This document provides biographies of several key contributors to the Arch Linux operating system. It introduces Linux creator Linus Torvalds and describes how he started developing the kernel in 1991 as a student project. It then profiles over a dozen current Arch Linux developers and maintainers, listing their roles, contact details, locations, interests and favorite distributions. The document highlights the international nature of the Arch Linux community.
From UNICS To Unix: A brief history: - Early on, in the 1960s and 1970s, every major
computer manufacturer supplied operating system as a proprietary software
From UNICS To Unix: A brief history: - Early on, in the 1960s and 1970s, every major
computer manufacturer supplied operating system as a proprietary software
I Am Linux-Introductory Module on LinuxSagar Kumar
This module covers Introduction to Linux, History of Linux, Features of Linux, Advantage of Linux, File System Hierarchy Standard, Knowing root, Linux Commands, Working with Files and Directories, etc.
Every time you switch on your computer, you see a screen where you can perform different activities like write, browse the internet or watch a video. What is it that makes the computer hardware work like that? How does the processor on your computer know that you are asking it to run a mp3 file?
Well, it is the operating system or the kernel which does this work. A kernel is a program at the heart of any operating system that takes care of fundamental stuff, like letting hardware communicate with software.
So, to work on your computer you need an operating system (OS). In fact, you are using one as you read on your computer. Now, you may have used popular OS’s like Windows, Apple OS X but here we see what Linux is and what benefits it offers over other OS choices.
Part 1 of 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics': IntroductionJoachim Jacob
This is part 1 of the training session 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics'. We explain in very general terms what Linux is and stands for, and how we can get access to it. Interested in following this training session? Please contact me at http://www.jakonix.be/contact.html
BITS: Introduction to linux, distributions and installationBITS
This slide is part of the BITS training session: "Introduction to linux for life sciences."
See http://www.bits.vib.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17203890%3Abioperl-additional-material&catid=84&Itemid=284
I Am Linux-Introductory Module on LinuxSagar Kumar
This module covers Introduction to Linux, History of Linux, Features of Linux, Advantage of Linux, File System Hierarchy Standard, Knowing root, Linux Commands, Working with Files and Directories, etc.
Every time you switch on your computer, you see a screen where you can perform different activities like write, browse the internet or watch a video. What is it that makes the computer hardware work like that? How does the processor on your computer know that you are asking it to run a mp3 file?
Well, it is the operating system or the kernel which does this work. A kernel is a program at the heart of any operating system that takes care of fundamental stuff, like letting hardware communicate with software.
So, to work on your computer you need an operating system (OS). In fact, you are using one as you read on your computer. Now, you may have used popular OS’s like Windows, Apple OS X but here we see what Linux is and what benefits it offers over other OS choices.
Part 1 of 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics': IntroductionJoachim Jacob
This is part 1 of the training session 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics'. We explain in very general terms what Linux is and stands for, and how we can get access to it. Interested in following this training session? Please contact me at http://www.jakonix.be/contact.html
BITS: Introduction to linux, distributions and installationBITS
This slide is part of the BITS training session: "Introduction to linux for life sciences."
See http://www.bits.vib.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17203890%3Abioperl-additional-material&catid=84&Itemid=284
In the presentation I have tried to cover the Evolution of Linux as an Operating System. The most of the content used is freely available on Internet , I have just tried to streamline it and summarize it as cleanly as possible from my point of view. Any improvements, suggestions, comments are most welcom.
History of Linux
Brain behind development
Why Linux
GNU
Why GNU ?
Where can you find Linux?
Linux is Best!!
Core components of Linux
File system
Drive letter’s
Security
Facts about Linux
1. Linux (diucapkan ˈlɪnəks atau /ˈlɪnʊks/)[1] adalah nama
yang diberikan kepada sistem operasi komputer bertipe
Unix. Linux merupakan salah satu contoh hasil
pengembangan perangkat lunak bebas dan sumber terbuka
utama. Seperti perangkat lunak bebas dan sumber terbuka
lainnya pada umumnya, kode sumber Linux dapat
dimodifikasi, digunakan dan didistribusikan kembali secara
bebas oleh siapa saja.[2]
Nama "Linux" berasal dari nama pembuatnya, yang
diperkenalkan tahun 1991 oleh Linus Torvalds. Sistemnya,
peralatan sistem dan pustakanya umumnya berasal dari
sistem operasi GNU, yang diumumkan tahun 1983 oleh
Richard Stallman. Kontribusi GNU adalah dasar dari
munculnya nama alternatif GNU/Linux.[3]
2. Linux telah lama dikenal untuk penggunaannya di server,
dan didukung oleh perusahaan-perusahaan komputer
ternama seperti Intel, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Novell,
Oracle Corporation, Red Hat, dan Sun Microsystems. Linux
digunakan sebagai sistem operasi di berbagai macam jenis
perangkat keras komputer, termasuk komputer desktop,
superkomputer,[4], dan sistem benam seperti pembaca buku
elektronik, sistem permainan video (PlayStation 2,
PlayStation 3 dan XBox[5]), telepon genggam dan router.
Para pengamat teknologi informatika beranggapan
kesuksesan Linux dikarenakan Linux tidak bergantung
kepada vendor (vendor independence), biaya operasional
yang rendah, dan kompatibilitas yang tinggi dibandingkan
versi UNIX tak bebas, serta faktor keamanan dan
kestabilannya yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan sistem
operasi lainnya seperti Microsoft Windows.
3. Ciri-ciri ini juga menjadi bukti atas keunggulan
model pengembangan perangkat lunak sumber
terbuka (opensource software).
Sistem operasi Linux yang dikenal dengan istilah
distribusi Linux (Linux distribution) atau distro Linux
umumnya sudah termasuk perangkat-perangkat
lunak pendukung seperti server web, bahasa
pemrograman, basisdata, tampilan desktop (desktop
environment) seperti GNOME,KDE dan Xfce juga
memiliki paket aplikasi perkantoran (office suite)
seperti OpenOffice.org, KOffice, Abiword, Gnumeric
dan LibreOffice.
4. Pembuat Linux OS
Linus Torvalds
Linus Torvalds dilahirkan di Helsinki, Finlandia, pada tanggal 28
Desember 1969. Dalam usianya yang ke 10, Linus mulai
berkecimpung di dalam pemograman komputer, dengan
menggunakan komputer milik kakeknya, Commodore VIC-20.
Komputing pun menjadi hobinya. Pada tahun 1988 Linus diterima
menjadi mahasiswa di University of Helsinki, Finlandia. Pada
tahun 1990, Linus memulai kelas pemograman C pertamanya.
5. Pada April 1991, Linus Torvalds, seorang mahasiswa berusia 21 tahun dari Universitas
Helsinski, Finlandia mulai memikirkan sesuatu ide sederhana untuk suatu Sistem
Operasi. Ia memulai dengan task switcher dalam Bahasa Rakitan x86 pada Intel 80386
dan sebuah driver Terminal. Pada 25 Agustus 1991, Torvalds memposting sebuah
pesan di comp.os.minix, sebuah newsgroup di Usenet:
I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like
gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. This has been brewing since April, and is starting to get
ready. I'd like any feedback on things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it
somewhat (same physical layout of the file-system (due to practical reasons) among
other things). I've currently ported bash(1.08) and gcc(1.40), and things seem to work.
This implies that I'll get something practical within a few months [...] Yes - it's free of
any minix code, and it has a multi-threaded fs. It is NOT portable (uses 386 task
switching etc), and it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as
that's all I have :-(.
[...] It's mostly in C, but most people wouldn't call what I write C. It uses every
conceivable feature of the 386 I could find, as it was also a project to teach me about
the 386. As already mentioned, it uses a MMU, for both paging (not to disk yet) and
segmentation. It's the segmentation that makes it REALLY 386 dependent (every task
has a 64Mb segment for code & data - max 64 tasks in 4Gb. Anybody who needs more
than 64Mb/task - tough cookies). [...] Some of my "C"-files (specifically mm.c) are
almost as much assembler as C. [...] Unlike minix, I also happen to LIKE interrupts, so
interrupts are handled without trying to hide the reason behind them.
6. Allan McRae
Alias: Allan
Email: allan.archlinux.org
Other Contact:
jabber:allan.mcrae@jabber.or
g
PGP Key: 0xEAE999BD
Roles:
Toolchain Maintainer,
Pacman Developer
Website: http://allanmcrae.com/
Occupation: Statistical Geneticist
YOB: 1980
Location: Brisbane, Australia
Languages: English
Interests:
Anime, Martial Arts, Nature,
Poker
Favorite Distros: Arch, LFS
25. Rémy Oudompheng
Alias: remy
Email: remy.archlinux.org
Other Contact:
PGP Key: 0x2D1493D2
Roles:
Developer
Website:
Occupation: Engineer
YOB: 1986
Location: Paris, France
Languages: French, English, and a bit of Spanish and Italian
Interests:
Mathematics, TeX, uncommon programming
languages, uncommon human languages
Favorite Distros: Arch
26. Aplikasi Adalah subkelas dari perangkat lunak (software) yang memanfaatkan
kemampuan komputer langsung untuk melakukan suatu tugas yang diinginkan
pengguna. Contoh utama aplikasi adalah pengolah kata ( Ms. Word ), Lembar
kerja, dan pemutar media ( Windows Media Player )
OS/ Sistem Operasi Adalah seperangkat program yang mengelola sumber daya perangkat
keras komputer dan menyediakan layanan umum untuk aplikasi. OS adalah jenis yang
paling penting dari perangkat lunak sistem dalam sistem komputer. Tanpa sistem operasi,
pengguna tidak dapat menjalankan program aplikasi pada komputer mereka, kecuali
program aplikasi booting. Contoh OS adalah Linux, Android, Symbian, Mac OSX, Microsoft
Windows
Kesimpulanya :
Aplikasi, Program, dan OS merupakan software. Aplikasi itu tersusun atas program (
instruksi-instruksi sehingga bisa digunakan oleh pengguna), dan semuanya itu tidak
bisa dijalankan apabila tidak ada OS.