The document discusses the product life cycle, which comprises four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It provides details about each stage, including characteristics of the product, sales trends, costs, competition levels, and implications for the marketing mix of product, price, placement, and promotion. The life cycle concept is useful for managers to forecast sales and plan marketing strategies as a product progresses through different stages over time.
THIS DESCRIBES THE CONCEPT OF A PRODUCT AND PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND ITS VARIOUS STAGES IN DETAILS.IT WILL GIVE A COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE.
THIS DESCRIBES THE CONCEPT OF A PRODUCT AND PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND ITS VARIOUS STAGES IN DETAILS.IT WILL GIVE A COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE.
How can market leaders expand total market and defend market share?Sameer Mathur
The slide presents different strategies Market leaders like Microsoft should adopt to either expand or defend their position in the market.
Submitted by: Prakhar Singh
Marketing strategies for introduction and growth stagekdore
Marketing strategies is a long-term course of action designed to optimeze allocation of the scarce resources at the disposal of a firm in delivering superior customer experiences and promote the interests of other stakeholders
The product life cycle has 4 very clearly defined stages, each with its own characteristics that mean different things for business that are trying to manage the life cycle of their particular products:
- Introduction
- Growth
- Maturity
- Decline
How can market leaders expand total market and defend market share?Sameer Mathur
The slide presents different strategies Market leaders like Microsoft should adopt to either expand or defend their position in the market.
Submitted by: Prakhar Singh
Marketing strategies for introduction and growth stagekdore
Marketing strategies is a long-term course of action designed to optimeze allocation of the scarce resources at the disposal of a firm in delivering superior customer experiences and promote the interests of other stakeholders
The product life cycle has 4 very clearly defined stages, each with its own characteristics that mean different things for business that are trying to manage the life cycle of their particular products:
- Introduction
- Growth
- Maturity
- Decline
26 topline marketing strategies to launch a new brand, product or service. Includes a 1 page summary outlining the pros and cons of each approach as well as best in class examples. Designed as flashcards so that it can be printed out to help stimulate brainstorm sessions.
Product Life Cycle (Stages and Extension Strategies)Project Student
Business Studies - Product Life Cycle
The product life cycle stages are explained in depth along with advantages and disadvantages of the product life cycle, extension strategies and the uses. Each stage (development, introduction, growth, maturity and saturation, decline, rejuvenation and decline) are all explained in depth along with a chart and adv. and disadv.
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Definition of sales promotion
SALES PROMOTION:
Consists of a diverse collection of incentive tools, mostly short term, designed to stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular products or services by consumers or the trade.
*FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO THE RAPID GROWTH OF SALES PROMOTION
*PURPOSE OF SALES PROMOTION
*MAJOR DECISION IN
SALES PROMOTION
*SELECTING CONSUMER-PROMOTION TOOLS
*SELECTING TRADE-PROMOTION TOOLS
*SELECTING BUSINESS &
SALES FORCE PROMOTION
TOOLS:
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5. Development stage: Product development is the incubation stage of the product life cycle. There are no sales and the firm prepares to introduce the product. As the product progresses through its life cycle, changes in the marketing mix usually are required in order to adjust to the evolving challenges and opportunities.
6. Introduction Stage: When the product is introduced, sales will be low until customers become aware of the product and its benefits. Some firms may announce their product before it is introduced, but such announcements also alert competitors and remove the element of surprise. Advertising costs typically are high during this stage in order to rapidly increase customer awareness of the product and to target the early adopters. During the introductory stage the firm is likely to incur additional costs associated with the initial distribution of the product . These higher costs coupled with a low sales volume usually make the introduction stage a period of negative profits .
7.
8. Growth Stage: The growth stage is a period of rapid revenue growth . Sales increase as more customers become aware of the product and its benefits and additional market segments are targeted. Once the product has been proven a success and customers begin asking for it, sales will increase further as more retailers become interested in carrying it. The marketing team may expand the distribution at this point. When competitors enter the market, often during the later part of the growth stage, there may be price competition and/or increased promotional costs in order to convince consumers that the firm's product is better than that of the competition.
9. During the growth stage, the goal is to gain consumer preference and increase sales. The marketing mix may be modified as follows: Product - New product features and packaging options; improvement of product quality. Price - Maintained at a high level if demand is high, or reduced to capture additional customers. Distribution - Distribution becomes more intensive. Trade discounts are minimal if resellers show a strong interest in the product. Promotion - Increased advertising to build brand preference.
10. Maturity Stage: The maturity stage is the most profitable . While sales continue to increase into this stage, they do so at a slower pace. Because brand awareness is strong, advertising expenditures will be reduced . Competition may result in decreased market share and/or prices . The competing products may be very similar at this point, increasing the difficulty of differentiating the product. The firm places effort into encouraging competitors' customers to switch, increasing usage per customer, and converting non-users into customers . Sales promotions may be offered to encourage retailers to give the product more shelf space over competing products.
11. During the maturity stage, the primary goal is to maintain market share and extend the product life cycle. Marketing mix decisions may include: Product - Modifications are made and features are added in order to differentiate the product from competing products that may have been introduced. Price - Possible price reductions in response to competition while avoiding a price war. Distribution - New distribution channels and incentives to resellers in order to avoid losing shelf space. Promotion - Emphasis on differentiation and building of brand loyalty. Incentives to get competitors' customers to switch.
12. Decline Stage: Eventually sales begin to decline as the market becomes saturated, the product becomes technologically obsolete , or customer tastes change . If the product has developed brand loyalty, the profitability may be maintained longer. Unit costs may increase with the declining production volumes and eventually no more profit can be made. The marketing mix may be modified as follows: Product - The number of products in the product line may be reduced. Rejuvenate surviving products to make them look new again. Price - Prices may be lowered to liquidate inventory of discontinued products. Prices may be maintained for continued products serving a niche market. Distribution - Distribution becomes more selective. Channels that no longer are profitable are phased out. Promotion - Expenditures are lower and aimed at reinforcing the brand image for continued products.
13. Product life cycle concept may be used as a managerial tool. Marketing strategies must change as the product goes through the life cycle. If managers understand the cycle concept they are in a better position to forecast future sales activities and plan marketing strategies.