Pakistan faced several initial problems after independence including choosing a capital city, dealing with Muslim refugees from India, an unjust division of armed forces and financial assets from India, canal water disputes with India, the Kashmir dispute, administrative challenges with a lack of experienced personnel, the death of Jinnah, and tensions between East and West Pakistan due to geographical, communication, religious, and political differences.

1. Initial Problems Faced by Pakistan
GRADE OII-
SUBJECT- HISTORY

2. Allah SWT says
Verily there is ease after every hardship.
Pakistan came into being as a free Muslim state in quite
unfavorable conditions. It had no resources and it had to
build up administrative machinery from scratch. However,
supreme efforts were made by the Muslims who exhibited
a strong stance with the mercy of Allah SWT and under
Quaid’s leadership.

3. Lesson Objectives
By the end of lesson, Students will be
able to:
Illustrate the problems faced by Pakistan
as a young nation.

4. INTRODUCTION
Soon after its establishment, Pakistan faced number of problems. Most
of the problems of Pakistan were related with Pakistan dispute with
India, such as the accession of the princely states, canal Water dispute,
refugees' problems and distribution of armed and military assets.

5. CHOICE OF CAPITAL
The first problem that Pakistan had to face was to
choose a capital to form a Government and to
establish a secretariat.
Karachi was chosen as the capital of Pakistan.
Arrangements were to be made to bring the
officials who had opted for Pakistan from Delhi to
Karachi.

6. MUSLIM REFUGEES
On the birth of Pakistan, Hindus and Sikhs became more
furious.
Muslim properties
were set on fire and
Millions of refugees
were killed before they
reached Pakistan.
Pakistan had to provide them supply of resources.

7. UNJUST DIVISION OF ARMED FORCES
Pakistan also did not
receive the due share of
the military assets.
This dishonest attitude
put Pakistan into
great difficulties.
Pakistan started its
Arms from zero.

8. UNJUST DIVISION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS
In order to embarrass Pakistan financially, India did a lot of
dishonesty in the matters of Pakistan which were
concerned with its benefits.
Pakistan was promised to
get Rs. 750 million but the
Indian Government refused
to give. Pakistan received
only 200 million.

9. CANAL WATER DISPUTE
Pakistan has an agrarian economy. Most of the
rivers flowing in Pakistan have their origin in India.
India stopped water supply to Pakistani canals to
damage the Pakistani agriculture.
However on 9th September, 1960 on agreement
called Indus Basin Treaty was signed between the
two countries

10. Kashmir Dispute
Kashmir is the natural
part of Pakistan because
85% of the Kashmir’s total
population was Muslim.
Due to non-cooperation of India,
Kashmir issue still remain unsolved

11. ADMINISTRATIVE PROBLEMS
Shortage of competent and experienced personnel
Governments.
Lack of machinery ,table /chairs and stationary.
Therefore the immediate task before the nation
was to establish a workable administration.

12. Death of Jinnah
Quaid-e-Azam died on 11th September 1948.
Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, His, was just
as hard won, just as miraculous a victory.
After the death of Quaid-e-Azam though there
were great leaders too, but unfortunately none of
them was of the caliber of Quaid-e-Azam.

13. East and west Pakistan
Geographical location
Communication was difficult.
Religion differences
Political affairs