This document summarizes activities related to natural and induced disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, landslides, and climate change. It discusses monitoring Earth from space through missions like SAFE and from ocean floors. Experiments are conducted on topics like cyclones, ocean currents, glacial melting, biodiversity, and invasive species. The document also addresses issues like waste, including food waste which accounts for 24% of global food production, and its environmental and economic impacts. Earth monitoring is designed to improve understanding of interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and Earth's interior using cutting-edge space technologies.

1. ACTIVITIES
NATURAL and INDUCED DISASTERS
●Earthquakes and volcanoes
●Climate change and its consequences
- global warming
- oceans warming
- glaciers melting - permafrost thawing
- extreme events
- biodiversity loss
●Waste
●Earth monitoring

2. VOLCANOES and EARTHQUAKES
Seismicity in Europe
VOLCANISM and SEIMICITY in the WORLD

3. VOLCANOES and EARTHQUAKES
• Goals
• Analyze historical events
• Analyze data
• Experiments

4. FLOODS and LANDSLIDES

5. Hydrogeological
issues
landslides

6. Historical disasters
● Vajont - Italy
● 9 October 1963
● 1910 casualties
● Valley floor
devastation
● Arno flood- Florence
● 4 November 1966
● 48 casualities, 5 missing
● 46.600 flood victims
● Extensive damages
inTuscany

7. CLIMATE CHANGE
and its
CONSEQUENCES

8. Global Warming

9. Greenhouse effect

10. Consequences

11. GLOBAL
WARMINGOCEANS
WARMING

12. Experiments
OCEAN CURRENTS
THERMAL CAPACITY OF
WATER

13. GLACIERS MELTING

14. With our experimets we
have tried to understand
better the issue...
Sea ice vs land
ice…what is the
difference?
Does the presence of
land masses
influence ice melting?
Strange effects of
conduction...

15. IN ITALY
➢Between the years
2007 and 2012 the
5% of Italian
glaciers has been
lost
➢In this century all
the glaciers will be
gone

16. CYCLONES
How to make?
How they behave?

17. CORIOLIS FORCE
What is it?
It is a fictitious force that seems to act on objects that are
in motion within a frame of reference that rotates
What is its effect on atmosphere?

18. Link with global warming
It seems there is a correlation with cyclones
intensity but not with frequency

19. EXPERIMENTS
Cyclone simulation
The pinwheel
The “carousel”

20. Biodiversity Alien species

21. Biodiversity

22. 3 different Types of biodiversity

23. Genetic

24. Species

25. Ecosystem

26. Dangers threatening
biodiversity

27. Consequences

28. How can we preserbe biodiversity?

29. ALIEN SPECIES

30. NON-NATIVE SPECIES

31. Invasive Species

32. CONSEQUENCES

33. WASTE

34. FOOD WASTE
24% OF WORLD FOOD

35. PRODUCTION WASTE
Harvest
Storage
Industrial processing
Distribution
Consumption

36. Energy consumption in agriculture
• Transport, freezing
• Machines, fertilisers, pesticides, irrigation
• Electricity, packing
• Freezing and cooking of food
1 ton of oil
=
4 years of human
work
SALAD IN THE BAG
Energy consumption:
7800 kcal
Calorie consumption
:200 kcal
30%

37. Environmental and economic impact
●250.000 million litres of water
●1,4 billion of hectares of
arable land
●3,3 billion of m³ di CO2

38. WATER CONSUMPTION
Environmental and economic impact

39. FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION
●1000 barrels of oil
●96.000 m3 of gas
●222 ton of coal
1.000 billion dollars per
year
+ additional costs
Environmental and economic impact

40. CONSEQUENCES AND
DAMAGES OF THE
CONSUMPTION OF:

41. The Earthisconstantly monitored fromspacetotheocean floor,
through different mssions,likeSAFE,SwArmForEarthquake
study,which isaproject coordinated bythe IstitutoNazionale di
Geofisica eVulcanologia (INGV)and funded bythe European
Space Agency(ESA),toinvestigate, bymeans ofdata collected
fromsatellites and fromground-based instruments,our planet
TheEarthmonitoringmissionsaredesignedtoimproveour
understandingofEarth.Theyusecutting-edgespace
technologiestolearnmoreatiobouttheinteracnsbetween
theatmosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere,cryosphereand
Earth’sinterior,essentialhowEarthworksasasystem
Basedonsatelliteandinsituobservations,theCopernicus
servicesdelivernear-real-timedataonagloballevel
whichcanalsobeusedforlocalandregionalneeds,to
helpusbetterunderstandourplanetandsustainably
managetheenvironmentwelivein.
EARTH MONITORING

42. Missionspacelab
TheEuropeanAstroPiChallengeisanESA Educationprojectrunin
collaborationwiththeRaspberryPiFoundation.Itoffersyoung
peopletheamazingopportunitytoconductscientific
investigationsinspace,bywritingcomputerprogramsthatrunon
RaspberryPicomputersonboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.
OurscientificexperimentrunontheISS

43. Analysis photos from satellites
Softwares

44. MONITORING
weather station
On the roof of the Liceo
Majorana, connected to
raspberry
https://ehand.liceodesio.gov.it/meteo
/