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Citation
Huang, L. L., & Lin, C. C. (2014).
Three approaches to glossing
and their effects on vocabulary
learning. System, 44(1), 127-136.
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Background
It seems clear that glossing can increase the
possibility of learning correct word meaning in
context.
First glossing words and then retrieving their
meanings was not significantly more effective
than only glossing words.
(Rott,2007)
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Purpose of Study
To investigate the effect of combining
glossing with inferring or meaning
retrieval on vocabulary learning
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Research Questions
1. Do glossing preceded by inference,
glossing followed by retrieval and full
glossing interventions affect vocabulary
learning differently?
2. Does response accuracy of
inference and retrieval predict
vocabulary learning differently?
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Literature Review
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Using glosses provides support in unhelpful
contexts, but it might deprive the reader of an
opportunity of infer, thus reducing the amount of
processing.
(Watanabe, 1997)
10. When learners retrieve and encoded
meaning in their mental lexicon , this
may foster meaning retention.
(Rott, 2007)
Literature Review
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The total was 124.
Six of them didn’t finish the delayed posttest.
Participants
118 university
students
88 females
30 males
High-
intermediate
level
Rang from
75.45 to 78.51
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Target words
• Target words included eight
low-frequency nouns, 7-11 letters
long.
Target
words
• 3 online articles
• 2 articles from CNN Interactive
English Magazine
Material
20. FR: Form Recall
MR: Meaning Recall
REC: Meaning recognition
In gloss-retrieval-gloss condition, a significant
difference was only observed for the IM form recall
test.
In inference-gloss-gloss condition, it played a
significant role in delayed form recall and IM
meaning recall performance.
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Full glossing
• Generated the least vocabulary learning
Gloss- retrieval-gloss
• Had the best results of form and meaning learning
• Helped to retain the meaning learning more
effectively
Inference- gloss- gloss
• Requires learners to draw on wider
knowledge sources to derive meanings that
• Tend to be vague and error-prone
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22. 1. The findings support the advantages of correct
form-meaning establishment.
2. Not only to emphasize the meaning given method
3. Meaning assistance is crucial to the initial
form-meaning connection and retrieval
verification
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23. To learn efficiently depends on a
learner’s learning model.
The better way is to put into practice
what has been learned.
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