In the past decades the rivers of Bangladesh were the mentor natural source of carp seed production. Due to the destruction of natural habitats and also increase demand the natural available of carp seed has largely declined and the aquaculture venture and gradually replaced by the hatchery produced fry since early 80’s when artificial fish breeding technique and low cost hatchery design have been successful adapted in Bangladesh.
A SEMINAR ON INDUCING AGENTS OF HYPOPHYSATIONKartik Mondal
The precise combination of environmental factors required for maturation, ovulation and spawning.
However, quite often, under farm conditions, the requisite environmental factors are either not available or do not persist for sufficient length of time for spontaneous maturation to occur.
The pioneering discovery of B.A. Houssay (1931) and Von Ihering (1935, 1937, Argentina) that fishes can be induced to spawn by injecting pituitary homogenates has somewhat mitigated the problem.
The principal advantage of this technique, referred to in aquaculture parlance as “Hypophysation.”
A SEMINAR ON INDUCING AGENTS OF HYPOPHYSATIONKartik Mondal
The precise combination of environmental factors required for maturation, ovulation and spawning.
However, quite often, under farm conditions, the requisite environmental factors are either not available or do not persist for sufficient length of time for spontaneous maturation to occur.
The pioneering discovery of B.A. Houssay (1931) and Von Ihering (1935, 1937, Argentina) that fishes can be induced to spawn by injecting pituitary homogenates has somewhat mitigated the problem.
The principal advantage of this technique, referred to in aquaculture parlance as “Hypophysation.”
Any aquatic invertebrate animals having a cutaneous or calcareous shell surrounding there body and belonging to the phylum Mollusca, the class Crustacea (phylum Arthropoda), or phylum Echinodermata is known as shellfish. The term is often used for the edible species of the groups, especially those that are fished or raised commercially. The most commercially important shellfish are:
• Mollusk: Oysters, mussels, scallops and clams
• Crustacean: Shrimp, prawn, lobster, crab and crayfish
• Echinoderm: sea urchins and sea cucumbers
Shellfish hatchery is a place where shellfish seeds are produced in a controlled way. Hatchery management is a branch of science which deals with the activities including from collection of brood shellfish to seed production. Culturing of shellfish has occurred since ancient times. Although controlled rearing of young shell has long existed, hatchery production is a more recent advancement. Producing seed under controlled conditions in a hatchery will disconnect its production from environmental factors and provide a reliable supply of seed. Oysters, mussels and mud crabs are the most important groups of shellfish after shrimp and prawn. These are popular among the western countries and becoming more popular all over the world. So hatchery management of oyster, mussel and crab is crucial.
Introduction
Fish Health Management GOALS
Principles of fish health management
Factors affecting fish health
Common symptoms of diseases
General preventive measures
Proper Health Management through Manipulating the disease triangle
Conclusion
References
This slide is about a pearl spot fish which includes about its habit, habitat ,morphology, food and feeding, breeding behaviour, hatching, larval rearing, embryonic development, nutritive values, farming practices, seed production and pond preparation...
Virtual population analysis (VPA) is a cohort modeling technique commonly used in fisheries science for reconstructing historical fish numbers at age using information on death of individuals each year. This death is usually partitioned into catch by fisheries and natural mortality. VPA is virtual in the sense that the population size is not observed or …
Any aquatic invertebrate animals having a cutaneous or calcareous shell surrounding there body and belonging to the phylum Mollusca, the class Crustacea (phylum Arthropoda), or phylum Echinodermata is known as shellfish. The term is often used for the edible species of the groups, especially those that are fished or raised commercially. The most commercially important shellfish are:
• Mollusk: Oysters, mussels, scallops and clams
• Crustacean: Shrimp, prawn, lobster, crab and crayfish
• Echinoderm: sea urchins and sea cucumbers
Shellfish hatchery is a place where shellfish seeds are produced in a controlled way. Hatchery management is a branch of science which deals with the activities including from collection of brood shellfish to seed production. Culturing of shellfish has occurred since ancient times. Although controlled rearing of young shell has long existed, hatchery production is a more recent advancement. Producing seed under controlled conditions in a hatchery will disconnect its production from environmental factors and provide a reliable supply of seed. Oysters, mussels and mud crabs are the most important groups of shellfish after shrimp and prawn. These are popular among the western countries and becoming more popular all over the world. So hatchery management of oyster, mussel and crab is crucial.
Introduction
Fish Health Management GOALS
Principles of fish health management
Factors affecting fish health
Common symptoms of diseases
General preventive measures
Proper Health Management through Manipulating the disease triangle
Conclusion
References
This slide is about a pearl spot fish which includes about its habit, habitat ,morphology, food and feeding, breeding behaviour, hatching, larval rearing, embryonic development, nutritive values, farming practices, seed production and pond preparation...
Virtual population analysis (VPA) is a cohort modeling technique commonly used in fisheries science for reconstructing historical fish numbers at age using information on death of individuals each year. This death is usually partitioned into catch by fisheries and natural mortality. VPA is virtual in the sense that the population size is not observed or …
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.
Aquaculture Revolution in Bangladesh.pdfSadia Nabilah
Bangladesh has one of the largest and most active deltas, nourished by the Padma, Meghna, and Jamuna rivers. This increases the potential for fresh and brackish water capture and culture fisheries. Aquaculture is the fastest-growing enterprise in Bangladesh since the 1980s.
Aquaculture production is unevenly dispersed geographically with Asian countries contributing nearly 90% of global production; where, China is the largest producer in 2018, followed by India, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Bangladesh, respectively (FAO, 2020). According to FAO report The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, Bangladesh ranked 5th in world aquaculture production. The aquaculture industry has worked out towards creating new possibilities and yet has to face some future challenges due to unwise practices and knowledge gaps.
Employment opportunities in the sector are a boon as well – official statistics show that the fisheries and aquaculture sectors (directly and indirectly) support more than 18 million people. The aquaculture sector has a high potential for the perspective on the economic development of the country.
As with any livestock industry in Bangladesh, there are a number of challenges that can impact the viability of aquaculture initiatives in future. Aquaculture can be no riskier than, say, poultry farming. We have to figure out what these challenges are and how both external and internal challenges can be managed through good project design.
In aquaculture production India is the second largest country in the world after China. The terrestrial and aquatic animal farming sectors are rapidly expanding and intensifying in the country. Aquaculture, which counts for almost two thirds of fish production in India, has shown significant growth in the last two decades and has transformed itself into an industry contributing substantially to food production.
A bureau de change? What's that got to do with the price of fish? Quite a lot, actually. Well over two thirds of the world's farmed common carp is produced in China. As a result, it is believed that the strength of the Chinese yuan can have a significant effect on the market price of this fish worldwide.
Aquaculture practices in mangrove area.MD. ZANE ALAM
Existing in a very rudimentary form for decades, brackishwater aquaculture in Bangladesh had been until recently nothing more than a casual activity in some tidal flood plain areas in the southwest part of the country.
In the early seventies, Bangladesh entered the world export market for shrimp. This crustacean, which was locally cheap and not even accepted as food by many locals, suddenly became a very high priced commodity. Since then much attention has been focused on increased production of this crustacean. The public sector efforts concentrated on the exploitation of shrimp from the sea by operating trawlers. The increasing demand and steadily rising prices of shrimp also caused a silent revolution in the brackishwater aquafarming sector: what was merely a casual activity of little economic significance, emerged as a multimillion taka farming industry in a few years time. Increased by leaps and bound, the shrimp culture activities were spread over a 26,000 ha area by the beginning of the current decade.
Surprising though, all this development took place in the private sector, without any extension, demonstration or new infrastructure support from the Government of Bangladesh. It is only since 1980, the starting year of the Second Five Year Plan, that brackishwater aquafarming has officially come to prominence.
In the Third Five Year Plan (1985–90) high priority has been given to brackishwater shrimp and fish culture. In view of the urgent socio-economic needs of the country (for domestic consumption, for export and for rural employment), the favourable ecological condition for shrimp culture and the existence of large areas with high production potential, this national priority for brackishwater aquafarming development is most justified. According to the Third Five Year Plan projection, brackishwater aquaculture will extend over 80,000 ha, as against 55,812 ha in 1984/85. By the end of the plan period, the production will expectedly increase to 34,000 MT, from a 1984/85 production of 9,000 MT. Nearly 18,000 MT of exportable shrimp would possibly come from aquaculture; this quantity would be 60 percent of the shrimp quantity projected for export in the terminal year of the Third Plan.
The present shrimp farming area is reported to have already far exceeded the Third Five Year Plan target. At the beginning of 1986, shrimp culture activities spread over 115,000 ha, distributed over several coastal districts (Annex A). The production per unit area is, however, still rather low. The need for increase of the production rate by intensification of the culture methodologies is currently being emphasized. Thereabove, the farmers are facing a number of technical problems, that need systematic analysis and appropriate solution. The planned Brackishwater Fisheries Research Station (BFRS) under the Fisheries Research Institute will hopefully meet the research requirements for the brackishwater aquaculture sector of the country.
Present status of some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted on 10 hatchery owners at Chanchra under Jashore district. The study period was May to August 2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews by using personal interviews and participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools. In the study area, maximum spawn production of hatcheries was 2500 kg and minimum 800 kg. About 50% brood fishes were collected from own pond, 30% were collected from other's hatcheries and rest of 20% were collected from natural sources. The hatchery owners maintained proper age and weight of broods for spawning and followed the guideline of hatchery operation so that the quality of spawn and fry those produced by them were good in quality. It was found that the hatcheries produced fish seed of a variety of species like Indian major carps, carpio, sarpunti, silver carp, grass carp, magur, shing etc. The hatchery production activities took place starting February and continued up to September. The quantity of fish seed produce varied from 25 to 75 kg per hatchling cycle depending on size and facilities of hatcheries. The price of fry in Jashore was being fixed by the hatchery owners. However, the price variation was seen due to seasonal variation, species and demand. The average price of fish seed was maximum in monsoon and minimum in winter. In general skilled technicians were involved in hatchery operation. Some hatchery owners were well experienced and operated their own hatcheries. The hatcheries in Jashore district were viable. The hatchery owners had improved their social status though hatchery income.
Evolution of fisheries sector in BangladeshMD. ZANE ALAM
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of 147 570 km2 with a population of 160
million people. It is fortunate in having an extensive water resource in the form of ponds,
natural depressions (haors and beels ), lakes, canals, rivers and estuaries covering an area
of 47,03,658 ha .
The present per capita annual fish consumption in Bangladesh stands at about 14 kg/year
against a recommended minimum requirement of 18 kg/year; hence, there is still need to
improve fish consumption in the country.
Fisheries in Bangladesh are diverse, there are about 795 native species of fish and shrimp
in the fresh and marine waters of Bangladesh and 12 exotic species that have been
introduced. In addition, there are 10 species of pearl bearing bivalves, 12 species of
edible tortoise and turtle, 15 species of crab and 3 species of lobster.
Bangladesh fishery industry has essential contribution the agricultural GDP and total export value,and its modern fish processing industry needs new fish processing equipment and technologies.
Preparation of enterprise budget for integrated fish farmingbhanilsaa
Preparation of enterprises budget for integrated fish farming it will help in calculation of budget as well as general information of integrated farming and and types of integrated farming
INDIGENOUS FISH FEED MANUFACTURING PLANTjaisingh277
ANALYSIS OF NEEDS FOR FEED MANUFACTURING
General
Aqua – based food demand is increasing @ 0.6 % per
annum
Fish eating population in India is about 56 %
Per capita / annum consumption of fish in India is 3.5 Kg
against 86 Kg in Japan
Inland fishery in India has increased 14- fold
Feed cost is 50 – 70 % of the production cost
Shrimp /Prawn feed is imported at high cost .
Physical form and chemical composition of feed varies
with species, growth stage and production environment
Proximate composition of fish feed ingredients available in Shibpur Upazila, ...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to determine the proximate composition of fish feed ingredients locally available in Narsingdi Region. In this study protein, lipid, moisture, ash, carbohydrate concentrations was assessed in rice bran, maize bran, wheat bran, mustard oil cake, soybean meal, DORB, meat and bone meal, mixed of oyster, shrimp shell and crab shell. Proximate composition was determined on the homogenous basis. The quantity of protein in different fish feed ingredients ranged from (12.04±1.30-47.23±0.61)%. Maximum amount of protein content (47.23±0.61)% was recorded from the meat and bone meal and minimum amount (12.04±1.30)% was recorded from the maize bran. The concentration of lipid in different feed stuffs ranged from (2.5±0.37-18.5±1.1)%. The highest value (18.5±1.1)% of lipid content was found in soybean meal and the minimum (2.5±0.37)% was recorded in Crab shell. Moreover, the value of moisture and ash were recorded (5.00±0.88-13.28±1.46)% and (7.43±0.12-22.55±1.32)% in the locally found feed respectively. The highest value of moisture (13.28±1.46)% was recorded from crab shell and the lowest value of moisture (5.00±0.88)% was recorded from meat and bone meal. The highest amount of ash (22.55±1.32)% was also found in meat and bone meal and the lowest amount of ash (7.43±0.12)% was found in maize bran. And finally last the concentration of carbohydrate in different feed stuffs ranged from (15.67±0.5-66.77±1.13)%. Maximum amount of carbohydrate content (66.77±1.13)% was recorded from the maize bran and minimum amount of carbohydrate content (15.67±0.5)% was recorded from the soybean meal.
Similar to Present status of Fish Hatchery in Bangladesh (20)
Bottom clean Aquaculture system and It’s Engineering PrincipleDegonto Islam
Bottom clean Aquaculture method is considered an updated version of bio-floc.
The most important tasks here are scientifically removing the waste from the bottom of the reservoir and the rotation of oxygen and food supply to the fishes
In this type of culture system, as the amount of oxygen is higher, it is able to culture fishes 10- 20 times more.
fish population dynamics, Population structureDegonto Islam
Estimation of fish population dynamics are often based on age structures. Understanding past
population structure is of interest to evolutionary biologists because it can reveal when migration
regimes changed in natural populations, thereby pointing to potential environmental factors such as
climate changes as driving evolutionary forces. Characterizing the structure of extent populations is also
key to conservation genetics as translocation or reintroduction decisions must preserve evolutionary
stable units. Finally, population structure has important biomedical consequences either when a number
of subpopulation groups is locally adapted to particular environmental conditions (and maladapted
when exposed to new environments) or represents a confounding factor in the study of the statistical
association between genetic variants and phenotyp
Separation Surplus yield model (MSY, Fmsy, MEY, Fmsy)Degonto Islam
Economic variables are often included in the biological model that suggests the relationship between sustainable revenue, fishing cost and fishing effort.
For more than 50 years, it has been generally accepted that the fishing sector stood to gain from managing fisheries at the effort level producing maximum economic yield rather than maximum sustainable yield, which occurs at a higher effort level.
Surplus production models are also called as Holistic models. This model deals with total stock biomass along with fishing effort and yield. To operate this model, catch and effort data are needed as input data. These models could be computed with less input data unlike analytic models. This model does not take into account age and growth. Hence, it could be safely applied to tropical stocks, where calculation of age of tropical fish is more cumbersome.
Programme planning and evaluation in extension workDegonto Islam
Programme is the total educational job being done in particular settings that forms the basis for extension plan. Programme planning is decision making process which actually analysis the existing condition and matter and evaluation the alternative approach to solve the crux with priorities of the human feeling and needs. Generally initial objectives are peoples participations at grass roots level.
Fishing Gear any form of equipment, implement, tool or mechanical device used to catch, collect or harvest fish. Fishermen in many parts of Bangladesh catch fish with their hands. In rural areas, in seasonal waters or beels, during winter, people can be usually seen fishing with different traditional gears while some even do so without any gear
Guidelines for the control of Aquaculture medicinal products(AMPs)Degonto Islam
Aquaculture drugs and chemicals plays a pivotal role not only in fish health management but also pond construction, soil and water management, enhancement of natural aquatic productivity, feed formulation, manipulation of reproduction, growth promotion and processing. Government of Bangladesh organized an awareness program on control of AMP to create awareness among different stakeholders. Functioning of a control system for AMP is a prerequisite for quality assurance safe fishery products
This world have numerous kinds and diversity .This kinds and diversity remain in whole world two two third is aquatic ,fresh water and marine water .This kinds and diversites knowledge and their total knowledge file management is very importance for fisheries science.
This freshwater and marine water has a huge number of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and plants. Thair identify and use is vary importance for fisheries and aquaculture .for that their proper file management is play a useful role in fisheries and aquaculture.
If we went to know the total plant and animals this is not possible to proper file management.
Culturable species and there predator knowledge and file management is vary importance for aquaculture .culturable species habitats and their food habit is very importance for successful aquaculture and also importance in breeding season and behavior and high growth rate fish data .There proper management and for fisheries student study documents is very important. So file management is very importance in fisheries science.
Modern developments in transport technology are from two levels; one is from an understanding of internal physiological mechanisms of the fish and the optimal requirements, ensuring maximum survival of fish under transport and the other is from a study of the environmental parameters of the medium in which fish are transported. Under anaesthesia fish can be transported without water even, provided the skin and gills are kept moist under low temperature. The cryopreservation of fish sperm for use at any convenient time can be referred to here, though this would concern seed production more directly than live seed transport.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
1. ‘‘Present status of Fish Hatchery in Bangladesh’’
In the past decades the rivers of Bangladesh were the mentor natural source of carp seed production. Due to the
destruction of natural habitats and also increase demand the natural available of carp seed has largely declined and
the aquaculture venture and gradually replaced by the hatchery produced fry since early 80’s when artificial fish
breeding technique and low cost hatchery design have been successful adapted in Bangladesh.
In the year of 2014, the total carp fry production in Bangladesh was 3,52,010 kg of which 9,207 kg and 3,42,803
kg from 92 public hatcheries and 790 private hatcheries respectively. In the resent analysis shows that in 2018, the
total annual carp production was 6,87,427 kg by which, the annual carp hatchling production was 12,059kg from
government hatcheries and 6,66,088kg of carp hatchlings from 818 private hatcheries which is the 996.66% of the
total carp hatchling production in Bangladesh and where government hatcheries contribution was just 2.00%.
At present there are 824 private nurseries 102 government fish hatcheries and 124 government fish seed
multiplication farms in the country. A total of 6,86,754 kg spawn was produced from private and government
hatcheries in the year 2018. Collection of fish seed from natural ground has a
total of 9,274kg. The total fingerling production in 2018 was 236.2 lac.
In 2017-18 there were about 49 Penaeus monodon hatchery of and 46
Macrobracium rosenbergii hatcheries of which 27 hatcheries were government
hatcheries about 141204 lac bagda post larva (Pl) were produced in these
hatcheries. Almost all bagda hatcheries are located in cox’s Bazar region.
Table 1. Annual PL (Post Larva) Production, 2018
Source of
Production
Galda Hatchery Bagda Hatchery Total
No. of
Hatchery
PL
Production
(Core)
No. of
Hatchery
PL Production
(Core)
No. of
Hatchery
PL Production
(Core)
Govt. Hatchery 27 .045 0 00.00 27 0.45
Private Hatchery 19 4.76 49 1412.04 68 1416.60
T O T A L 46 5021 49 1412.04 95 1417.25
Such in coastal areas, hatcheries here have high mortality rates due the quality of the water being pumped from
underground reserves. Oxygen concentration in this water, which is used in brood and nursery ponds and
incubation jars, is very low, while the levels of dissolved carbon dioxide are high. This is an unfavorable
combination that leads to very low survival rates of hatchlings, even from the best quality eggs and resultant
economic losses. The project supported installation of aeration towers to provide additional oxygen to the water
Supported by worldfish–water flows through four to six layers of perforated galvanized sheets before passing to
incubation jars and nursing tanks. This simple process increases the oxygen level from 3 to 8 mg per liter. The
Figure 1: Fish hacheries
2. increase in oxygen levels boosts hatching rates to 95 percent. These towers are made of locally available materials
and cost $USD300 a piece, which is easily affordable by the hatchery owners.
Reference
মৎস্য অধিদপ্তর, (17 Feb 2020), “পটভূধম About Department of Fisheries”, fisheries, Retrieved from,
http://www.fisheries.gov.bd/site/page/43ce3767-3981-4248-99bd-
d321b6e3a7e5/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF
#:~:text=At%20present%20there%20are%20824,multiplication%20farms%20in%20the%20countr.
W.F.( 6 June 2013), “Technology improves fish hatchery production in Bangladesh”, world fish, retrieved from,
https://www.worldfishcenter.org/content/technology-improves-fish-hatchery-production-bangladesh
DoF. 2018. Yearbook of Fisheries Statistics of Bangladesh, 2017-18. Fisheries Resources Survey System (FRSS),
Department of Fisheries. Bangladesh: Ministry of Fisheries, 2018. Volume 35 : p. 129.
Nafisa, K., Mostt, T, I.,*, Nishat, S,. Sonya, M,. Md, Azizul, H,.(2, August 2017) “PRESENT STATUS OF CARP
HATCHERY AND BREEDING” OPERATIONS IN BANGLADESH: A REVIEW Department of Fisheries Biology
and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, Vol. 4,
No.: 123-129