasks that are also performed in this iris segmentation block
include image quality enhancement, noise reduction, and emphasis of the ridges of the iris. The image was
filtered using Gaussian filter, which blurs the image and reduces effects due to noise. The iris inner and outer
boundaries are located by finding the edge image using the Canny edge detector, then using the Hough
transform to find the circles in the edge image. For every edge pixel, the points on the circles surrounding it at
different radius are taken, and their weights are increased if they are edge points too, and these weights are
added to the accumulator array. Thus, after all radiuses and edge pixels have been searched, the maximum from
the accumulator array is used to find the center of the circle and its radius according to the equation. Where X, Y
are the center of the circle and r is the radius of the circle. The highest two points in the Hough space correspond
to the radius and center coordinates of the circle best defined by the edge points.
VI. NORMALIZATION
Once the iris region is segmented, the next stage is to normalize this part, to enable generation of the
"iris code" and their comparisons. Since variations in the eye, like optical size of the iris, position of pupil in the
iris, and the iris orientation change person to person, it is required to normalize the iris image so that the
representation is common to all with similar dimensions. Normalization process involves unwrapping the iris
and converting it into its polar equivalent. Since in most cases the upper and lower parts of the iris area are
occluded by eyelid, it was decided to use only the left and right parts of the iris area for iris recognition.
Therefore, the whole iris is not transformed in the proposed system. Experiments were conducted by
5. Credit Card Duplication And Crime...
48
normalizing the iris ignoring both upper and lower eyelid areas. The size of the rectangular block is reduced
accordingly. Left and right images each one of size 112×60 are obtained. By applying this approach, detection
time of upper and lower eyelids and 64.4% cost of the polar transformation are saved. Results have shown that
information in these portions of iris is subjective for iris recognition.
VII. FEATURE EXTRACTION
The wavelets to signal and image processing have provided a very flexible tool for engineers to apply
in various fields such as speech and image processing. In an iris recognition system, the 2-D wavelet transform
is only used for preprocessing. The preprocessing helps to reduce the dimensionality of feature vector and to
remove noise. Nevertheless, the computational complexity is comparatively high. The wavelet filters are used to
decompose signals into high and low frequency by convolution. The wavelet filters are used to decompose
signals into high and low frequency by convolution.registered one or to the bank of stored files for verification,
all in a period of seconds. Numbers and positions of veins and their crossing points are all compared and,
depending on verification, the person is either granted or denied access.
C. Palm Vein Technology:
Users today mostly use textual passwords that follow an encryption algorithm. Mostly textual
passwords, nowadays, are kept very simple say a word from the dictionary or their pet names, girlfriends etc.
Years back Klein performed such tests and he could crack 10-15 passwords per day. Now with the technology
change, fast processors and many tools on the Internet this has become a Child's Play. Therefore we use
Biometrics in our authentication which is more customizable and very interesting way of authentication.The
vein matching, [4] also called vascular technology is a technique of biometric identification through the analysis
of the patterns of blood vessels visible from the surface of the skin. An individual first rests his wrist, on some
devices, such that the palm is held centimeters above the device's scanner, which flashes a near-infrared ray on
the palm. Unlike the skin, through which near-infrared light passes, deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood
flowing through the veins absorbs near-infrared rays, illuminating the hemoglobin, causing it to be visible to the
scanner. Arteries and capillaries, whose blood contains oxygenated hemoglobin, which does not absorb near-
infrared light, are invisible to the sensor. The still image captured by the camera, which photographs in the near-
infrared range, appears as a black network, reflecting the palm's vein pattern against the lighter background of
the palm
.
Fig 5: Scanned vein pattern
An individual's palm vein image is converted by Iterative Closest Point algorithms into data points, which is
then compressed, encrypted, and stored by the software and registered along with the other details in his profile
as a reference for future comparison. Iterative Closest Point is an algorithm employed to minimize the difference
between two clouds of points. ICP is often used to reconstruct 2D or 3D surfaces from different scans, to
localize robots and achieve optimal path planning (especially when wheel odometry is unreliable due to slippery
terrain), to co-register bone models, etc. The algorithm as depicted in Fig 4 is conceptually simple and is
commonly used in real-time[5]. It iteratively revises the transformation (translation, rotation) needed to
minimize the distance between the points of two raw scans as in Fig 5.
Thus, each time a person logs in attempting to gain access by a palm scan to a particular bank account or
secured entryway, etc., the newly captured image is likewise processed and compared to the registered one or to
the bank of stored files for verification, all in a period of seconds. Numbers and positions of veins and their
6. Credit Card Duplication And Crime...
49
crossing points are all compared and, depending on verification, the person is either granted or denied
access.Compared with a finger or the back of a hand, a palm has a broader and more complicated vascular
pattern and thus contains a wealth of differentiating features for personal identification. The palm is an ideal
part of the body for this technology; it normally does not have hair which can be an obstacle for photographing
the blood vessel pattern, and it is less susceptible to a change in skin colour, unlike a finger or the back of a
hand. Even if one has registered as a child, and uses it after a very long period, it still remains the same because
the vein pattern is established in the uterus even before birth.Palm vein authentication has a high level of
authentication due to the uniqueness and the complexity of the vein pattern. It is better than finger print scanning
because a fingerprint remains the same even if the person is dead. Thus there are a lot of chances for the
unauthorized user to hurt or kill the card holder for the finger print.
Fig 6: General procedure of the ICP algorithm.
Whereas in the case of palm vein technology, killing a person for the authentication is of no use because the
vein pattern changes due to the stop of the flow of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.Using the data of
140,000 palms from 70,000 individuals, Fujitsu has confirmed that the system has a false acceptance rate of less
than 0.00008% and a false rejection rate of 0.01%, provided the hand is held over the device three times during
registration, with one retry for comparison during authentication. This data does not vary even in various
situations, including after drinking alcohol, taking a bath, going outside, and waking up etc.
Fig 7: ATM for convenience stores with downsized palm vein pattern sensor unit
In ATM or credit card transaction, instead of entering the PIN number, we use palm vein technology for a
secure transaction.
VIII. CONCLUSION
Traditional banking can be quite tedious. Hence the uses of credit, debit and ATM cards have been
introduced. In this paper, the various techniques of credit card fraud and the traditional method to overcome it
have been discussed. A IRPV recognition technology is being proposed which uses biometrics to completely
eradicate credit card fraud. Two different techniques are discussed which can be used separately or together in
order to completely reduce credit card fraud thus making the system more secure and robust.
7. Credit Card Duplication And Crime...
50
IX. FUTURE WORK
To enhance the security of the transaction and to reduce the percentage of credit card crime we propose
a future project where a person’s iris is scanned for authentication even for mobile and online banking. Also it
must be made platform independent and hence it can be run on various types of mobile equipment embedded
with basic ccd camera. By doing this it will eliminate the effort of everyone trying to get specific mobile
equipment that may be too expensive for them to afford.In total, by using this method, the transaction can in no
way be carried without the consent of the card holder. Thus it becomes 100% secure and credit card fraud and
related crimes can be minimized greatly.
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