This document provides an overview of ancient Greek history and culture from the Archaic Age through the Hellenistic period. It describes important military conflicts between Greek city-states and neighboring powers. Sparta is highlighted as having an oligarchic political system ruled by two kings, 28 elders, and 5 officials. The document also covers Greek religion, art, architecture, athletics, economy and daily life in the ancient city-states.

1. THIS IS SPARTA
Realizado por:
Antonio
Sofía
Carmen
Francisco Jesús
Adrián

2. RESUMEN DEL BLOG.
 Este blog esta dedicado a la historia de la
antigua Grecia, en concreto Esparta.

3. ESPAÑOL

4. ENFRENTAMIENTOS MILITARES
Durante la época clásica los griegos
protagonizaron una serie de conflictos bélicos:
Las guerras medicas 494-479 a.C los griegos se
enfrentaron a los persas a quienes llamaban
medos. Atenas organizó la Liga de Delos (una
unión entre varias polis)tuvo una poderosa flota
que venció a los persas.
Posteriormente durante las guerras de
Peloponeso
431-404 a.C Las polis se enfrentaron entre si.

5. ÉPOCA HELENÍSTICA
A partir del siglo IV a.C el reino de Macedonia comenzó la conquista de las
polis griegas.
La forma de gobierno de los macedonios era la monarquía hereditaria; En
el año 359 a.C llegó al trono Filipo II. Este monarca comenzó las expansión
territorial de Macedonia y la conquista de Grecia.
Su hijo Alejandro Magno consiguió formar el mayor imperio del mundo
antiguo: dominó al resto de los griegos, venció a los persas y llegó a la
India.
A la muerte de Alejandro sus generales repartieron el imperio. Se formaron
3 grandes reinos helenísticos, gobernados y formados por estos territorios.
 Macedonia y Grecia.
 Asia Menor, Siria, Mesopotamia y el antiguo imperio Persa.
 Egipto.
Entre los siglos II y I a.C. Roma, que acabaría formando un nuevo y
extenso imperio, sometió los dominios griegos.

6. EL ARTE
 TEMPLOS: Eran lugares dedicados los dioses. Los más
conocidos están en la Acrópolis de Atenas y son el
Partenón, el Erecteion y el templo de Atenea Niké.
 Tumbas: Podían estar muy decoradas, como el Mausoleo
de la ciudad Halicarnaso.
 Teatros: En ellos se representaban tragedias y comedias.
 Estadios: Allí se celebraban carreras atléticas y luchas.
 Hipódromos: En ellos tenían lugar carreras de caballos y
carros.
 Gimnasios: Eran lugares donde se realizaban ejercicios
físicos.
 Palestras: Eran escuelas de lucha.

7. ENGLISH

8. THE NATURAL ENVRIONMENT
Ancient Greece was formed of the Balkan Peninsulas, the Peloponese and many islands in the Eastern of
the Mediterranean as Crete, the Cyclades, Paros, Delos, Mykanos,etc.
Greece had a privileged position in Asia(Mesopotamia), Africa (Egypt) and the rest of Europe.
The close proximity of the sea and mountains had a decisive influence on it history. On the one hand, it
contributed to the isolation and independence of Greek cities, which never united in one state.
On the other, because it was easier for the Greeks to get the products they needed from other places on the
Mediterranean, they made many sea voyages.
Greek culture spread along the Mediterranean coast (Europe, Africa and Asia) and many people consider it
to be the origin of Western civilization.
LIFE IN ANCIENTS CITY STATES
In the centre of Ancient Greek cities was an acropolis (a religious space, at the highest part of the city which
was fortified shelter the people in times of danger) and the agora.
THE ECONOMY
Agriculture was very important , although there wasn´t a lot of cultivated land. Vines and olives were the
main crops. People also kept livestock (sheep, goats, pigs, donkeys) and many Greeks made crafts
(metalwork and leather work, pottery, textiles and perfume).
Farmers and artisans usually sold their products directly in the market. There was sea trade with the
colonies .The city states received a large income because they charged a tax for the goods treatments
through their forts. They used silver coins for payment.

9. RELIGION AND CULTURE
The Greeks believed in many gods.
According to Greek mythology, the gods live on Mount Olympus and, like
humans, had they virtues, defects and needs. But they were also inmortal
and had supernatural powers. The Greeks also believed in heroes.
They made offerings and animal sacrifices to the gods to show their
adoration and ensure their protection. The temple was the house of the
gods and not ameeting place for faithful.
Religious ceremonies usually took place in the home.
The Olympic Games were held every 4 years in honour of Zeus.
The Greeks believed in oracles.They believed they could predict the future
trough them.
The messages were transmitted via signs that only priets cold interpret.
The priests observed the flight of birds, animal intestines, and other
phenomena and elements for potential ,essages from the gods. The
messages expressed he will of the gods so, if you didn´t follow their advice,
you could lose their protection and bad things could happen to you.
.

10. ARCHAIC AGE:
During this age (8th-6th centuries b. C.) poleis
were governed by chiefs or kings. They lost
power to the aristocracy . It began to hold
public positions.
Population grew. there wasn´t enough farmland
to grow crops. Merchants and artisants
expanded their trade. Ancient Greeks started to
estabilish colonies around the Mediterranean.

11. SPARTA:
The politic system of Sparta was the Oligarchy: the power
was ejerced by a reducid group of persons, generally
pertenecients to the same family or social group.
Poleis of Sparta were governed by: 2 kings, 28 elders(
gerousia) and 5 officials (ephors).
The kings realized civils and religious funcions. The erousia
represented projects to the Popular Assembly (Appella,
what is was formed by the Spartans citizens).
The ephors were the representants of the Appella and they
controled the actions of the kings. Also, they controled the
laws.