Proportion and Scale/ Scale/ Miniature Scale/ Monumental Scale/ Proportions/ Golden Ratio

2.  SCALE
 Scale refers to the size of an object in relationship to
another object
 In most cases, the size of objects is compared to our own
human scale.
 We can find examples of this in our homes and workplaces;
for instance
standardized heights have been created for counter tops,
chairs have been scaled to fit our bodies, the widths of
hallways allow for people to comfortably pass one
another

3.  an artwork might be termed miniature, small scale, full scale
or life-size, large scale or larger than life, or monumental.

4.  MINIATURE SCALE
 MONUMENTAL SCALE

5.  proportions
 Proportion refers to the relative size of parts of a whole
(elements within an object).
 We often think of porportions in terms of size relationships
within the human body.
 Proportion is the term used to describe the relationship
between two things of different size.

6. PROPORTION AND SCALE IN ART

7. Michelangelo's David: powerful in size; ideal in
proportion
This image is an excellent
illustration of
both scale and proportion in art.

8.  The scale of this overwhelming figure is
larger than life: over 13 feet tall. In addition
it is placed on a pedestal taller than the
average human, so that the sculpture
towers far above the viewer.This gives it a
sense of godlike grandeur.
The proportions within the body are based
on an ancient Greek mathematical system
which is meant to define perfection in the
human body.

9.  This detail of the face of Michelangelo's David shows the
geometrically calculated proportions described byVitruvius,
which Michelangelo used in all of his figural sculptures. It has
come to represent the ideal of human proportions

10. # In the head of Constantine,, you
can clearly see this shift in
proportion in comparison to the
head of Michelangelo's David
#. In the sculpture of Constantine
the eyes are emphasized--much
larger in size than in an actual
human face--and the forehead is
dramatically shortened.
Roman, Late Empire Constantine the Great

11. MINIATURE
SCALE
Miniatures and model kits are used in
contemporary art whereby artists use
both scratch built miniaturizations or
commercially manufactured model kits to
construct a dialogue between object and
viewer.

12. MINIATURE SCALE MODELS

13. MONUMENTAL
SCALE
The term “Monumental
architecture" refers to large human-
made structures of stone or earth
which are used as public buildings or
communal spaces, as opposed to
everyday private residence.
EXAMPLES:
pyramids, tombs & burial mounds,
plazas, temples, churches, etc..
The defining characteristics of
monumental architecture are their
relatively large size and their public
nature.

14. WHAT IS THE GOLDEN RATIO USED IN MICHELANGELOS DAVID?
 The golden ratio is a recurring relationship found in
math, art and nature, and is thought by many to be
inherently aesthetically pleasing.

15. THE GOLDEN RATIO IN ART
AND ARCHITECTURE
The golden ratio (golden rectangle) is
a proportioning system that governs
the relationship of smaller parts to the
whole.
 It has long been believed to produce
some of the most aesthetically
pleasing
shapes in nature, and as such has been
used in many works of art and
architecture.
The ratio is AB:BC=BC:AC=1:1.618.
The Golden Rectangle diagram

16. The golden ratio is widely applied in ancient art, classical paintings, modern paintings and contemporary
graphic design.
‘Mona Lisa’ by Leonardo da Vinci Stamp design by Stephan Bundi

17. Animals grow according to golden section
Plants grow according to golden section

18. Universe grows according to golden section