The document defines several common techniques used in propaganda and advertising: - Bandwagon refers to the psychological phenomenon where people are more likely to adopt beliefs and behaviors as they perceive more others doing the same. - Testimonials are statements from ordinary citizens or celebrities promoting the virtues of a product. - Glittering generalities use emotionally appealing phrases closely associated with valued concepts to promote ideas without evidence. - Name-calling uses insulting labels directed at individuals or groups. - Plain folks presents the speaker as an average person who can relate to listeners' concerns. - Transfer projects qualities between people, objects, or values to make something more acceptable or discredit it. - Card stacking manipulates

1. It is a psychological phenomenon
whereby the rate of uptake of
beliefs, ideas, fads and trends
increases with respect to the
proportion of others who have
already done so. As more people
come to believe in something,
others also "hop on the
bandwagon" regardless of the
underlying evidence.
BANDWAGON

2. In promotion and advertising, a
testimonial or show consists of
a person's written or spoken
statement extolling the virtue of
a product. The term
"testimonial" most commonly
applies to the sales-pitches
attributed to ordinary citizens,
whereas the word
"endorsement" usually applies
to pitches by celebrities.
TESTIMONIAL

3. A glittering generality or
glowing generality is an
emotionally appealing phrase
so closely associated with
highly valued concepts
and beliefs that it carries
conviction without supporting
information or reason. Such
highly valued concepts attract
general approval and acclaim.
GLITTERING GENERALITY

4. Name-calling is a form of
argument in which
insulting or demeaning
labels are directed at an
individual or group. This
phenomenon is studied by
a variety of academic
disciplines such as
anthropology, child
psychology, and political
science.
NAME CALLING

5. Plain folks" is a form of
propaganda and a logical
fallacy. A plain folks
argument is one in which
the speaker presents them
self as an average Joe
a common person who can
understand and empathize
with a listener's concerns.
PLAIN FOLKS

6. Transfer is a technique used in
propaganda and advertising. Also
known as association, this is a
technique of projecting positive or
negative qualities of a person,
entity, object, or value to another in
order to make the second more
acceptable or to discredit it.
TRANSFER

7. Card stacking propaganda is a
way to manipulated information
so that one product looks better
than another and happens when
information is manipulated in
order to make something look
better. This often happens by
leaving out important
information, using only
beneficial facts, or by means of
testimonials.
CARD STACKING