Special education refers to education for children with disabilities that is provided separately from mainstream education. It originated in the 1880s in India and focused on separate schools for specific disability categories like blindness, deafness, and intellectual disabilities. While special schools provide specialized resources and teachers with expertise, they can be disadvantageous by separating children from their families and communities. Integrated education aims to address these issues by including children with disabilities in ordinary schools part-time or full-time with some specialized support. It promotes social integration and helps remove the inferiority complex that children with disabilities may feel.

4. SPECIAL EDUCATION
Definition
“Special Education is a separate system of Education for DISABLED children
out side the mainstream Education”
It was based on the assumption that children with disability had some special
Needs that could not be met in mainstream schools there for , they need to study
in a separate school with other children having similar needs.
concept
It was evolved in the 1880s in India
In 1947, India had a total of 32 schools for the blind , 30 for the deaf and 3 for
Mentally retarded.
Special schools are generally organised according to different disability categories

5. ADVANTAGES
 children get specialized resourse support
 children are taught by a specialist having expertise on
specific impairments, their needs may sometimes be understood
better
 In a special schools children grow up with their disability
peers and develop a common culture.
 To help them for for better life.
 To cater their daily needs

6. DISADVANTAGES
 Special education requires following three elements;
1. Trained professionals including teachers,educationists,physiotherapists.
2. Special curriculum made for students with different disabilities.
3. Infrastructure facilities like building features, study places, material and
equipments.
 The major disadvantage of separate education in separate environment are
that,the children staying away from families may find it hard to readjust to their
families ,Peers and communities and children usually have to leave their families
and Communities to stay in a residential setting because these schools are
usually not Available in their immediate environment.

8. INTEGRATED EDUCATION
Definition
“Integrated education is the educational programme in which exceptional children
Attended classes with normal children on either a part or full time basis”
It is placement of disabled children in ordinary schools with some specialised eductional
Help and services.
Concept
The concept of integrated education arises as outcome of National Policy of Education,
1986 recommended equal opportunity to all not only for access but also for success.
Integration signifies the process of interaction of disabled children with normal children
In the same educational setting.

9. Importance
 It does not create a feeling of differentiation among disabled children.
 It helps to remove inferiority complex among disabled children .
 It provides peer group help in learning from normal children.
 It provides disabled children a chance to enjoy school life with normal children.
 it ensure social integration.
 It inculcates affection , love and respect for disabled children among normal children.
 disabled or challenged students may get help from peers for learning and get motivated
for learning.
 It is less expensive . Special infrastructure is not required .