If antibody expression products are to be glycosylated for its biological functions, eukaryotic systems are the optional method.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-prokaryotic-antibody-production-service.htm
As a remarkably economical eukaryotic expression host, the yeast is able to add post-translational glycosylation with more powerful folding aids than prokaryotic E. coli.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-yeast-expression-service.htm
Several strategies for increasing the solubility of recombinant proteinsEchoHan4
The main disadvantages of prokaryotic expression systems, especially for antibody expression, are the limited glycosylation, folding, and secretion capabilities of the host cells.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-escherichia-coli-expression-service.htm
Recombinant antibodies are the fastest growing groupEchoHan4
An increasing portion of marketed drugs and drugs under development are biopharmaceuticals, of which antibodies currently are the most common molecule class.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/engineered-antibody-overview.htm
Since the first glance at the incredible protein world of all beautiful organisms, the respectful scientists cracked the mysterious amino acid codes. Further diligent efforts have greatly reformed the whole scientific thinking by the powerful genetic engineering.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-prokaryotic-antibody-production-service.htm
Emerging as the most critical protein-producing factories, mammalian cells are the most suitable host for every biopharmaceutical and other protein targets derived from higher organisms and eventually consumed by them.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-mammalian-cell-expression-service.htm
The generation of a stable master cell lineEchoHan4
The generation of a stable master cell line requires the integration of the expression cassette into the host cell genome.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-mammalian-cell-expression-service.htm
As a remarkably economical eukaryotic expression host, the yeast is able to add post-translational glycosylation with more powerful folding aids than prokaryotic E. coli.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-yeast-expression-service.htm
Several strategies for increasing the solubility of recombinant proteinsEchoHan4
The main disadvantages of prokaryotic expression systems, especially for antibody expression, are the limited glycosylation, folding, and secretion capabilities of the host cells.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-escherichia-coli-expression-service.htm
Recombinant antibodies are the fastest growing groupEchoHan4
An increasing portion of marketed drugs and drugs under development are biopharmaceuticals, of which antibodies currently are the most common molecule class.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/engineered-antibody-overview.htm
Since the first glance at the incredible protein world of all beautiful organisms, the respectful scientists cracked the mysterious amino acid codes. Further diligent efforts have greatly reformed the whole scientific thinking by the powerful genetic engineering.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-prokaryotic-antibody-production-service.htm
Emerging as the most critical protein-producing factories, mammalian cells are the most suitable host for every biopharmaceutical and other protein targets derived from higher organisms and eventually consumed by them.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-mammalian-cell-expression-service.htm
The generation of a stable master cell lineEchoHan4
The generation of a stable master cell line requires the integration of the expression cassette into the host cell genome.
https://www.creativebiolabs.net/magic-mammalian-cell-expression-service.htm
Metabolic engineering is a branch of bioengineering where the use of genetic engineering and recombinant technology to modify the metabolism of an organism.
High yield production of therapeutic proteins in chloroplastSHRIKANT YANKANCHI
A biopharmaceutical, also known as a biologic(al) medical product, biological, or biologic, is any pharmaceutical drug product manufactured in, extracted from, or semisynthesized from biological sources- Wikipedia
Bacterial expression system is widely used for the expression of rDNA products.
They offer several advantages viz.,
-High level of recombinant protein expression
-Rapid cell multiplication and
-Simple media requirement
In complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), C1q binds to antibodies, triggering the complement cascade, resulting in the formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC) (C5b to C9) on the surface of target cells, further leading to classical pathway complement activation. Among these factors attributable to CDC resistance, soluble regulatory complement factor H (CFH) was found to fail to activate complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).https://www.creativebiolabs.net/cdc-enhanced-antibody_77.htm
Functional proteomics, methods and toolsKAUSHAL SAHU
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
DEFINITION
PROTEOMICS
FUNCTIONAL PROTEOMICS
PROTEOMICS SOFTWARE
PROTEOMICS ANALYSIS
TOOLS FOR PROTEOM ANALYSIS
DIFFERENTS METHODS FOR STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL PROTEOMICS
APLLICATIONS
LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSION
Metabolic engineering is a branch of bioengineering where the use of genetic engineering and recombinant technology to modify the metabolism of an organism.
High yield production of therapeutic proteins in chloroplastSHRIKANT YANKANCHI
A biopharmaceutical, also known as a biologic(al) medical product, biological, or biologic, is any pharmaceutical drug product manufactured in, extracted from, or semisynthesized from biological sources- Wikipedia
Bacterial expression system is widely used for the expression of rDNA products.
They offer several advantages viz.,
-High level of recombinant protein expression
-Rapid cell multiplication and
-Simple media requirement
In complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), C1q binds to antibodies, triggering the complement cascade, resulting in the formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC) (C5b to C9) on the surface of target cells, further leading to classical pathway complement activation. Among these factors attributable to CDC resistance, soluble regulatory complement factor H (CFH) was found to fail to activate complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).https://www.creativebiolabs.net/cdc-enhanced-antibody_77.htm
Functional proteomics, methods and toolsKAUSHAL SAHU
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
DEFINITION
PROTEOMICS
FUNCTIONAL PROTEOMICS
PROTEOMICS SOFTWARE
PROTEOMICS ANALYSIS
TOOLS FOR PROTEOM ANALYSIS
DIFFERENTS METHODS FOR STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL PROTEOMICS
APLLICATIONS
LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSION
Antibodies are compelling proteins that are essential to the immune system and extremely powerful in biotechnology applications; existing as major players in our defence against external agents (viruses, bacteria, etc.), they are also widely used as tools for research, diagnosis and treatments.
antibodies are a large proteins. based on electrophorosis and centrifugation anti bodies are mainly five types .these are protects on human body from various microorganisms.
Antibody-drug conjugates employ the specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to achieve targeted delivery of the conjugated cytotoxic molecules to tumor cells.
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/conjugate-sites-analysis.htm
As one major component of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), the antibody is the key for target specificity and serves as the cargo to deliver the cytotoxic drug (payload).
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/antibody-design-and-conjugation.htm
To retain antibody bioactivity, mild, near-physiological conditions are often used for conjugation reactions. Under these conditions, endogenous amino acids such as Lys and Cys are chemically reactive and can be used as conjugation sites.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/antibody-design-and-conjugation.htm
As one major component of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), the antibody is the key for target specificity and serves as the cargo to deliver the cytotoxic drug (payload). A payload drug can be attached to different sites on an antibody using diverse conjugation chemistry. Multiple endogenous amino acids can serve as potential conjugation sites. However, to achieve more precisely controlled site-directed conjugations and subsequently a narrower distribution of drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR), special moieties with unique conjugation chemistries are engineered into antibody sequences in our antibody design services.
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/antibody-design-and-conjugation.htm
CD40, also known as TNFRSF5, is a type I transmembrane protein. The molecular weight of CD40 is 48-kDa and it consists of a 193 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain, 21 aa leader sequence, 22 aa transmembrane domain, and a 62 aa intracellular domain in human (90 aa in mouse).https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/target-cd40-122.htm
CD30 (also known as TNFRSF8) was first identified as an antigen expressed on Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease in 1992.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/adc-development-services-targeting-cd30.htm
ADC preparation involves the chemical conjugation of the three components and depending on the conjugation strategy used, this process often yields complex and heterogeneous products.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/adc-biochemical-analysis.htm
While conventional cancer therapies (surgery, chemo therapy, and radiation therapy) have shown some success in the battle again cancer, they are often accompanied by complex and sometimes, severe side-effects due to the lack of target specificity. To circumvent this flaw and improve the efficacy and safety of cancer treatment, targeted cancer therapies, especially antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), have been actively exploited and they are gaining a significant amount of attention during the recent years.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/adc-antibody-screening.htm
The elegant design of an antibody-drug conjugate is designated to achieve targeted delivery of the conjugated cytotoxic agents to tumor cells and drug release upon antigen binding and internalization, thus maximizing the antitumor effects while minimizing cytotoxicity to normal tissues. The efficacy of an ADC greatly depends on the specific antigen binding activities of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) portion of the molecule.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/adc-affinity-measurement.htm
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a unique class of novel anti-tumor agents produced by the conjugation of highly cytotoxic drug payloads with tumor specific monoclonal antibodies via elaborate chemical linkers.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/adc-fc-cytotoxicity.htm
Development of 5T4-based Bispecific ADCs
A bispecific antibody can bind two different targets or two distinct epitopes on the same target. 5T4, specifically overexpressed on the cell surface of various tumors and internalized rapidly when bound to antibody, may be used as an attractive target to develop effective immunotherapy such as bispecific antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/development-of-5t4-based-bispecific-adcs.htm
Cancer immunotherapy is a therapy used to treat cancer patients that involves components of the immune system, commonly consisting of antibodies, vaccines, T cell infusions, and so like. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/modality.htm
✔ Registration with CTSC
✔ Preparing IND package including Cover letter, IND, 1571, 1572 form and certification form 3674.
✔ Assembling and binding volumes
✔ Submission
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/ind-publishing-and-submission.htm
For the drug development, pre-IND meeting is a critical tool to discuss the needs and challenges specific to the general product development, nonclinical testing, manufacturing information, protocol design or other regulatory questions defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR 312.82). https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/pre-ind-meeting.htm
✔ Clinical overviews (eCTD Module 2.5) including literature review and references
✔ Clinical summaries (eCTD Module 2.7) including clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety
✔ Clinical study report preparation and review (eCTD Module 5)
✔ Clinical justification documents for EU, US and other emerging Regulatory markets
✔ Gap analysis for dossiers in clinical module
✔ Clinical and nonclinical document support, handling queries during HA meetings and responding to them
✔ Technical review dossiers
✔ Biowaiver support and justification document services
https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/medical-writing-and-translation.htm
To gain approval for clinical testing after finalizing the pre-clinical testing of innovative new therapies, it is a key milestone for pharmaceutical companies to apply for approval of Investigational New Drug (IND) with FDA or other agencies.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/regulatory-strategy-consulting.htm
Navigating the drug development process from early stage discovery to clinical stage is complex and expensive. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/ind-regulatory-services.htm
In the United States, the Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 's formal regulations on the design, monitoring, control and maintenance of manufacturing processes and facilities.https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/cgmp-manufacturing.htm
Pre-clinical toxicology is a study of the toxic effects of drugs in development based on statistical and quantitative analysis. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/antibody-and-protein-toxicology.htm
Pharmacology is a key component concerned with the study of drug action in animal models which is essential and determinant to IND approval and ultimate NDA approval for a drug candidate. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/immuno-oncology/antibody-and-protein-pharmacology.htm
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...
Production of Antibody Fragments
1. If antibody expression products are to be glycosylated for its biological functions, eukaryotic systems
are the optional method. Protein secretion in eukaryotes occurs via the endoplasmic reticulum and
Golgi apparatus and is aided by chaperones and cofactors. This is a complex process but the
principles are the same for all eukaryotic organisms. However, the pattern of protein glycosylation
differs between different species, even if they are very closely related. For recombinant antibodies it is
aimed to have a glycosylation pattern as close to the human one as possible to minimize
immunogenicity and, for some applications, to maximize induction of immunological effector
functions. Besides production levels and cost, the glycosylation pattern of eukaryotic expression
hosts, therefore, is one of the most noted rating characteristics of the production system. The set of
eukaryotic hosts that in the meantime have been developed for and applied to antibody expression
ranges from rather simple organisms such as yeast to transgenic mammals and plants.
Eukaryotic Expression System
- Production of
Antibody Fragments
03
