The document summarizes the design of a vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) for use in remote communities in Newfoundland and Labrador. Key aspects of the design include selecting a three-bladed H-rotor configuration with DU 06-W-200 airfoils, performing aerodynamic and structural analysis to validate a design that can produce 100 kW of power, and estimating the capital and operating costs which indicate a payback period of around 3 years compared to current diesel generation. The design aims to provide a simple and robust turbine suitable for variable wind conditions in remote areas.
3. Problem Definition and Goals
Problem Definition
Design a VAWT for operation in remote communities in Newfoundland
and Labrador.
The turbine should:
Work in conjunction with diesel generators
Simple design to reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance issues
Produce at least 100 kW of power at rated wind speed
Able to account for variable wind conditions in the target area
4. Project Scope
The project will examine the following aspects of the VAWT
design:
Detailed structural design and analysis
Detailed aerodynamic simulation using computational fluid dynamics
Basic vibrational analysis
Modelling and engineering drawings of mechanical and structural
components
Economic analysis
5. Why aVerticalAxisWindTurbine?
Heavy drivetrain components are located at the
base
Easier to maintain
They operate from winds in any direction
No yaw system required
Generate less noise than horizontal-axis
turbines
6. Concept Selection:VAWT Configurations
Two main configurations: Savonius and Darrieus
Savonius is drag driven
Low efficiency
Darrieus is lift driven
High efficiency
7. Concept Selection:VAWT Configurations
Two main configurations: Savonius and Darrieus
Savonius is drag driven
Low efficiency
Darrieus is lift driven
High efficiency
8. Concept Selection: Darrieus Configurations
H-Rotor
Simple
Less Efficient
Complex
More Efficient
Helical
Full Darrieus
9. Concept Selection: Darrieus Configurations
H-Rotor
Simple
Less Efficient
Complex
More Efficient
Helical
Full Darrieus
13. Concept Design
Criteria Optimal Choice Alternatives
Configuration H-Rotor Darrieus Full Darrieus, Helical Darrieus, Savonius
# of Blades 3 2 to 4
Airfoil DU 06-W-200 NACA-Series Airfoils
14. Aerodynamic Design
Preliminary sizing: 320 m2 swept area
From wind power density formula:
Analytical analysis using QBlade
Developed torque and power curve
Validation using lift & drag equations
Validation using ANSYS CFX
W/m2 = ½ ρavg cP V3
Fl = ½ ρavg A cl W2
Sizing
Validation
16. ANSYS CFX Setup
Used 2D simulation
Sacrifices some accuracy for reduced
computational demand
Sufficient to validate QBlade results
Fine mesh near airfoils to capture boundary
layer effects
Mesh refinement study carried out
17. ANSYS CFX Results
Average power: 145 kW at peak operating condition
Does not account for blade tip losses
Sufficient to validate QBlade results
23. MechanicalComponents
Drive Shaft
Outer Diameter: 406.4 mm
Inner Diameter: 355.6 mm
Length: 7 m
Bearings
Tapered Roller Bearing
Bore: 406.4 mm
Outer Diameter: 546.1 mm
Life Span: >20 years
Mechanical Coupling
RB Flexible Coupling
24. Braking and Control
Dynamic braking used to control speed in high winds
Dissipates excess power through a network of resistors
External-contact drum brakes used for shutdown
Spring-applied, electrically released
Fail-safe operation
Compressed air starting system
Cheap and reliable
SIBRE Siegerland Bremsen GmbH
25. Generator
Low-speed permanent-magnet generator
Eliminates need for a gearbox
Units are typically custom-built for specific applications
Rated speed can be as low as 10 rev/min
Sicme Motori Srl
26. EconomicAnalysis
Estimated Capital Cost
$425 000.00
Quotes
Maintenance Cost per year
VAWT Turbine - $10 000.00
Diesel Generators - $86 380.00
Projected Fuel Cost of 2015
$3 630 967.00
Payoff Period
~1M dollars saved annually for an installation of 5 turbines
3 Years
27. FutureWork
Full 3D CFD analysis
Structural Dynamic Model
Foundation / Civil Work
Control System Design
Full Scale Testing
28. Conclusion
Goal: Design a simple, robust
vertical-axis wind turbine for
use in remote communities
Project goals were met
VAWT design is a viable option to provide
power to remote communities
29.
MUNVAWT DESIGN
ENGI 8926 Mechanical Design Project II
QUESTIONS?
http://www.munvawtdesign.weebly.com
Acknowledgements:
Thank you to Dr. Sam Nakhla for guidance on structural analysis.