1) Soil quality and productivity are influenced by both physical and chemical properties of soil and water. Key physical properties include texture, structure, temperature, and bulk density. Key chemical properties include pH, cation exchange capacity, and nutrient content. 2) Soil productivity is directly related to nutrient quality and quantity in soil and water. Important nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, and micronutrients which support growth of fish food organisms. 3) Both soil quality and productivity depend on maintaining suitable environmental conditions through proper soil and water management. Quality and properties of water, as the basic fish culture element, significantly impact pond productivity.