Print Defect Recognition
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The document provides training on common print quality issues including pinholes caused by soft mounting tape, skipout from improper anilox/plate settings, halo from plate and ink impression issues, feathering and dot bridging from a dirty print, fill-in referring to small type and halftones, ink riders as unwanted material transferring ink, misregister when colors do not line up, and ghosting from issues with ink drying time or dryers. It lists the print quality issues, provides brief descriptions of each, and includes relevant images.
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The document provides an overview of different printing methods including offset printing and gravure. It discusses offset printing principles such as how printed and unprinted areas are achieved using the offset plate and fountain solution. Sheet-fed offset and heat-set web offset printing are described. Other conventional printing methods like gravure and flexography are also covered. The document concludes with a high-level summary of the various printing techniques.
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Tirupati Ink Presentation
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Printing Inks with Formulae, Printing Inks with Processes, A Guide to Popular Printing Techniques, best small and cottage scale industries, formulation of printing inks, Gravure Printing industry, Growth in the Printing inks, How Ink Is Made, How Ink is manufactured, How printing ink manufactured in factory, how to manufacture ink, How to Start a Printing inks Production Business, How to start a successful Printing inks business, How to Start Printing inks Industry in India, Ink and Printability Testing, Inking Rollers, Inking Rollers uses, Manufacture of Inks and varnishes, manufacturing of varnish, Modern Printing Process, Most Profitable Printing inks manufacturing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in inks manufacturing industry, Newspaper Printing Ink, Packaging Inks Market - Covering the Printing Inks, Coatings and Allied Industries, Printing inks Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Printing inks Business, Printing inks manufacturing Industry in India, Printing inks, manufacturing Projects, printing ink formulation, printing ink manual, Printing Ink Manufacturing, printing ink manufacturing process, Printing Ink Technology and Manufacture, Printing Inks & Applications, Printing Processes and Printing Inks, Profitable Small Scale inks Manufacturing, Robust Growth in the Indian Exports of Printing Inks, screen printing process, Setting up and opening your Printing inks Business, Setting up and opening your Printing Business, Small Scale Printing inks manufacturing Projects, Starting a Printing inks manufacturing Business, Starting a Printing Business, Starting an Offset Printing Press, Start-up Business Plan for Printing inks, Startup Project for Printing inks Business, offset printing ink manufacturing process, formulation of Offset Printing Inks, Ball Pen Inks, Fluorescent Inks, Phosphorescent Pigments, Silk-screen Fluorescent Printing, Inorganic Pigments, Offset printing technology, How printing ink manufactured in factory, offset printing ink formulation
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The document discusses extrusion principles and components used in extruding thermoplastics into various products. It contains the following key points:
- Extrusion is a continuous process where thermoplastics are melted and shaped using a screw and die. Common products made via extrusion include films, pipes, sheets, fibers and filaments.
- The main components of an extruder are the hopper, barrel/screw, and die. The hopper feeds plastic granules into the barrel. The screw conveys the melted plastic to the die, which shapes the final product.
- Screw design depends on the material, with PVC screws having deeper channels to prevent thermal degradation, and PE/PP
Textile coating
This document discusses textile coating, which involves applying a polymeric layer to fabric surfaces to enhance properties. It defines coating and describes common polymers, physical forms, and coating processes used. Key coating methods covered are direct coating, foam coating, transfer coating, hot melt extrusion, and calendar coating. The document also outlines factors considered for substrate selection and coating uniformity. Various applications of coated fabrics are provided across multiple industries.
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This document discusses the viscosity of different thickening agents used in textile printing. It provides information on various natural and synthetic thickeners such as starch, flour, gum Arabic, guar gum, and carboxymethyl cellulose. The document lists the viscosity of these thickeners in solutions of different concentrations, measured using viscometers. It also discusses how viscosity can be affected by factors like temperature, pH, and sonication. Various instruments used to measure viscosity are outlined.
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Este documento describe diferentes tipos de tintas y procesos de curado, incluidas tintas convencionales, tintas a base de agua, tintas UV curadas con luz y tintas curadas por electrones o radiación. También explica cómo funcionan estos diferentes tipos de tintas, sus ventajas y desventajas, y proporciona detalles sobre el proceso de curado UV y las pruebas para garantizar la eficiencia del curado.
water vapor permeability tester for flexible packaging
This instrument is based on the cup method, and is professionally applicable to the water vapor transmission rate test of film specimens. It is equipped with three individual test dishes and the testing process is completely automatic and conforms to international standards.
L & s 1
The document discusses types of gravure inks, their properties, and applications. It describes that gravure inks consist of pigments, resins, solvents, and additives. There are four main types of gravure inks - reverse printing inks, surface printing inks, common inks for both surface and reverse printing, and inks for special applications. Polyurethane, vinyl, and acrylic-based inks are examples of reverse printing inks used in food packaging. Surface printing inks include general purpose, heat resistant, and oil/fat resistant inks used in packaging of products like milk, butter, and oils.
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The document discusses the history and evolution of flexography, a modern letterpress printing technique. Originally developed in England using aniline oil-based inks, flexography was initially used for food packaging printing. Since the 1990s, advances in platemaking and inks have improved print quality and expanded flexography's applications. Modern flexography uses photopolymer plates instead of rubber plates, and water-based or UV-curing inks instead of traditional solvent-based inks, reducing air pollution. Flexography is commonly used today for printing labels, food containers, flexible packaging, and corrugated boxes.
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This document provides an overview of UV ink, including:
- The components of UV inks and the curing process using ultraviolet light.
- The benefits of UV ink such as fast drying, versatility, and lack of VOCs.
- The various substrates and printing applications used for UV inks.
- Factors that influence UV curing efficiency and common equipment used such as lamps, reflectors, and rollers.
- Testing, storage, and troubleshooting considerations for UV ink printing.
Delamination in sheetfed offset printing
Delamination refers to the separation of layers in printing stock like paper or cardboard. It can be caused by issues during cutting, stacking, or unrolling of paper. Precautions like carefully cutting paper, discarding bottom sheets, and using wedges or probes gently can prevent delamination. For example, in one print shop delamination was traced to a mispositioned cutter bar damaging sheet edges, causing strips to roll up during processing. Identifying the problem sheet can help determine if the cause was cutting, stacking, or something earlier in the paper making process.
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There are three major classes of color measuring instruments used in the textile industry: colourimeters, 0/45° and 45/0° geometry spectrophotometers, and integrating sphere geometry spectrophotometers. Colourimeters were early pioneers but have limitations as they cannot separate pure color from appearance or detect color changes under different light sources. Reflectance spectrophotometers measure the amount of light reflected at different wavelengths to produce a reflectance spectrum, which can be used to calculate CIE XYZ values. They illuminate samples with white light and calculate reflected light levels at 31 wavelength intervals using a monochromating device. Main components are a light source, optical system, light dispersing system, detector, and
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The document discusses various printing techniques including etching, intaglio, linocut, screen printing, woodcut, lithography, letterpress, gravure, photocopying, laser printing, inkjet printing, and desktop publishing. Etching involves using acid to etch a design onto a metal plate. Intaglio techniques such as engraving incise an image onto a surface. Linocut and woodcut similarly cut designs but into linoleum or wood blocks. Screen printing uses a stencil to push ink through a mesh. Photocopying and laser printing use photoconductive drums and charged toner. Inkjet printing shoots jets of ink directly onto paper. Desktop publishing involves layout of documents intended for print.
Defects of-dyeing
The document discusses common defects that can occur during the dyeing process, including barre, bleeding, crocking, off shade, shade bar, shading, stained, and streaked. It lists several potential causes of dyeing defects, such as improperly prepared materials, impurities not being fully removed, issues with water quality or dye solution preparation, and shortcomings in dyeing machinery. Common defects include horizontal bands or variations in color tone caused by uneven tensions or changes during the dyeing process. Defects can also be caused by stains or residues on fabrics prior to dyeing.
Calendering
A calender is a machine that processes polymer melts into sheets or films using heat and pressure between rollers. It works by softening the polymer and passing it through nips between two or more rollers to form a continuous sheet, with the thickness determined by the gap between the last rollers. Common uses of calendered sheets include flooring, rainwear, wall coverings, and signage. Thermoplastics are well-suited for calendering as they can soften without fully melting. Different roller configurations like I, L, and Z types address issues like separating forces between rollers. Calendering is advantageous for heat-sensitive materials but high capital costs and achieving precise thickness can be challenges
Flexible packaging laminates for the food sector 2013
This document provides information on flexible packaging laminates commonly used in the food sector. It lists various laminate materials like PET, OPP, PE, and aluminum that are used with different layer thicknesses, sealing materials, and printing techniques. The document then categorizes common food products and recommends suitable laminate combinations for different applications like coffee, rice, frozen foods, snacks, biscuits, and more. Key laminate materials mentioned include PET, OPP, PE, aluminum, paper, and cast polypropylene.
Printing, lamination & material structure
This document provides information about printing and lamination processes at Packages Limited. It discusses two main printing techniques used: flexography and gravure printing. For flexography, it describes the flexographic printing process and components involved. For gravure printing, it outlines the rotogravure process. It also covers wet bond and dry bond lamination processes and the materials that can be laminated. Finally, it discusses common materials used for flexible packaging films like PET, PP, PS, PVC, HDPE, LDPE, BOPP, and nylon films along with their properties.
Tirupati Ink Presentation
Tirupati Inks Ltd is an Indian company that manufactures water-based and solvent-based printing inks, coatings, and varnishes for flexible packaging industries. They produce inks for gravure and flexographic printing processes. Their product lines include inks for printing on substrates like PET, BOPP, paper, aluminum foil, and more. They have manufacturing facilities in India and provide products globally with a focus on serving the packaging industry.
Extrusion blow molding
Extrusion blow molding is a manufacturing process used to make hollow plastic parts like bottles. It begins by melting plastic and extruding it into a tube-like parison. The parison is clamped into a mold and compressed air is injected to push the plastic out against the mold walls. As the plastic cools and hardens, the mold opens and the final part is ejected. Common materials for extrusion blow molding include polyethylene, polypropylene, and PET which must have good melt strength. The process offers low costs due to simple molds but is limited to hollow shapes.
Preparation of Poly Acrylate Binder
This document outlines the preparation of a poly acrylate binder for pigment printing. It discusses selecting monomers like butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate. A recipe is provided using these monomers along with acrylic acid and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide. The procedure for emulsion polymerization is described in 7 steps, beginning with emulsifying the monomers and ending with drying the purified polymer. The calculated glass transition temperature of the polymer is 180°C, making it suitable for use as a pigment printing binder.
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By Tony Donato, Product Development Engineer, Harper Corporation of America
The What and How in Anilox Ink Metering
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This document presents a simple method for determining the angle of a doctor blade on any roll using two templates. Template A is placed with one corner touching the roll and doctor blade, while Template B is placed with one corner also touching the roll and doctor blade. The overlap angle between the templates indicates the doctor blade angle. For smaller rolls, there is a minor error that can be corrected using a scaling on Template B or a calculated error angle formula based on template length and roll diameter. Measuring the angle using this method provides a starting point, and the supplier's guidelines should be checked to ensure the correct doctor blade angle.
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Lamination is the process of applying the wet adhesive on the substrate. Later it is dried in oven or by means of u .v. lamp. The process is accomplished with the help of a roll which revolves in opposite direction to the web travel in an adhesive pan. The roll is engraved or the helical grooves are cut on it with great precision. This roll is also called as gravure roll. In conventional gravure roll the diameter of the engraved rolls are typically in the range of 125 to 250mm, but in micro-gravure the rolls diameters is in the range of 20 to 50 mm
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Chapter 11
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Creping. Tissue machine creping
Creping
The crepe blade is the point at which the final sheet appearance is created. The geometry of the blade and its application are critical in establishing the best possible end product. Specifically designed for tissue applications, the crepe blade, along with the Yankee against which it operates, is the heart of the process.
The doctor holder uses a special pneumatic loading arrangement to load the blade against the Yankee cylinder and has a “flexible finger” type backing. The mechanical lock prevents collision of the holder with the cylinder when there is no blade in place. For certain applications and upon request, a stiff holder can be substituted.
Angle adjustment
The doctor assembly is adjustable for different applications and end product properties. The entire assembly can be rotated on the assembly journal by means of a jacking bolt that changes the position of the assembly relative to the loading cylinder stroke.
At a glance
Flexible holder ensures even application of the creping load.
Adjustable angular position allows flexibility for different products and properties.
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In printing colours are created by halftones (dots). All colours can be created using three process colours (in theory).
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The document discusses several common printing processes: photocopying/xerography, offset lithography, flexography, gravure, and screenprinting. For each process, it describes the basic steps, common applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Photocopying involves transferring an image onto paper using static electricity and light. Offset lithography uses inked plates to transfer images onto a rubber cylinder and then paper. Flexography is used for packaging and uses inked flexible plates to print. Gravure etching involves engraving images onto cylinders and filling the etched areas with ink. Screenprinting uses screens with blocked images to push ink onto fabrics or paper.
Advantages & disadvantages of screen printing
Champion Print Studio provides professional, affordable custom tshirt printing in Oakville, Toronto and surrounding areas. Visit their website to learn more, http://championprintstudio.com/.
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This document discusses common defects that can occur during dyeing, printing, and finishing of fabrics, as well as their potential causes. It provides examples of dyeing defects such as bleeding, crocking, shade bars, holes, off shades, and uneven dyeing that may result from issues with the material, water quality, or dye solution. Printing defects like flushing, bleeding, misfits, banding, unwanted pigment marks, and cracks can arise from problems with the print paste or screen. Finishing defects like unwanted marks, decolorized patches, pin holes, pucker, bowing, pilling, water spots, torn selvages, cuts, and soil are also explained. The document emphasizes understanding the
The printing processes
Screen printing uses stencils to transfer images onto surfaces through a fabric screen. The stencil blocks ink from passing through in some areas while allowing it in others to create the image. Carousel screen printing uses multiple screens on a rotating mechanism to print with different colors more quickly and efficiently. Screen printing is commonly used to apply graphics and logos to products. Photocopying uses a dry toner instead of liquid ink in a non-contact printing process, allowing images to be reproduced in different sizes. Gravure printing employs an engraved plate to hold ink which is applied to paper to create high-quality art and photography books. Offset lithography uses oil and gum to divide a smooth plate surface into ink-accepting and ink
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Print Defect Recognition
- 1. Print Quality Training Printed in Wichita Falls, Texas
- 2. Printing Sequence Yellow printed over black Printed in correct sequence
- 3. Pinholes Tiny areas that are not covered by ink Mounting tape is too soft resulting in uncontrolled pinhole
- 4. Pinholes
- 5. Skipout Improper anilox/plate impression setting
- 6. Skipout
- 7. Skipout
- 9. Halo A shadow or double image around the print.
- 10. Halo Plate Imp. Ink Imp.
- 11. Halo
- 12. Dirty Print - Feathering Ragged edges on print and solid; loss of print definition.
- 13. Feathering
- 14. Dirty Print/Dot Bridging Appearance of a dirty, grainy effect as a result of two or more process dots linking together. The gaps between the dots are bridged by ink.
- 16. Dirty Print
- 17. Dirty Print
- 18. Fill-In Generally used to refer to the open portions of small type and half-tones filled by ink.
- 19. Fill-In
- 20. Ink Riders Unwanted foreign material transferring ink to the substrate
- 21. Ink Riders
- 22. Misregister In printing, the alignment of two or more images when printed sequentially on top of each other is called register. Misregister occurs when Colors do not line up as intended.
- 23. Misregister
- 24. Ghosting A faint design of the plate image in a printed area. Ink drying time, over inking/hitting, BC dryer issues.
- 25. Ghosting