The document discusses how hormones affect periodontal disease in women throughout their life cycle. It covers puberty, where an increase in certain hormones can lead to increased gingivitis. During menstruation, hormones like estrogen and progesterone prepared the uterus for pregnancy. Premenstrual syndrome can occur before menstruation due to changes in hormone levels, causing mood changes. The monthly reproductive cycle has two phases - the follicular phase where estrogen rises and the luteal phase where progesterone rises, preparing the body for potential pregnancy.