The document discusses three modern approaches to management: quantitative approaches, systems approaches, and contingency approaches. Quantitative approaches involve using quantitative techniques to improve decision making and includes topics like economic order quantity and total quality management. Systems approaches view an organization as an open system that interacts with its environment. Contingency approaches base management style on environmental variables and were developed in the late 1960s.

2. BY-JENISHA GANDHI
MODERN APPROACHES OF
MANAGEMENT

3. MODERN APPROACHES:-
 QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES
 SYSTEM APPROACHES
 CONTINGENCY APPROACHES

4. 1.QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES
 HISTORY:-
During world war-2, mathematician, and
other scientist joint together to solve
military problem. The Quantitative school
of management is a result of the research
conducted during world war -2

5. QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES
 QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES INVOLVES THE
USE OF QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES TO
IMPROVE DECISION MAKING.

6. QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES
 EOQ :- ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY
[OPTIMUM INVENTORY LEVEL]
 TQM :- TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
[CUSTOMER’S NEED & EXPECTATION]

7. WHAT IS
TQM?
 FOCUS ON
CUSTOMER
 IMPROVEMENT
 PROCESS
FOCUSED
 QUALITY
IMPROVEMENT
 MEASUREMENT
 EMPOWERMEN
T OF
EMPLOYEES

8. TODAY’S USE QUANTITATIVE
APPROACHES
 CONTRIBUTED DIRECTLY TO MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING
IN THE AREA OF PLANNING AND CONTROLLING.
 MANAGER MAKING BUDGETING, SCHEDULING, QUALITY
CONTROL, DICISIONS THEY TIPICALLY RELY ON THE
QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQYES.
 AID IN DEVELOPING MODELS, EQUATIONS, AND FORMULA HAS
MADE THE USE OF QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES.

9. 2.SYSTEM APPROACHES
 A SYSTEM IS ASET OF INTERRELATED AND
INTERDEPENDENT PARTS ARRANGED IN A
MANNER THAT PRODUCES A UNIFIED WHOLE.
 TWO BASIC TYPE:-
1.CLOSED SYSTEM [DO NOT INTERACT WITH THEIR
ENVIRONMENT]
2.OPEN SYSTEM [DO INTERACT WITH THEIR
ENVIRONMENT]

10. OPEN SYSTEM EXAMPLE:-

11. MH-7 SHOWS IN DIAGRAM OF AN ORGANISATION
WHEN OPEN SYSTEM

12. MH-7
 HARD ELEMENTS:-
 1. STRATEGY
 2.STRUCTURE
 3.SYSTEM
 SHOFT ELEMENTS:-
 1.SHARED VALUES
 2.SKILL
 3.STYLE
 4.STAFF

13. 3.CONTINGENCY APPROACHES
 CONTINGENCY APPROACHES BASED ON
PARTICULAR VARIABLES RELATED TO THE
ENVIRONMENTS.
 CONTINGENCY APPROACHES WERE
DEVELOPED IN THE LATE 1960.

14. POPULAR CONTINGENCY VARIABLES:-