Bronchial Asthma in Children discusses asthma in childhood. It defines childhood asthma as easily inflamed lungs and airways triggered by things like colds, pollen, or pollution. Symptoms include frequent coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and trouble sleeping. Causes include genetics, environment, infections, and allergies. Treatment involves controlling triggers through medication like inhaled corticosteroids and monitoring lung function with devices.

1. Bronchial Asthma In Children
By Dr. Yawar Shabbir Cheema

2. Introduction
• In childhood asthma, the lungs and airways become easily
inflamed when exposed to certain triggers, such as inhaling
pollen or catching a cold or other respiratory infection.
Childhood asthma can cause bothersome daily symptoms that
interfere with play, sports, school and sleep.

4. Symptoms
• Frequent coughing that worsens when your child has a viral
infection, occurs while your child is asleep or is triggered by
exercise or cold air
• A whistling or wheezing sound when breathing out
• Shortness of breath
• Chest congestion or tightness

5. • Childhood asthma might also cause:
• Trouble sleeping due to shortness of breath, coughing or
wheezing
• Bouts of coughing or wheezing that get worse with a cold or the
flu
• Delayed recovery or bronchitis after a respiratory infection
• Trouble breathing that hampers play or exercise
• Fatigue, which can be due to poor sleep

6. Causes
• Inherited tendency to develop allergies
• Parents with asthma
• Some types of airway infections at a very young age
• Exposure to environmental factors, such as cigarette smoke or
other air pollution

7. • Viral infections such as the common cold
• Exposure to air pollutants, such as tobacco smoke
• Allergies to dust mites, pet dander, pollen or mold
• Physical activity
• Weather changes or cold air

9. Risk Factors
• Exposure to tobacco smoke, including before birth
• Previous allergic reactions, including skin reactions, food allergies or
hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
• A family history of asthma or allergies
• Living in an area with high pollution
• Obesity
• Respiratory conditions, such as a chronic runny or stuffy nose
(rhinitis), inflamed sinuses (sinusitis) or pneumonia
• Heartburn (gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD)
• Being male
• Being black or Puerto Rican

10. Prevention
• Limit exposure to asthma triggers. Help your child avoid the
allergens and irritants that trigger asthma symptoms.
• Don't allow smoking around your child.Exposure to tobacco
smoke during infancy is a strong risk factor for childhood
asthma, as well as a common trigger of asthma attacks.
• Encourage your child to be active. As long as your child's
asthma is well-controlled, regular physical activity can help the
lungs to work more efficiently.

11. • Help your child maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight
can worsen asthma symptoms, and it puts your child at risk of
other health problems.
• Keep heartburn under control. Acid reflux or severe heartburn
(gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD) might worsen your
child's asthma symptoms. He or she might need over-the-
counter or prescription medications to control acid reflux

12. Diagnosis
• Spirometry. A spirometer is a device used to check lung function. ...
• Peak flow monitoring. A peak flow meter is used to measure the
amount of air a child can blow out of the lungs. ...
• Chest X-rays. ...
• Allergy tests.

13. Treatment
• Inhaled corticosteroids. These are the most common long-term control
medications for asthma. ...
• Leukotriene modifiers. These include montelukast (Singulair), zafirlukast
(Accolate) and zileuton (Zyflo). ...
• Combination inhalers. ...
• Theophylline. ...
• Biologics.
•

14. •Thank you