The document discusses various tenses in English including progressive/continuous and perfect tenses. It explains that the progressive/continuous tenses are used to describe actions that are ongoing or in progress, with the past progressive describing actions that were happening in the past, present progressive for actions happening now, and future progressive for actions that will be happening in the future. It then explains that the perfect tenses are used to describe completed actions, with the present perfect used for actions completed now with unspecified time, past perfect for actions completed before a past time, and future perfect for actions that will be completed before a future time.

1. Progressive and Perfect
Past
Present
Future

2. Present Progressive/Continuous
The action is happening NOW, at this moment.
You are watching a presentation.
The action is in progress now. You are in the middle of
watching.

3. Past Progressive/Continuous
NOW
The action was happening at a point
in the past.
I was studying English at 6 last night.
They were dancing when the tornado hit the house.
The action was in progress, they were in the middle of
dancing, studying at that point.

4. Future Progressive/Continuous
NOW
The action will be happening at a point
in the future.
In 2015 they will be moving to a new house.
This time tomorrow you will be sitting in another
classroom.
At 11 tonight I will be sleeping in bed.

5. Future Progressive/Continuous
• The action will be happening at a future
point.
• It will be in progress, we will be in the
middle of doing it at a future point.

6. Progressive/Continuous
• PAST: Subject was/were verb+ing
• PRESENT: Subject am/are/is verb+ing
• FUTURE: Subject will be verb+ing

7. PERFECT TENSES

8. Present Perfect
?
NOW
The action has been completed/finished some time
before the present moment. (But we don’t say when
exactly.)
I have done my homework.
They have been to Germany before.
She has already seen that film.
We have learnt about the present perfect many times .

9. Past Perfect
?
PAST POINT
NOW
The action had been completed some time before
a point in the past or before another past action.
We had dinner before the film started.
By 11pm everyone had gone home.
After all children had had their dinner, they played

10. Future Perfect
NOW
?
FUTURE POINT
The action will have been completed some time
before a point in the future.
By 2150 we will have cut down all the rainforests.
In 2017 I will have got married.
By the time I start working, I will have passed 3
language exams (English, Italian and Swedish).

11. PERFECT TENSES
• Past: Subject had verb3
• Present: Subject have/has verb3
• Future: Subject will have verb3