Global warming is caused by increased levels of greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally and makes Earth habitable, but human activities have enhanced the effect. Burning fossil fuels and other activities have increased carbon dioxide and methane levels, trapping more heat in the lower atmosphere and leading to warming temperatures worldwide. This global warming will cause significant climate change impacts like sea level rise and more extreme weather unless reduced. The Philippines is especially vulnerable to these impacts due to its geography and development.

1. MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY-MAGUINDANAO
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Tamontaka, Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao
SCIENCE EDUCATION 228
(Environmental Education)
2nd
Semester, S.Y. 2013-2014
GLOBAL WARMING
Presented by:
SALLY C. LAURENTE
MSCIEED Math – Istudent
DR. ROSEMARIE D.R. JOSUEDR. ROSEMARIE D.R. JOSUE
Visiting Professor

2. Global warming is the unusually
rapid increase in Earth’s average
temperature over the past century
due to the greenhouse gases
released as people burn fossil fuels.
What Is Global
Warming?

4.  To understand Global Warming, it’s
first necessary to become familiar with the
greenhouse effect.
 Earth’s natural greenhouse effect
makes life as we know it possible.
 A layer of greenhouse gases act as a
thermal blanket for the Earth, absorbing
heat and warming the surface to life
supporting average of 59 degrees
Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius).

5. Greenhouse Effect is a
process by which thermal
radiation from a planetary
surface is absorbed by
atmospheric greenhouse
gases and is re-radiated in all
directions.

6. 
GASES THAT CONTRIBUTES TO
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
• Water Vapor
• Carbon dioxide
• Methane
• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
• Nitrous oxide

7. EARTH’S NATURAL GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Earth’s temperature begins with the sun.
Roughly 30% of the incoming sunlight is reflected back into
space.
The remaining 70%, most is absorbed by the atmosphere.
The absorbed solar energy heats our planet.
Among the planets in the solar system Earth has relatively mild
and stable temperature because of the balanced greenhouse
effect of our planet.
The natural greenhouse effect is beneficial for the life on earth.
Without the greenhouse effect the Earth’s average temperature
would be very chilly.

8. Naturally occurring greenhouse gases — carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide
(N2O) — normally trap some of the sun’s heat,
keeping the planet from freezing.

9. NOT ENOUGH GREENHOUSE EFFECT
The planet Mars has a very thin
atmosphere, nearly all carbon dioxide.
Because of the low atmospheric
pressure, and with little to no methane
or water vapor to reinforce the weak
greenhouse effect, Mars has a largely
frozen surface that shows no evidence
of life.
PLANET MARS

10. TOO MUCH GREENHOUSE EFFECT
The atmosphere of Venus, like
Mars, is nearly all carbon dioxide. But
Venus has about 300 times as much
carbon dioxide in its atmosphere as
Earth and Mars do, producing a
runaway greenhouse effect and a
surface temperature hot enough to
melt lead.
PLANET VENUS

11. HUMAN ACTIVITY THAT ENHANCED THE
GREENHOUSE EFFECT WHICH RESULTED TO
GLOBAL WARMING
Deforestation
 Land use change
Burning of fossil fuels
Decomposition of waste in the
landfills
Rice cultivation

12. HUMAN ACTIVITY THAT ENHANCED THE
GREENHOUSE EFFECT WHICH RESULTED TO
GLOBAL WARMING
Use of commercial fertilizers
Fossil fuel combustion
Nitric acid production
Biomass burning
Use of synthetic compound like
CFCs

13. CARBON DIOXIDE levels have increased nearly
38 % as of 2009 and METHANE levels have
increased 148%

14. Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, are
increasing greenhouse gas levels, leading to an enhanced
greenhouse effect. The result is global warming and
unprecedented rates of climate change.

15. GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
The atmosphere today contains more
greenhouse
gas molecules, so more of the infrared energy
emitted by the surface ends up being absorbed
by
the atmosphere. Since some of the extra energy
from a warmer atmosphere radiates back down
to the surface, Earth’s surface temperature
rises.
It's reasonable to assume that changes in

16. But several lines of evidence show that
current global warming cannot be explained
by changes in energy from the sun:
 Since 1750, the average amount of energy coming
from the Sun either remained constant or increased
slightly.
 If the warming were caused by a more active sun, then
scientists would expect to see warmer temperatures in
all layers of the atmosphere. Instead, they have
observed a cooling in the upper atmosphere, and a
warming at the surface and in the lower parts of the
atmosphere. That's because greenhouse gasses are
trapping heat in the lower atmosphere.

17. Most climate scientists agree the main
cause of the
current global warming trend is human
expansion of
the "greenhouse effect“ -- warming that
results
when the atmosphere traps heat
radiating from
Earth toward space.
If global warming continues unchecked,
it will cause
significant CLIMATE CHANGE, a rise
in sea levels,
increasing ocean acidification, extreme
weather
events and other severe natural and

18. Climate scientists believed that these
recorded phenomena are some of the
manifestations that our climate is changing:
 Dry field
 Glaciers tore itself off
 Landslide
 Massive dust storms
 Toxic algae pollute drinking supply
lake
 Wild fire
 Blackout

19. CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE PHILIPPINES
The Philippines is extremely vulnerable to the
effects of climate change for two main reasons:
GEOGRAPHY and DEVELOPMENT.
A recent United Nations report identified the
country as the third-most at-risk from climate
change in the world, ranked behind the South
Pacific island nations of Vanuatu and Tonga.

20. THIS MAP SHOWS WHY THE PHILIPPINES IS
SO VULNERABLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE

21. THE FIVE DIFFERENT RISK
FACTORS THE MAP
IDENTIFIES:
 Rise in sea levels
 Extreme rainfall events
 Extreme heating events
 Increased ocean temperatures
 A disturbed water budget

22. THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
SPECIFICALLY IN THE PHILIPPINES
 CLIMATE AND WEATHER - extreme heat
during
summer and colder during -ber months,
untimely and
stronger typhoons.
 SEA LEVEL RISE - the Philippines have the
risk of being
sunk.
 AGRICULTURE - plants/crops will die due to
extreme
heat/dryness, floods and abnormal changes in

23. THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
SPECIFICALLY IN THE PHILIPPINES
 BIODIVERSITY - some animals are in
danger of extinction or they migrate to other
places, again, abnormal
weather (some say global warming could
produce new
evolved species).
 HUMAN HEALTH - Filipinos are used to
warm weather so they are very sensitive to
decreasing temperatures. They catch colds
easily. There's also the threat of Dengue

24. WAYS TO HELP FIGHT CLIMATE
CHANGE
 Green your commute
 Be energy efficient
 Eat wisely
 Trim your waste
 Plant trees and protest deforestation
 Fly less
 Conserved water
 Get involved
 Encourage others