Primary relationships
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This document discusses different types of primary relationships and families. It notes that while traditionally most Americans married, rates of divorce are now around 50% and many choose not to marry. Contemporary relationships are more diverse and structured differently based on individuals' needs. Primary relationships can include marriage, domestic partnerships, or unmarried couples maintaining a relationship. Families extend beyond the primary relationship and can include children, in-laws, grandparents and other relatives through blood, law or choice. The structures of relationships and families are complex and evolving.
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Today’s families chapter 7 lesson 1
The document discusses different types of families and influences on family structure and health. It covers nuclear, single-parent, extended, blended, adoptive, and foster families. Family provides primary support for basic needs and child development. Healthy relationships are built on communication, affirmation, trust, commitment, time together, respect, problem-solving, and love. Stressors like changes in family structure, financial problems, abuse, and running away can negatively impact family health. Seeking help from listening friends, support groups, therapy, and mediation can help address family issues.
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Chapter 8
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*
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*
*
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Separation – married partners decide to no longer live together
Annulment – a pronouncement that declares that a couple never had a valid marriageReligiousCivil (usually for fraud)
Divorce – legal dissolution of a valid marriage
health effects of unhappy marriagesResearch has found that the unhappily married were worse off on heart disease risk factors like high blood pressure and cholesterol than both happily married and single women. One study found that couples in high-conflict marriages take longer than the happily married to heal from various wounds – from minor scrapes to surgery
societal and demographic factors associated with divorceFamily – many of the family’s traditional functions of child care, protection, and recreation have been taken over by outside institutionsReligion – people who are religious are less likely to divorce. Spouses with the same religion more likely to have stable marriagesLaw – legal assistance easier to obtain. Unclear if the prevalence of divorce has made legal proceedings easier, or if easier legal proceedings made divorce more common.
education, income & divorceGenerally, the lower the couple’s educational level and income, the higher the risk for divorceUS Census Bureau: about 36% of women 35-39, with less than 12 years education divorced, compared to about 28% of women with 17+ years of educationnote: the higher the education, the more difficult to marry. But are the marriages more stable if/when they do marry?However, people who have started toward, but failed to complete, a particular degree (regardless of its level), are more likely to divorce than those who complete the degree.Couples below the poverty line are 2x as likely to divorce within 2 years
ethnicity & cultureAfrican American couples are 2x as likely to end their marriages as white and Hispanic couples areLargely due to the fact that they are disproportionately poorAs income levels rise, divorce rates for blacks decrease, resembling those for whitesLatinos have relatively low divorce ratesPartly due to the fact that many are Catholic, and Catholicism frowns on divorce
personal factors associated with divorce
Communication problems
Infidelity
Constant conflict
Emotional abuse
Falling out of love
Unsatisfactory sex
Insufficient income
Physical abuse
Falling in love with someone else
Boredom
effects of divorce
“Divorce hangover” – an individual is unable to let go of the fact that they got a divorce, reorient themselves as single parents, or develop new friendshipsSeparation dist.
Chpt1
The document discusses families and marriage, including definitions of marriage and family, functions of families, and changing views on family structures in the US. It notes families are diverse and dynamic social institutions that are influenced by outside forces and individual experiences. Same-sex marriage is now legal in some US states but remains a topic of ongoing social debate.
Parenting in Low-Income America Final Paper
This paper examines traditional family roles in the context of low-income America and explores the new norms that are emerging.
Strizak powerpointsummer2012
This document discusses cohabitation trends in today's society. It defines cohabitation as two unrelated, unmarried individuals living together sexually. Cohabitation is increasing in acceptance and prevalence. There are various types like dating, premarital, and substitute marriage cohabitation. Most cohabitants are under age 44. While there are pros like independence, cohabitation does not actually lead to better marriages and is associated with higher divorce rates, possibly due to selection effects, getting too accustomed to independence, or inertia preventing separation. Cohabitation can also negatively impact children by creating an unstable home environment with serial partners.
summer 2005 contexts 33Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-3.docx
summer 2005 contexts 33
Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-37, ISSN 1536-5042, electronic ISSN 1537-6052. © 2005 by the American Sociological Association. All rights reserved.
Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Rights and Permissions
website, at www.ucpress.edu/journals/rights.htm.
how cohabitation is
reshaping american families
feature article susan l. brown
Rapid growth in unmarried cohabitation over the past few decades has fundamentally altered American family life.
By providing a context for intimate partnerships and childbearing outside marriage, cohabitation challenges our
understanding of the family.
Most couples marrying today already know what living with
their spouse will be like. That’s because they have been living
together long before they walk down the aisle. The most com-
mon path to marriage is cohabitation, not dating. Once
described as “living in sin” or “shacking up,” cohabitation has
become an experience that most high school seniors, according
to a recent Monitoring the Future survey, agree is “a good idea.”
The rapid increase in “living together” is changing the con-
tours of American families at the same time that it calls into
question our conventional notions of “the family.” Unlike mar-
riage, which is governed by the state, heterosexual cohabita-
tion operates largely outside the purview of the law. The
growth in heterosexual cohabitation exemplifies the infor-
malization of the family and the increased emphasis on emo-
tional (rather than legal) ties to others. Cohabitation is a
distinct family form, neither singlehood nor marriage. We can
no longer understand American families if we ignore it.
the growth in cohabitation
Living together gained momentum during the 1960s,
when traditional moral strictures began to unravel and “the
pill” made sex outside of marriage more commonplace.
Historically, unmarried cohabitation was most common
among the lower classes, for whom marriage held few social,
legal, or economic benefits (see “Unmarried with Children,”
Contexts, Spring 2005). As cohabitation became more wide-
spread, many commentators mistakenly characterized it as a
college-student phenomenon. In reality, college-educated
Americans are the least likely to cohabit. This same myth also
perpetuated a stereotype of cohabitors as never married and
childless, when in actuality a slight majority of cohabitors have
been married previously, and 40 percent of cohabiting unions
involve children. By comparison, 45 percent of married-cou-
ple families have minor children living with them.
Cohabitation today shapes the lives of many Americans.
The 2000 Census counted close to five million opposite-sex
couples living together in America. In 1970, there were just
500,000 cohabiting couples. More than half of young adults
in their 20s and 30s have experienced cohabitation. Cohabiting
unions are relatively short-lived, lasti ...
Ch12
The document provides an overview of relationships and communication in several areas:
1. It discusses the ABCs of relationships - attraction, building, continuation, deterioration, and ending. Factors that influence each stage are explained.
2. Marriage is examined, including historical reasons for marriage, who people typically marry, clarifying expectations, and factors in marital satisfaction. Extramarital affairs, gender differences, and domestic violence are also covered.
3. Divorce rates over time are reviewed along with reasons for the rise in divorce and the costs of divorce, especially for children. Dating after divorce is briefly addressed.
4. Singlehood as an increasing lifestyle is noted, with contributing factors like postpon
Family
The document discusses definitions of family across cultures, comparing traditional ideals of family in Japan and the United States, as well as marriage and divorce rates between the two countries. Japan traditionally valued multigenerational households with inheritance passed through sons, while the US ideal involved married couples with children, though modern families vary in both places. Divorce rates are higher in the US at around 3.4 per 1,000 people compared to around 1 in 4 marriages ending in divorce in Japan.
Interracial Marriage Essay
Essay about Interracial Marriage
Interracial Marriage
Essay about interracial marriages
Interracial Marriage
Interracial Marriages
Interracial Marriage
Interracial Marriage
Sociology Chapter 11 family and marriage
This document summarizes key concepts about families and marriage from a textbook. It defines what constitutes a family and describes how family structures have changed over time and varied across societies. Nuclear and extended families are defined. The functions of families are described as providing social and emotional support, reproduction, regulating sexuality, transmitting status, and economic roles. Theoretical perspectives on families including conflict theory and symbolic interactionism are overviewed. Characteristics of American families and marriage practices such as monogamy, polygamy, and factors in choosing a mate are outlined. Reasons for the high divorce rate in the US are presented along with trends in blended, single-parent, childless, and dual-employed families and increasing rates of cohabitation
Strong6 ppt ch07
The document discusses various aspects of sexuality throughout adulthood, including establishing sexual orientation in early adulthood, redefining sexuality and dealing with biological changes in middle adulthood, and addressing stereotypes and health issues related to sexuality in late adulthood. Key topics covered include sexual development, relationships, orientation, cohabitation, parenting, and the impact of aging on sexuality. Statistics and surveys are presented on topics like sexual activity levels and satisfaction at different life stages.
Chapter 11 family and marriage
This document discusses families and marriage. It defines different types of families like nuclear, extended, and blended families. It also discusses the history of families and how they have changed over time from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural and industrial societies. The document then covers marriage practices in the US like monogamy, factors that contribute to relationship and marital success or divorce, and trends in modern families like dual-employment, single-parent households, cohabitation, and childless marriages.
Marriage & the Family Chapter.docx
Marriage & the Family
Chapter 1
Defining FamilyMaking ChoicesA Family of IndividualsMarriages and Families: Four Themes
*
Defining FamilyLaw and SciencePeople related by blood, marriage or adoption.U.S. Census BureauTwo or more persons who share a household and who are related by blood, marriage or adoption.
*
Which of These Is a Family?A husband and wife and their offspring.A single woman and her three children.A 52-year-old woman and her adoptive mother.A man, his daughter, and the daughter’s son.An 84-year-old widow and her dog, Fido.A man and all of his ancestors back to Adam and Eve.
*
Which of These Is a Family?Two lesbians and their children from a previous marriage of one woman and a previous relationship of the other woman with a male friend.Two children, their divorced parents, the current spouses of their divorced parents, and the children from previous marriages of their stepparents.
*
Which of These Is a Family?Two adult male cousins living together.A 77-year-old man and his best friend.A childless husband and wife who live 1,000 miles apart. A divorced man, his girlfriend, and her child.Both sets of parents of a deceased married couple. Six adults and their 12 young children, all living together in a communal fashion.
*
American Households, 2000
*
Facts: U.S. Families TodayFewer people are currently married.People are postponing marriage.Cohabitation has emerged as a lifestyle intermediate between marriage and
singlehood.
Some cohabitants maintain gay and lesbian domestic partnerships.
*
Facts: U.S. Families TodayThe number of people living alone is substantial.Many adult children live with their parents.A much higher proportion of older men than older women are married.
*
Facts: U.S. Families TodayParenthood is increasingly postponed and fertility has declined.More births are to unmarried mothers than in the past.There are now fewer children and more elderly.Divorce rates have stabilized, but remain high.
*
Facts: U.S. Families TodayRemarriage rates have declined, but remain high.Most children live in two parent households.Over the last five years the proportion of children living in singleparent families has stabilized.
*
Facts: U.S. Families TodayThere is considerable variation in children’s living arrangements.Children are more likely to live with a grandparent today than in the recent past.Most parents are working parents.Children are more likely than the general population or the elderly to be living in poverty.
*
New Definition of FamilyAny sexually expressive or parent–child or other kin relationship in which people related by ancestry, marriage, or adoption:
Form an economic unit and care for any young.
Consider their identity to be significantly attached to the group.
Commit to maintaining that group over time.
*
Marriages and Families:
.
Marriage and family life in america sample essay
This document discusses marriage and family life in America. It notes that while marriage was once considered a sacred lifelong commitment, divorce is now very common in the US. The institution of marriage is crumbling with high divorce and cohabitation rates. Failed marriages present economic challenges for the government. Working long hours also negatively impacts family time and stability. While religion is linked to lower divorce rates, America has shorter waiting periods for divorce than other nations. Overall the essay examines the declining state of marriage in the US.
Berger Ls 7e Ch 16
This document discusses key aspects of adolescent psychosocial development including identity, relationships, sexuality, and sadness/anger. It covers Erikson's stages of identity development and arenas of achievement. Relationships with peers and forming cliques/crowds are explored as well as influences on sexuality. Adolescent depression, suicide, and comorbid disorders are examined. Causes of sadness/anger in teens and types of juvenile offenders are also summarized.
Same Sex Parents
This document discusses same sex parents and research on children raised by them. It begins by stating that homosexuality is not hereditary or something that can change sexual orientation. Studies have shown children of same sex parents do not have more psychological problems than other family structures. Approximately 1-2 million children in the US have a lesbian or gay parent. Same sex parents are more likely to adopt or foster children compared to heterosexual couples. Research indicates children of same sex parents have normal development and adjustment, and parenting ability is not related to sexual orientation. The document provides resources for same sex parents and educators.
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summer 2005 contexts 33Contexts, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 33-3.docx
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Primary relationships
- 1. Interpersonal Communication Dr. Marquita L. Byrd Marquita.byrd@sjsu.edu
- 3. Dying Traditional Americans like to marry 50% get divorced 50% of those get remarried People who can support families and more educated continue to get married Changing Contemporary or post- modern Creating structures that fit the needs of the people involved Marriage is evolving to fit new stresses and life styles
- 4. People living in a married or married like state Married recognized by state and or church Married like, not recognized by the state or church but maintaining a “marriage” in the relationship sense No, Californiadoes not havecommon law marriage
- 5. Primary relationship children in-laws grandparents siblings Primary relationship Family constellation of people surrounding the primary relationship 1.People 2. Related 3. Blood 4. Law 5. Choice Families Relationsare Complex
- 6. Relationship: pattern of interaction Legal: paperwork, documents Where does that put domestic partnerships? Not privy to same health insurance process, pay more for partnership license than heterosexuals Cannot file joint taxes
- 7. Love? Companionship? Sex? Friendship? Support? Security? Self-worth? None of the Above! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
- 8. Described by gender, number, sexual fidelity
- 9. Monogamous Non- monogamous
- 10. Monogamous Non Monogamous
- 11. Polygamous • Polyandry • Polyamory: new movement • Swingers Earliest Recorded?
- 12. Several people with various sexual practices Sharing various resources: When was highest number in the US?
- 13. Parents previously married to others Bringing two families together Blended
- 15. Marriage across any cultural, religious, racial boundaries Racial Ethnic Religion Transgender National
- 16. Every Style You Can Imagine. Family structure based on social norms and indigenous needs.