This document discusses nonviolence and nonviolent direct action. It provides examples of successful nonviolent movements, such as those in the Philippines, Chile, and South Africa. The document outlines six steps for nonviolent direct action, including gathering information, educating others, making a personal commitment, negotiations, direct action, and reconciliation. It also discusses Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr.'s principles of nonviolence, such as opposing the deed but not the person, and using nonviolence to defeat injustice rather than people.

1. PEACE EDUCATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS
PROMOTING
NONVIOLENCE
Reported by: Group 3
presentor # 1

2. Options in the Face of Violence
Violence is a choice, and ultimately, the abuser is
the only person who can decide to change.
However, there are things that you can do to
encourage this change;
•Never tell an abuser anything their partner has
told you.
•Learn about intimate partner violence yourself so
you can help your friend or family member
recognize their violent behaviors.

3. • Identify the violence when you see it.
• Educate the abuser about the different types of
violence.
• Your friend or family member may try to blame the victim
for the violence.
• Help the abuser focus on the victim’s feelings and the
serious harm the victim is experiencing because of the
violence.
• Be aware of minimizing, denying and shifting blame, and
don’t support efforts to minimize the severity of the
violent behavior.
• Don’t ignore violence that you hear about or see.

4. • Stay in touch with your friend or family member about
the violence. Be there to support the abuser to change
in the long term.
• Remind your friend or family member that change will
create better, healthier relationships with all the people
in their life.
• Take time to acknowledge the abuser’s strengths.
• Offer your support if they choose to seek help.
• Convince the abuser that getting professional help is
important and have a list of resources ready.
• Help the abuser to accept responsibility for the violence.
• Don’t give up.

5. THREE RESPONSE- OPTION IN DIRECT OR STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE
1. to do nothing about it
2. to respond with violence
3. to respond nonviolently

6. WHAT IS NONVIOLENCE?
Nonviolence or ahimsa is the refusal to do harm to other
humans as life is sacred and is an absolute value. It is anchored
in the belief that humans have the potential to change.
AKKAPKA or Aksyon para sa kapayapaan at katarungan/
Action for peace and justice 1987 define it as a "principle a way
of life or tool for change that consider the human person as the
highest created value which must not be destroyed. It's aim is to
seek the truth and produce justice and the possibility for
solidarity and reconciliation. Its aim is to liberate the oppressed
and the oppressor through moral percussion, pressure and
forms of nonviolent direct action“.

7. Mohandas "Mahatma" Gandhi the man who led people
of India out of British.

8. There are following beliefs about nonviolence:
• Nonviolence is more powerful for converting the
opponent and opening his ears which are otherwise shut
to the voice of reason.
• Nonviolence and cowardice do not get together.
Possession of arms implies an element of fear, if not
cowardice.

9. •An eye for an eye will make the whole world
blind.
• A person and his/her deeds are two distinct
things. Hate the sin but not the sinner.

10. SOME PRINCIPLES OF NONVIOLENCE
Mohandas Gandhi, the man who led the people of India
out of British subjugation held the following belief about
nonviolence.
➢As long as people accept exploitation, both exploiter
and exploited will be entangled in injustice, but once the
exploited refuse to accept the relationship, refuse to
cooperate with it, they are already free.
➢A person and his/her deeds are two distinct things. Hate
the sin but not the sinner.

11. ➢ If we fight back, we will become the vandal and they
(oppressors) will become the law.
➢ Nonviolence is more powerful for converting the
opponent and opening his ears which are otherwise shut
to the voice of reason.
➢ Nonviolence demands that the means used should be
as pure as the ends sought. Two wrongs will not make
one right.

12. Marten Luther King Jr. believe in the same principles Gandhi
held on to.
Below are additional beliefs MLK, Jr. held with realgard
to Nonviolence.
➢Nonviolence does not seek to defeat or humiliate the
opponent but to win his friendship and understanding.
➢ Nonviolence seeks to defeat injustice, not people.
➢ Nonviolence thrives on love rather than hatred.
➢ Nonviolence requires willingness to suffer and amazing
discipline in the midst of provocation.

13. ➢ Nonviolence holds that suffering can educate and transform.
To persuade people to believe in nonviolence is not
easy because of tremendously oppressive situation such
as extreme poverty and economic inequity. Human rights
violations and oppression. Such as conditions foment
hatred and anger on the part of the victims, Sympathizers
and people who work for social change making many of
them willing to subscribe to armed struggle against people
in power.

14. WHY NONVIOLENCE?
• It is both an ethical and moral choice.
• In Hinduism, ahimsa is considered the greatest gift and
the highest teaching.
• Destruction is not the law of humans (Gandhi,1931).
• Nonviolence is a practical choice, Tools and effects of
violence are costly.
• Nonviolence work.

15. Example of nonviolent success stories:
❖ In 1986, the Philippines surprised the world with
it's version of nonviolent action. People were able
to peacefully overthrow the dictatorial regime of
Ferdinand Marcos in a nonviolent uprising they
called "people power". Nonviolent direct action
activities were similarly employed by the Filipino
people in 2001 to overthrow Joseph Ejercito
Estrada who was perceived to be an immoral
and corrupt president.

16. Example of nonviolent success stories:
❖ In 1988, the people of Chile succeeded in
defeating the "yes" vote for Pinochet who ruled
the country under military dictatorship for 15
years where thousands were tortured, executed
and exiled; ruthless raids were conducted;
citizens right were limited; publication were
closed down; and school were put under
surveillance.

17. Example of nonviolent success stories:
❖ The people of south Africa, under the leadership
of Nelson Mandela a Archbishop Desmond Tutu,
succeeded in ending the apartheid policy which
was penned in 1948 to " maintain white
supremacy". In 1989, then President Wilhelm de
Klerk lifted ban on opposition groups, released
political prisoners, ended the state of emergency
and restrictions of the press. In 1994, Nelson
Mandela became the first black president of
South Africa.

18. Example of nonviolent success stories:
❖ In central America, Oscar Arias used the power of
dialogue and nonviolent persuasion to convince the
president of Honduras, Guatemala , El Salvador and
Nicaragua to stop receiving military aid from the US and
the USSR, among other things they agreed on as
stipulated in the 1987 peace accords. Central America
was the arena of the two superpower ' cold war. Aria's
nonviolent tactics helped peace to come to central
America where more than 200,000 casualties,

19. WHAT IS NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION?
Gene Sharp 2005 has identified 198 methods of
nonviolent action.
Refers to the effort to pursue with action via methods
of protest, noncooperation and intervention without using
physical violence.
1. Nonviolent protest and persuasion
seek to produce awareness of the dissent.
• Petitions posters
• Banners lobbying

20. • Marches prayer rallies
• Vigils mock funerals
2. Nonviolent non-cooperation
present the opponent difficulties in maintaining the
normal operation of the system.
• consumer's boycott
• general strike
• civil disobedience.
3. Nonviolent intervention
challenges the opponent more directly.
•sit-ins

21. WHAT ARE THE GOALS OF NONVIOLENT ACTION
MLK Jr. in his "Letter from Birmingham Jail"
written to eight fellow clergymen from Alabama in
1963, wrote that nonviolent action seeks to
dramatize the issue (of injustice) to put pressure on
the adversary to confront the issue. He also wrote
that nonviolent direct action seeks to create a
tension/crisis that would force the adversary to
open the door to negotiation.

22. WHAT ARE THE GOALS OF NONVIOLENT ACTION
Additionally, nonviolent direct action seeks to
create a situation that would liberate victims from
silence and helplessness. This was evident, for
example in Chile where people, for years, suffered
in silence. Nonviolent direct action allowed them
all-men, women and children-to participate in
efforts to overthrow a dictatorial regime.

23. WHAT ARE THE GOALS OF NONVIOLENT ACTION
Nonviolent direct action also seeks to gain
attention, and consequently, support from the
larger community. People from around the world,
for example, were bothered to see Hindus whipped
to the ground by the army serving the British
government without the former hitting back.
Protests from the world community hastened the
granting of independence by the British
government to India.

24. SIX STEPS FOR NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION
STEP ONE: INFORMATION GATHERING
Identify the issues in your community and/or
school in need of positive change. To understand
the issue, problem or injustice facing a person,
community, or institution, you must increase your
understanding of the problem. Your investigation
should include all sides of the issue and may include
formal research and Istening to the experiences of
others.

25. SIX STEPS FOR NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION
STEP TWO: EDUCATE OTHERS
It is essential to inform others, including your
opposition, about your issue. In order to cause
change, the people in the community must be
aware of the issue and understand its impact. By
educating others you will minimize
misunderstanding and gain support and allies.

26. SIX STEPS FOR NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION
STEP THREE: PERSONAL COMMITMENT
Check and affirm your faith in the philosophy
and methods of nonviolence. Causing change
requires dedication and long hours of work. Meet
with others regularly to stay focused on your goal.
Prepare yourself to accept sacrifices, if necessary, in
your work for justice.

27. SIX STEPS FOR NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION
STEP FOUR: NEGOTIATIONS
Using grace, humor and intelligence, confront
the individuals whom need to participate in this
change. Discuss a plan for addressing and resolving
these injustices. Look for what is positive in every
action and statement the opposition makes. Do not
seek to humiliate the opponent but call forth the
good in the opponent. Look for ways in which the
opponent can become an ally.

28. SIX STEPS FOR NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION
STEP FIVE: DIRECT ACTION
These are actions taken to convince others to work with
you in resolving the injustices. Direct action imposes a “creative
tension” into the conflict. Direct action is most effective when it
illustrates the injustice it seeks to correct. There are hundreds of
direct action, including:
❖ Boycotts--- refusal to buy products
❖ Marches and rallies
❖ Political action and voting
❖ Public art and performance

29. SIX STEPS FOR NONVIOLENT DIRECT ACTION
STEP SIX: RECONCILIATION
Nonviolence seeks friendship and understanding.
Nonviolence does not seek to defeat the opponent.
Nonviolence is directed against evil systems, oppressive
policies, and unjust acts, not against persons.

30. Members:
Normilah M. Mascara
Anirah P. Mohammad
Naima O. Omar
Najiha Azis
Jamelah C. Omar
Nasbiya H.S Nasroding
Nezren M. Mustapha
Naima R. Mulok
Jasmin M. Mangotara
Abdulazis A. Mohammad