The present study was conducted on 10 hatchery owners at Chanchra under Jashore district. The study period was May to August 2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews by using personal interviews and participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools. In the study area, maximum spawn production of hatcheries was 2500 kg and minimum 800 kg. About 50% brood fishes were collected from own pond, 30% were collected from other's hatcheries and rest of 20% were collected from natural sources. The hatchery owners maintained proper age and weight of broods for spawning and followed the guideline of hatchery operation so that the quality of spawn and fry those produced by them were good in quality. It was found that the hatcheries produced fish seed of a variety of species like Indian major carps, carpio, sarpunti, silver carp, grass carp, magur, shing etc. The hatchery production activities took place starting February and continued up to September. The quantity of fish seed produce varied from 25 to 75 kg per hatchling cycle depending on size and facilities of hatcheries. The price of fry in Jashore was being fixed by the hatchery owners. However, the price variation was seen due to seasonal variation, species and demand. The average price of fish seed was maximum in monsoon and minimum in winter. In general skilled technicians were involved in hatchery operation. Some hatchery owners were well experienced and operated their own hatcheries. The hatcheries in Jashore district were viable. The hatchery owners had improved their social status though hatchery income.
Fry production and its marketing system of North-West fisheries extension pro...AbdullaAlAsif1
In order to understand the present status of hatcheries, questionnaire interview and participatory rural appraisal tools were used in North-west Fisheries Extension Project (NFEP), Parbatipur during the period from July to December 2015. There are two hatcheries in NFEP, Parbatipur- a carp hatchery and a prawn hatchery. The production of spawn was around 611 kg in the year 2015. According to the target hatchery manager collected brood fish from rivers and other sources which he maintained in their brood stock ponds with proper management. The hatchery manager maintained proper age and weight of broods for spawning and followed the guideline of hatchery operation so that the quality of spawn and fry were good. It was found that the hatcheries produced fish seed of a variety of species such as Indian major carps, carpio, sarpunti, silver carp, grass carp, magur, shing as well as freshwater prawn. The hatchery production activities took place starting from February and continued up to September. The quantity of fish seed produce varied from 25 to 75 kg per hatching cycle depending on size and facilities of hatcheries. The price of fry in NFEP was being fixed by the hatchery manager. However, the price variation was seen due to seasonal variation, species and demand. The average price of fish seed was highest in monsoon and lowest in winter. A number of middlemen were involved in the fry marketing channel of NFEP at Parbatipur. They were responsible for increasing the price of fry at each stage of marketing channel.
Technology of artificial breeding of catfish species in the hatcheries in Jes...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was carried out to know the artificial breeding of Ompk pabda, Heteropneustes fossilis and Pangasius hypophthalmus using pituitary gland (PG) from June to August 2014, in the hatcheries in Jessore region. Brood stock of Pangus, Shing, and Pabda was developed in the hatchery. A total of 10 hatcheries were included in the study. Brood fishes were reared in the brood rearing pond by providing artificial diet for good health and full maturation. Brood fishes were injected with PG in different months June to August. Both male and female were injected with PG. In Pabda, Shing and Pangus first PG dose was applied at 8-10, 30-35 and 1-2 mg PG/kg of body weight of females respectively. After 1 st PG dose of Pabda, Shing, and Pangus (6 hours later) female were treated with 2nd doses at 10-12, 60, 8-10 mg PG/kg of body weight, respectively. At the time of second dose of female, the males were also treated with single PG dose. The males of Pabda, Shing and Pangus were treated with 8-10, 30-35 and 1-2 mg PG/kg body weight respectively. It was observed that the female and male brood fishes eject eggs and milt within 12-14 hours respectively. Ovulation occurred in Pabda, Shing, and Pangus naturally after, 6-7 hours. The fertilized eggs of Pabda, Shing and Pangus were hatched within 22-24 hours. The temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and transparency ranged from 22-34 0 C, 6-8.5, 5-7.5 ppm and 22-32 cm of the water of brood rearing ponds respectively. The average spawn production and body weight of female Pabda, Shing and Pangus were 11500/kg and 120/gm, 21000/kg and 130/gm, 44500/kg and 3.5/kg, respectively. The average fertilization, hatching and survival rate of Pangus (80%, 73% and 64%), Shing (73%, 68% and 58%) and Pabda (78%, 65% and 60%) respectively. The male and female ratio was maintained as 1:2 for each fishes.
Fish Seed Production and Rearing Center in Bodla, Chhattisgarh breeds Indian major carps (IMCs) such as catla, rohu, and mrigal. Healthy brooders are collected from nearby water bodies and held in an ante tank. Males and females are selected based on physical characteristics and injected intrapritoneally with the synthetic hormone ovatide to induce breeding. The dosed brooders are transferred to a breeding tank, with females outside and males within a enclosure. After 6-7 hours, spawning occurs and eggs are collected for incubation. The hatchery conducts all life stages of IMCs from breeding to nursery and rearing.
Status of polyculture Pangasius hypophthalmus with carps in Jhikargacha Upazi...AbdullaAlAsif1
This document summarizes a study on the status of polyculture of Pangasius hypophthalmus (Thai pangus) with carps in Jhikargacha Upazila, Jessore District, Bangladesh from July to December 2012. The study found that farmers stocked an average of 7,377 individuals per hectare, comprising 93.1% P. hypophthalmus seeds and 6.9% other carp species. Average fish production was 6,672.84 kg/ha. Farmers applied fertilizers, lime, and supplementary feeds daily. They sold all fish to markets in Chuadanga, Dhaka, and Jessore districts. On average, polyculture of
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.
Final report durin In-Plant at different area (Kerala, College of Fisheries, ...Tameshwar Fekar
The document provides an overview of fisheries in India, the world, and Chhattisgarh. It discusses that India has experienced significant growth in fish production over the past 60 years. It also notes that Chhattisgarh has vast water resources and relies on fisheries for income and employment. The document describes activities at a cage culture unit in Sarodha Reservoir, including monitoring cages, cleaning, and fish feeding. It outlines an in-plant training program on post-harvest technology that involved processing tuna fish, making fish wafers, and fish canning.
Evolution of fisheries sector in BangladeshMD. ZANE ALAM
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of 147 570 km2 with a population of 160
million people. It is fortunate in having an extensive water resource in the form of ponds,
natural depressions (haors and beels ), lakes, canals, rivers and estuaries covering an area
of 47,03,658 ha .
The present per capita annual fish consumption in Bangladesh stands at about 14 kg/year
against a recommended minimum requirement of 18 kg/year; hence, there is still need to
improve fish consumption in the country.
Fisheries in Bangladesh are diverse, there are about 795 native species of fish and shrimp
in the fresh and marine waters of Bangladesh and 12 exotic species that have been
introduced. In addition, there are 10 species of pearl bearing bivalves, 12 species of
edible tortoise and turtle, 15 species of crab and 3 species of lobster.
Impact of stocking common carp (Cyprinus carpio) on production in some select...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted in three seasonal beels in Gacha union under Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district during the period from June 2015 to January 2016. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of stocking common carp on the abundance and biodiversity of native fish species in seasonal beels. Three seasonal beels such as Baroholai, Makhna and Buridha which were connected with Turag River through different canals were selected to implement the study. Baroholai and Makhna beel were stocked with common carp fingerlings at 2500 per hectare. Buridha beel served as control. Necessary data were collected from the fishermen and lease holders of the concern beel through using structured questionnaire by survey method. A total of 42-43 species of fishes were recorded from stocked beel as against of 43 species in control beel. Shanon-Weiner diversity index averaged 2.58 in stocked beel as opposed to 2.68 for control beel. The studied beel had medium richness in terms of biodiversity and faunal abundances. Per hectare fish production was 522-577kg in stocked beels as compared to 365kg in control beel. Cyprinidae was the most abundant group contributing to the bulk of fishery yield. Surface feeder took a lead over other groups of fishes in stocked beel as opposed to bottom feeder in case of control beel. Bottom dwelling small catfishes seems to be affected in presence of common carp in the stocked beels. Control beel harboured increased number and quantity of catfishes. Fish productions in the seasonal beels were profitable. Per hectare total cost of fish production averaged tk 34976.67 as against of total gross return of tk 92683.67. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was found to be 2.57-3.42 in stocked beel and 2.01 in control beel. Further researches are needed to precisely determine the possible consequences of stocking common carp in seasonal beels.
Fry production and its marketing system of North-West fisheries extension pro...AbdullaAlAsif1
In order to understand the present status of hatcheries, questionnaire interview and participatory rural appraisal tools were used in North-west Fisheries Extension Project (NFEP), Parbatipur during the period from July to December 2015. There are two hatcheries in NFEP, Parbatipur- a carp hatchery and a prawn hatchery. The production of spawn was around 611 kg in the year 2015. According to the target hatchery manager collected brood fish from rivers and other sources which he maintained in their brood stock ponds with proper management. The hatchery manager maintained proper age and weight of broods for spawning and followed the guideline of hatchery operation so that the quality of spawn and fry were good. It was found that the hatcheries produced fish seed of a variety of species such as Indian major carps, carpio, sarpunti, silver carp, grass carp, magur, shing as well as freshwater prawn. The hatchery production activities took place starting from February and continued up to September. The quantity of fish seed produce varied from 25 to 75 kg per hatching cycle depending on size and facilities of hatcheries. The price of fry in NFEP was being fixed by the hatchery manager. However, the price variation was seen due to seasonal variation, species and demand. The average price of fish seed was highest in monsoon and lowest in winter. A number of middlemen were involved in the fry marketing channel of NFEP at Parbatipur. They were responsible for increasing the price of fry at each stage of marketing channel.
Technology of artificial breeding of catfish species in the hatcheries in Jes...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was carried out to know the artificial breeding of Ompk pabda, Heteropneustes fossilis and Pangasius hypophthalmus using pituitary gland (PG) from June to August 2014, in the hatcheries in Jessore region. Brood stock of Pangus, Shing, and Pabda was developed in the hatchery. A total of 10 hatcheries were included in the study. Brood fishes were reared in the brood rearing pond by providing artificial diet for good health and full maturation. Brood fishes were injected with PG in different months June to August. Both male and female were injected with PG. In Pabda, Shing and Pangus first PG dose was applied at 8-10, 30-35 and 1-2 mg PG/kg of body weight of females respectively. After 1 st PG dose of Pabda, Shing, and Pangus (6 hours later) female were treated with 2nd doses at 10-12, 60, 8-10 mg PG/kg of body weight, respectively. At the time of second dose of female, the males were also treated with single PG dose. The males of Pabda, Shing and Pangus were treated with 8-10, 30-35 and 1-2 mg PG/kg body weight respectively. It was observed that the female and male brood fishes eject eggs and milt within 12-14 hours respectively. Ovulation occurred in Pabda, Shing, and Pangus naturally after, 6-7 hours. The fertilized eggs of Pabda, Shing and Pangus were hatched within 22-24 hours. The temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and transparency ranged from 22-34 0 C, 6-8.5, 5-7.5 ppm and 22-32 cm of the water of brood rearing ponds respectively. The average spawn production and body weight of female Pabda, Shing and Pangus were 11500/kg and 120/gm, 21000/kg and 130/gm, 44500/kg and 3.5/kg, respectively. The average fertilization, hatching and survival rate of Pangus (80%, 73% and 64%), Shing (73%, 68% and 58%) and Pabda (78%, 65% and 60%) respectively. The male and female ratio was maintained as 1:2 for each fishes.
Fish Seed Production and Rearing Center in Bodla, Chhattisgarh breeds Indian major carps (IMCs) such as catla, rohu, and mrigal. Healthy brooders are collected from nearby water bodies and held in an ante tank. Males and females are selected based on physical characteristics and injected intrapritoneally with the synthetic hormone ovatide to induce breeding. The dosed brooders are transferred to a breeding tank, with females outside and males within a enclosure. After 6-7 hours, spawning occurs and eggs are collected for incubation. The hatchery conducts all life stages of IMCs from breeding to nursery and rearing.
Status of polyculture Pangasius hypophthalmus with carps in Jhikargacha Upazi...AbdullaAlAsif1
This document summarizes a study on the status of polyculture of Pangasius hypophthalmus (Thai pangus) with carps in Jhikargacha Upazila, Jessore District, Bangladesh from July to December 2012. The study found that farmers stocked an average of 7,377 individuals per hectare, comprising 93.1% P. hypophthalmus seeds and 6.9% other carp species. Average fish production was 6,672.84 kg/ha. Farmers applied fertilizers, lime, and supplementary feeds daily. They sold all fish to markets in Chuadanga, Dhaka, and Jessore districts. On average, polyculture of
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.
Final report durin In-Plant at different area (Kerala, College of Fisheries, ...Tameshwar Fekar
The document provides an overview of fisheries in India, the world, and Chhattisgarh. It discusses that India has experienced significant growth in fish production over the past 60 years. It also notes that Chhattisgarh has vast water resources and relies on fisheries for income and employment. The document describes activities at a cage culture unit in Sarodha Reservoir, including monitoring cages, cleaning, and fish feeding. It outlines an in-plant training program on post-harvest technology that involved processing tuna fish, making fish wafers, and fish canning.
Evolution of fisheries sector in BangladeshMD. ZANE ALAM
Bangladesh is a densely populated country of 147 570 km2 with a population of 160
million people. It is fortunate in having an extensive water resource in the form of ponds,
natural depressions (haors and beels ), lakes, canals, rivers and estuaries covering an area
of 47,03,658 ha .
The present per capita annual fish consumption in Bangladesh stands at about 14 kg/year
against a recommended minimum requirement of 18 kg/year; hence, there is still need to
improve fish consumption in the country.
Fisheries in Bangladesh are diverse, there are about 795 native species of fish and shrimp
in the fresh and marine waters of Bangladesh and 12 exotic species that have been
introduced. In addition, there are 10 species of pearl bearing bivalves, 12 species of
edible tortoise and turtle, 15 species of crab and 3 species of lobster.
Impact of stocking common carp (Cyprinus carpio) on production in some select...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted in three seasonal beels in Gacha union under Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district during the period from June 2015 to January 2016. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of stocking common carp on the abundance and biodiversity of native fish species in seasonal beels. Three seasonal beels such as Baroholai, Makhna and Buridha which were connected with Turag River through different canals were selected to implement the study. Baroholai and Makhna beel were stocked with common carp fingerlings at 2500 per hectare. Buridha beel served as control. Necessary data were collected from the fishermen and lease holders of the concern beel through using structured questionnaire by survey method. A total of 42-43 species of fishes were recorded from stocked beel as against of 43 species in control beel. Shanon-Weiner diversity index averaged 2.58 in stocked beel as opposed to 2.68 for control beel. The studied beel had medium richness in terms of biodiversity and faunal abundances. Per hectare fish production was 522-577kg in stocked beels as compared to 365kg in control beel. Cyprinidae was the most abundant group contributing to the bulk of fishery yield. Surface feeder took a lead over other groups of fishes in stocked beel as opposed to bottom feeder in case of control beel. Bottom dwelling small catfishes seems to be affected in presence of common carp in the stocked beels. Control beel harboured increased number and quantity of catfishes. Fish productions in the seasonal beels were profitable. Per hectare total cost of fish production averaged tk 34976.67 as against of total gross return of tk 92683.67. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was found to be 2.57-3.42 in stocked beel and 2.01 in control beel. Further researches are needed to precisely determine the possible consequences of stocking common carp in seasonal beels.
Marketing channels of mud crab (Scylla serrata) at Nijhum Dwip, Noakhali, Ban...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to assess the marketing and value chain of crab from Nijhum Dwip Island in Noakhali region during July 2015 to December 2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interview and tools of participatory rural appraisal such as focus group discussion. The Meghna estuary, tidal rivers and mangroves were the main sources of crab. Local people including the fishermen can collect the crabs and crab lets. The grading system varied depending on sex and size of the crab. The highest average price was found to be 200 BDT/kg for FF1 grade of female while the minimum price was found to be 500 BDT/kg for XXL grade of male. Crabs were mainly available in April, May, June, July, August, September, and October. It was found that 70% crab catchers were from the age group of 12-28 years, which were the main working force in the society. In the study area, 60% of the crab marketers had monthly income of BDT 9,000-20,000, the farmers living conditions were not up to the mark but the survey suggests that most of the crab marketers and exporters increased their income level. If crab fattening can be established, training can be provided, institutional and policy support can be offered to the farmers and good marketing facilities can be developed, crab can be an alternative source of income and sustainable livelihood for the coastal poor people.
Fish fermentation in Lalpur, Brahmanbaria district: ecological implication an...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to evaluate the present status of the production of traditional fermented fish product-shidal (Chapa shutki or shidol) in Lalpur, Ashuganj Union, Brahmanbaria district and its ecological implication and value chain during June to November, 2016. Shidal is produced by natural fermentation process of fresh water punti and marine phaisha and poa fish during winter (October to January). It was found that the Shidal production from freshwater fish in Lalpur has been shrinking gradually due to a decline in fish production from the Meghna River Basin and low supply of raw fishes from others areas. The fishers noted the local extinction of large numbers of once common fish with a gradually low supply of punti and a declining average size among the fishes that are still captured. It was found that not only the total volume of catch decreased but there have been a marked decline in catch per unit effort (CPUF) over the last ten years. During the fermentation season, every day 2-4 ton of raw punti are sold in Lalpur Fish Landing Center and the price of punti varies with grade, season and quality. On an average 4 kg of fresh punti produces 1.2 kg of dry punti and 1.2 kg of dry punti produces 1.44 kg of shidal. It was observed that there were two types of punti used for making shidal in Lalpur-with scales and without scales. The prices of shidal were Tk 800/kg, Tk 500/kg, and Tk 500/kg produced from punti, poa and phaisha, respectively. There are nearly 250 dangaries (fish processing place) for Shidal production and each of the danagaries produce 100-150 motkas (each motka contains 36-40 kg of shidal) of shidal in a season. One motka is sold in Tk. 20,000-24,000 when there is no salt used but Tk. 16,000 per motka when salt is used. It was found that around 2000 people were employed in Shidal production and another 200 people worked in filling in the motka in Lalpur. No chemical are used to make Shidal but some salt is applied during Shidal processing. It was observed that there was no fixed marketing channel for Shidalshutki. Seventy percent (70%) of the Shidal are produced for the domestic market. Shidal produced from small sized punti are exported to India but Shidal produced from marine fishes has never been exported. Although people prefer Shidal made from punti, but due to its gradual disappearance from the natural water bodies, they are forced to consume Shidal prepared from marine poa or phaisa.
Availability and potentiality of small indigenous species of fish throughout ...AbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted with aiming to know the present status of small indigenous fish species (SIS) in Oxbow Lakes/baors and rivers as well as the availability of SIS of fish and their potentiality in the study area. Regular data were collected from some important fish landing center cum markets, Oxbow Lakes and rivers of the study area. The availability of small indigenous species (SIS) of fish declined to a great extent over the years and many of them are rare or endangered due to death of rivers and baors were brought under aquaculture. Besides these, Many of SIS of fish were being increasingly used as trash fish for fish feed purpose. As an over populated country, demand of SIS of fish is increasing day by day. After 1990s almost all Oxbow Lakes have been gradually trying to bring under aquaculture through local community or Department of Fisheries. The most significant message of this study is that, some vulnerable and endangered SIS of fish are locally abundant both in fish landing center, baors and rivers. So they must be conserved for their bioavailability and nutrition throughout the country that would be most intelligent efforts in favor of global ichthyo-biodiversity conservation.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research...iosrphr_editor
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call for research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, call for paper 2012, journal of pharmacy, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, research and review articles, Pharmacy journal, International Journal of Pharmacy, hard copy of journal, hard copy of certificates, online Submission, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, international journal, publishing a paper
The induced breeding of common carps (Cyprinus carpio) in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to know the induced breeding technique of common carp verities. Scale carp (C. carpio var. communis), mirror carp (C. carpio var. specularis) and leather carp (C. carpio var. nudus) are chosen for the experiment at Ma-Fatema Fish Hatchery in Jessore from January to March, 2016. For induced breeding practice of common carps generally 1st dose of PG hormone only injected to the female brood fishes only. After 6 hours of the 1st dose, female brood fishes were injected with the 2nd dose of hormone at 4 mg PG/kg body weight and male brood fishes were injected at 2 mg PG /kg body weight for scale carp and mirror carp; 4 mg PG/kg body weight for leather carp. After 6-7 hours of injection of 2nd dose brood fishes became ready to spawn. The fertilized eggs were hatched after 42-48 hours. The mean ovulation rates were 90.01±2.55, 85.75±4.3 and 78.98±5.85 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. The mean fertilization rates were 83.06±3.04, 81.54±3.61 and 79.88±5.35 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. The mean hatching rates were 77.6±3.93, 76.16±2.91 and 74.59±4.65 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. The mean survival rates were 73.44±4.94, 71.92±1.94 and 69.58±3.79 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. This is first research work on comparative study of common carps induced breeding in Bangladesh.
5. adaptive research trials under csisa bd progress and future plan - benoyAASBD
This document summarizes several adaptive research trials being conducted under the CSISA-BD project. It discusses (1) participatory trials on integrated homestead aquaculture and vegetable production in several districts, (2) cage trials for fish production with local women, (3) efforts to improve quality fish seed production including developing technical plans for hatcheries and distributing improved broodstock, (4) establishing tilapia breeding nuclei, and (5) plans for a participatory action research on improving benefits from homestead ponds. The projects aim to develop science-based aquaculture practices and improve livelihoods through local participation and adoption of integrated farming models.
Socio-economic status of fish retailers in Jashore sadar, BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to determine the fish retailer's livelihood and socioeconomic status in three markets of Jashore for a period of six months from February to August, 2016. The average net profit of fish retailers was found higher in Boro bazaar (Tk.350) followed by Palbari bazaar (Tk.325), Chuadanga Bus Stand bazaar (TK.275). The average age groups of 20-65 years were found among the markets. The study shows that 53% fish retailers had nuclear family and 47% had joint family. Most of the housing conditions were kacha (69%) and Muslim fish retailers were predominant in all markets. Among the total 45 traders interviewed, 42% were illiterate, 31% have primary level education, 24% have secondary level education and none of them had bachelor level of education. It was found that fish retailers of Boro bazaar and Palbari bazaar sold an average of 35 kg fish daily, compared with Chuadanga Bus Stand bazaar 15 kg per day. The daily supply of fish in Boro bazaar can be estimated at 1.6 MT (25 retailers' × 65 kg) while 0.3 MT (15 retailers × 20 kg) and 0.45 MT (15 retailers × 30 kg) in C.B Bazar and Palbari bazaar respectively. Improvement in basic infrastructure such as, clean water supply, sanitation facilities, adequate drainage and ice facilities are recommended by the present study.
Bio-economic analysis of ESBN fishery of Kumira, the coastal area of Chittago...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present investigation was conducted from May to December 2005 at Kumira, the representative area of Chittagong coast for bio-socioeconomic analysis of ESBN fishery. In catch composition of Kumira, it was observed that finfish occupied 77.03 %, shrimp 19.82 % and crab 3.15 % and the average catch per boat per day were found 16.6 kg in Kumira. The highest total catch per boat per day (50 kg) was found in October at Kumira. The lowest catch was found (2 kg) in August at Kumira. The average total catch per landing center per month was found 14805 kg at Kumira. The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg at Kumira and the average cost per boat per month was about 7,813 Tk in the study area. Average sale per month was found over 18,713 Tk in Kumira. During the month July and August most of the fishermen were engaged in Hilsa fishing with the Hilsa gill net resulting the total catch was with ESBN lowest in those months.
Aquaculture Revolution in Bangladesh.pdfSadia Nabilah
Bangladesh has one of the largest and most active deltas, nourished by the Padma, Meghna, and Jamuna rivers. This increases the potential for fresh and brackish water capture and culture fisheries. Aquaculture is the fastest-growing enterprise in Bangladesh since the 1980s.
Aquaculture production is unevenly dispersed geographically with Asian countries contributing nearly 90% of global production; where, China is the largest producer in 2018, followed by India, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Bangladesh, respectively (FAO, 2020). According to FAO report The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, Bangladesh ranked 5th in world aquaculture production. The aquaculture industry has worked out towards creating new possibilities and yet has to face some future challenges due to unwise practices and knowledge gaps.
Employment opportunities in the sector are a boon as well – official statistics show that the fisheries and aquaculture sectors (directly and indirectly) support more than 18 million people. The aquaculture sector has a high potential for the perspective on the economic development of the country.
As with any livestock industry in Bangladesh, there are a number of challenges that can impact the viability of aquaculture initiatives in future. Aquaculture can be no riskier than, say, poultry farming. We have to figure out what these challenges are and how both external and internal challenges can be managed through good project design.
Prawn farming plays an important role in the economy of India. Despite of several problems, the practice of prawn farming has offered opportunity to increase incomes for farmers and associated groups. The future for prawn farming is bright but requires dynamism to exploit fully. The realization of its potential must be aided by improvements in production technology and hatchery operation. In addition, research in areas such as seed and feed production may need to be given particular attention, considering existing technology, the transfer, adaption and development of new technology.
A bureau de change? What's that got to do with the price of fish? Quite a lot, actually. Well over two thirds of the world's farmed common carp is produced in China. As a result, it is believed that the strength of the Chinese yuan can have a significant effect on the market price of this fish worldwide.
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI).pdfPinkiPaul2
The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) was established in 1947 by the Government of India. CMFRI conducts research on marine fisheries including estimating landings and effort, taxonomy of marine organisms, and stock assessments. It has headquarters in Kochi and regional centers along India's coastline. CMFRI's objectives include characterizing marine fisheries resources, describing productive fishery habitats, and evaluating declines in predatory species. The institute has made contributions to marine fisheries development including farm technologies for shrimp and shellfish. CMFRI also investigates the impacts of climate change and publishes the latest findings from its ongoing research.
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIOR...apaari
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIORATION COUNTRY STATUS REPORT – INDIA BY Kuldeep K. Lal & J K Jena Presented during the Regional Workshop on Underutilized Fish and Marine Genetic Resources and their Amelioration, 10-12 July 2019, Location: Colombo, Sri Lanka
Fish biodiversity and their present conservation status 5 1-53-491Md. Monjurul Hasan
This study was conducted between January 2016 and December 2016 with a view to assessing the
biodiversity of fishes in the River Meghna and their conservation status both in Bangladesh and global
aspects. A total of 107 fish species belonging to 13 orders and 26 families were documented. Perciformes
was found to be the most dominant order consisting 32% of the total fish population. Cyprinidae was
found to be the richest family (16%). Twenty common groups were recorded in the studied areas.
Estuary-River was found to be the biggest habitat for the maximum number of fishes (43%). Twenty one
threatened fish species (20%) were recorded from the River Meghna in which 11 species (10.28%) were
found as Vulnerable (VU), 8 species (7.48%) as Endangered (EN) and 2 species (2%) as Critically
Endangered (CR). Steps should be taken to conserve threatened fish species of Meghna River from the
risk of extinction.
Report on "Breeding and Seed Rearing Techniques of Indian Major Carp'' By Shi...shivani verma
This document provides a summary of a hands-on training programme on breeding and seed rearing of Indian major carps conducted from July to September 2017. It includes an overview of global and national status of aquaculture, infrastructure at the training center including hatchery components and ponds. The document then describes the seed production techniques adopted for Indian major carps like catla, rohu and mrigal. It provides details of the total seed produced, nursery rearing and other aspects like water quality parameters and daily activities. The summary concludes with an acknowledgement of guidance received from faculty during the training programme.
“VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN MYANMAR” 4. chapter (4)Aung Lwin
This document discusses the value chain analysis of rohu fish aquaculture development in Myanmar based on surveys of upstream, midstream, and downstream actors. It provides an overview of the survey methodology and profiles of actors interviewed. The upstream sector includes seed suppliers, hatcheries, feed suppliers, and other inputs. Government hatcheries produce some seeds but most commercial ponds purchase from private hatcheries, which have increased production over 10 years. Rohu is the top species produced. The document examines seed production and hatcheries in further detail.
The document discusses strategies for conserving the Hilsa fish, which has experienced declining catches. It outlines Bangladesh's Hilsa Conservation Programme, which includes a Hilsa Fisheries Management Action Plan to protect juvenile Hilsa, alternative livelihood programs for fishers, and food subsidies during fishing bans. In India, five Hilsa breeding grounds have been designated as sanctuaries, and net sizes and fishing certain small Hilsa are restricted. Regional collaboration among Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar is important for long-term Hilsa conservation. The document provides background on the economic and cultural importance of Hilsa as well as factors contributing to declining stocks like overfishing, habitat degradation, and climate variability.
Present status of Indian major carp broodstock management at the hatcheries i...AbdullaAlAsif1
This document discusses the present status of broodstock management at Indian major carp hatcheries in Jessore, Bangladesh. It finds that brood fish are selected based on experience, and are sourced from various locations including government brood banks. Feed ingredients include rice bran, mustard oilcake, and fishmeal. Hatching rates average 85-91% with 5-7% deformities. Both positive and negative selection methods are used. The most common disease is anchor worm. Hatchery owners believe using wild broodfish could reduce inbreeding and improve fry survival and growth.
Enhance the contribution of small indigenous fish production: Emphasis mola (...AbdullaAlAsif1
Abstract: Background and Objective: Eco-climatic condition is highly favorable to conduct the aquaculture farm operation in Riverine Bangladesh and recently aquaculture became a profitable and nutritious source of agriculture and this study conducted to enhance the production of small indigenous fish with carps in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: An on-farm experiment was carried on 240 days during April-December, 2012 at North-west Bangladesh to produce more small fish with the carps. All of the household ponds (200-600 m2) were stocked with the fingerlings of Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus cirrhosus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo bata and Amblypharyngodon mola at different rate. There were three treatments and interfering the period of culture varied the production frequency of mola which produced more or less in the experimental ponds. Results: All the recorded water quality parameters varied significantly differences (p>0.05) among the treatments except transparency and dissolved oxygen. The growth performance of all the carps, silver carp was the first growing and bata was the lowest. The total fish production was the highest (3783.30 kg ha–1) in early stocking (EST) and the lowest (2836.61 kg ha–1) in existing stocking (EXST) treatment, but the total small fish production (55%) was higher in the EXST ponds than seasonal stocking (SST) and EST ponds. The highest SGR and the rate of survival of carps were higher in SST than the other treatments. Conclusion: Poly-culture of carps with mola can provide additional nutritional and economic benefits; field level household culture is highly suggested in Bangladeshi pond.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Fish to finance: unraveling the economic threads of Bangladesh’s Blue EconomyAbdullaAlAsif1
Bangladesh, with its extensive river network, vast coastlines, and rich maritime heritage, stands at the crossroads of a transformative Blue Economy. This comprehensive review explores the rich tapestry of Bangladesh's maritime journey. Commencing with a historical lens, it traces the nation's roots in fisheries, showcasing its transformation into a diversified and dynamic Blue Economy. The significance of this transition unfolds across the review, underscoring the sector's contributions to GDP, employment, and food security, while candidly addressing challenges such as overfishing and environmental impact. This work not only chronicles historical milestones but distills valuable lessons from both successes and setbacks, offering a nuanced understanding of the economic resilience embedded in Bangladesh's fisheries sector. Beyond a historical retrospective, the review navigates through the contemporary landscape, emphasizing diversification beyond fisheries. It illuminates economic opportunities in maritime trade, explores non-fish marine resources, and delves into the transformative role of aquaculture. The policy framework governing Bangladesh's Blue Economy comes into focus, dissecting government strategies, legal landscapes, and international collaborations. The review also champions environmental sustainability, highlighting the impact of Blue Economy activities on marine ecosystems and advocating for conservation measures, thus positioning Bangladesh as a steward of its rich maritime heritage. Financial mechanisms and investments emerge as pivotal elements, shaping the trajectory of Blue Economy projects, as evidenced by case studies that weave success stories and lessons learned into the narrative. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, the study identifies emerging trends, growth opportunities, and strategies to tackle challenges, offering a comprehensive roadmap for sustainable development. In weaving together economic vibrancy, environmental stewardship, and future aspirations, this review illuminates Bangladesh's maritime odyssey as a beacon for the global Blue Economy community.
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Marketing channels of mud crab (Scylla serrata) at Nijhum Dwip, Noakhali, Ban...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to assess the marketing and value chain of crab from Nijhum Dwip Island in Noakhali region during July 2015 to December 2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interview and tools of participatory rural appraisal such as focus group discussion. The Meghna estuary, tidal rivers and mangroves were the main sources of crab. Local people including the fishermen can collect the crabs and crab lets. The grading system varied depending on sex and size of the crab. The highest average price was found to be 200 BDT/kg for FF1 grade of female while the minimum price was found to be 500 BDT/kg for XXL grade of male. Crabs were mainly available in April, May, June, July, August, September, and October. It was found that 70% crab catchers were from the age group of 12-28 years, which were the main working force in the society. In the study area, 60% of the crab marketers had monthly income of BDT 9,000-20,000, the farmers living conditions were not up to the mark but the survey suggests that most of the crab marketers and exporters increased their income level. If crab fattening can be established, training can be provided, institutional and policy support can be offered to the farmers and good marketing facilities can be developed, crab can be an alternative source of income and sustainable livelihood for the coastal poor people.
Fish fermentation in Lalpur, Brahmanbaria district: ecological implication an...AbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to evaluate the present status of the production of traditional fermented fish product-shidal (Chapa shutki or shidol) in Lalpur, Ashuganj Union, Brahmanbaria district and its ecological implication and value chain during June to November, 2016. Shidal is produced by natural fermentation process of fresh water punti and marine phaisha and poa fish during winter (October to January). It was found that the Shidal production from freshwater fish in Lalpur has been shrinking gradually due to a decline in fish production from the Meghna River Basin and low supply of raw fishes from others areas. The fishers noted the local extinction of large numbers of once common fish with a gradually low supply of punti and a declining average size among the fishes that are still captured. It was found that not only the total volume of catch decreased but there have been a marked decline in catch per unit effort (CPUF) over the last ten years. During the fermentation season, every day 2-4 ton of raw punti are sold in Lalpur Fish Landing Center and the price of punti varies with grade, season and quality. On an average 4 kg of fresh punti produces 1.2 kg of dry punti and 1.2 kg of dry punti produces 1.44 kg of shidal. It was observed that there were two types of punti used for making shidal in Lalpur-with scales and without scales. The prices of shidal were Tk 800/kg, Tk 500/kg, and Tk 500/kg produced from punti, poa and phaisha, respectively. There are nearly 250 dangaries (fish processing place) for Shidal production and each of the danagaries produce 100-150 motkas (each motka contains 36-40 kg of shidal) of shidal in a season. One motka is sold in Tk. 20,000-24,000 when there is no salt used but Tk. 16,000 per motka when salt is used. It was found that around 2000 people were employed in Shidal production and another 200 people worked in filling in the motka in Lalpur. No chemical are used to make Shidal but some salt is applied during Shidal processing. It was observed that there was no fixed marketing channel for Shidalshutki. Seventy percent (70%) of the Shidal are produced for the domestic market. Shidal produced from small sized punti are exported to India but Shidal produced from marine fishes has never been exported. Although people prefer Shidal made from punti, but due to its gradual disappearance from the natural water bodies, they are forced to consume Shidal prepared from marine poa or phaisa.
Availability and potentiality of small indigenous species of fish throughout ...AbdullaAlAsif1
This study was conducted with aiming to know the present status of small indigenous fish species (SIS) in Oxbow Lakes/baors and rivers as well as the availability of SIS of fish and their potentiality in the study area. Regular data were collected from some important fish landing center cum markets, Oxbow Lakes and rivers of the study area. The availability of small indigenous species (SIS) of fish declined to a great extent over the years and many of them are rare or endangered due to death of rivers and baors were brought under aquaculture. Besides these, Many of SIS of fish were being increasingly used as trash fish for fish feed purpose. As an over populated country, demand of SIS of fish is increasing day by day. After 1990s almost all Oxbow Lakes have been gradually trying to bring under aquaculture through local community or Department of Fisheries. The most significant message of this study is that, some vulnerable and endangered SIS of fish are locally abundant both in fish landing center, baors and rivers. So they must be conserved for their bioavailability and nutrition throughout the country that would be most intelligent efforts in favor of global ichthyo-biodiversity conservation.
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The induced breeding of common carps (Cyprinus carpio) in BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to know the induced breeding technique of common carp verities. Scale carp (C. carpio var. communis), mirror carp (C. carpio var. specularis) and leather carp (C. carpio var. nudus) are chosen for the experiment at Ma-Fatema Fish Hatchery in Jessore from January to March, 2016. For induced breeding practice of common carps generally 1st dose of PG hormone only injected to the female brood fishes only. After 6 hours of the 1st dose, female brood fishes were injected with the 2nd dose of hormone at 4 mg PG/kg body weight and male brood fishes were injected at 2 mg PG /kg body weight for scale carp and mirror carp; 4 mg PG/kg body weight for leather carp. After 6-7 hours of injection of 2nd dose brood fishes became ready to spawn. The fertilized eggs were hatched after 42-48 hours. The mean ovulation rates were 90.01±2.55, 85.75±4.3 and 78.98±5.85 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. The mean fertilization rates were 83.06±3.04, 81.54±3.61 and 79.88±5.35 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. The mean hatching rates were 77.6±3.93, 76.16±2.91 and 74.59±4.65 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. The mean survival rates were 73.44±4.94, 71.92±1.94 and 69.58±3.79 for scale carp, mirror carp and leather carp, respectively. This is first research work on comparative study of common carps induced breeding in Bangladesh.
5. adaptive research trials under csisa bd progress and future plan - benoyAASBD
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Socio-economic status of fish retailers in Jashore sadar, BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted to determine the fish retailer's livelihood and socioeconomic status in three markets of Jashore for a period of six months from February to August, 2016. The average net profit of fish retailers was found higher in Boro bazaar (Tk.350) followed by Palbari bazaar (Tk.325), Chuadanga Bus Stand bazaar (TK.275). The average age groups of 20-65 years were found among the markets. The study shows that 53% fish retailers had nuclear family and 47% had joint family. Most of the housing conditions were kacha (69%) and Muslim fish retailers were predominant in all markets. Among the total 45 traders interviewed, 42% were illiterate, 31% have primary level education, 24% have secondary level education and none of them had bachelor level of education. It was found that fish retailers of Boro bazaar and Palbari bazaar sold an average of 35 kg fish daily, compared with Chuadanga Bus Stand bazaar 15 kg per day. The daily supply of fish in Boro bazaar can be estimated at 1.6 MT (25 retailers' × 65 kg) while 0.3 MT (15 retailers × 20 kg) and 0.45 MT (15 retailers × 30 kg) in C.B Bazar and Palbari bazaar respectively. Improvement in basic infrastructure such as, clean water supply, sanitation facilities, adequate drainage and ice facilities are recommended by the present study.
Bio-economic analysis of ESBN fishery of Kumira, the coastal area of Chittago...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present investigation was conducted from May to December 2005 at Kumira, the representative area of Chittagong coast for bio-socioeconomic analysis of ESBN fishery. In catch composition of Kumira, it was observed that finfish occupied 77.03 %, shrimp 19.82 % and crab 3.15 % and the average catch per boat per day were found 16.6 kg in Kumira. The highest total catch per boat per day (50 kg) was found in October at Kumira. The lowest catch was found (2 kg) in August at Kumira. The average total catch per landing center per month was found 14805 kg at Kumira. The average catch per fishermen per day was found 3.39 kg at Kumira and the average cost per boat per month was about 7,813 Tk in the study area. Average sale per month was found over 18,713 Tk in Kumira. During the month July and August most of the fishermen were engaged in Hilsa fishing with the Hilsa gill net resulting the total catch was with ESBN lowest in those months.
Aquaculture Revolution in Bangladesh.pdfSadia Nabilah
Bangladesh has one of the largest and most active deltas, nourished by the Padma, Meghna, and Jamuna rivers. This increases the potential for fresh and brackish water capture and culture fisheries. Aquaculture is the fastest-growing enterprise in Bangladesh since the 1980s.
Aquaculture production is unevenly dispersed geographically with Asian countries contributing nearly 90% of global production; where, China is the largest producer in 2018, followed by India, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Bangladesh, respectively (FAO, 2020). According to FAO report The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, Bangladesh ranked 5th in world aquaculture production. The aquaculture industry has worked out towards creating new possibilities and yet has to face some future challenges due to unwise practices and knowledge gaps.
Employment opportunities in the sector are a boon as well – official statistics show that the fisheries and aquaculture sectors (directly and indirectly) support more than 18 million people. The aquaculture sector has a high potential for the perspective on the economic development of the country.
As with any livestock industry in Bangladesh, there are a number of challenges that can impact the viability of aquaculture initiatives in future. Aquaculture can be no riskier than, say, poultry farming. We have to figure out what these challenges are and how both external and internal challenges can be managed through good project design.
Prawn farming plays an important role in the economy of India. Despite of several problems, the practice of prawn farming has offered opportunity to increase incomes for farmers and associated groups. The future for prawn farming is bright but requires dynamism to exploit fully. The realization of its potential must be aided by improvements in production technology and hatchery operation. In addition, research in areas such as seed and feed production may need to be given particular attention, considering existing technology, the transfer, adaption and development of new technology.
A bureau de change? What's that got to do with the price of fish? Quite a lot, actually. Well over two thirds of the world's farmed common carp is produced in China. As a result, it is believed that the strength of the Chinese yuan can have a significant effect on the market price of this fish worldwide.
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI).pdfPinkiPaul2
The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) was established in 1947 by the Government of India. CMFRI conducts research on marine fisheries including estimating landings and effort, taxonomy of marine organisms, and stock assessments. It has headquarters in Kochi and regional centers along India's coastline. CMFRI's objectives include characterizing marine fisheries resources, describing productive fishery habitats, and evaluating declines in predatory species. The institute has made contributions to marine fisheries development including farm technologies for shrimp and shellfish. CMFRI also investigates the impacts of climate change and publishes the latest findings from its ongoing research.
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIOR...apaari
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIORATION COUNTRY STATUS REPORT – INDIA BY Kuldeep K. Lal & J K Jena Presented during the Regional Workshop on Underutilized Fish and Marine Genetic Resources and their Amelioration, 10-12 July 2019, Location: Colombo, Sri Lanka
Fish biodiversity and their present conservation status 5 1-53-491Md. Monjurul Hasan
This study was conducted between January 2016 and December 2016 with a view to assessing the
biodiversity of fishes in the River Meghna and their conservation status both in Bangladesh and global
aspects. A total of 107 fish species belonging to 13 orders and 26 families were documented. Perciformes
was found to be the most dominant order consisting 32% of the total fish population. Cyprinidae was
found to be the richest family (16%). Twenty common groups were recorded in the studied areas.
Estuary-River was found to be the biggest habitat for the maximum number of fishes (43%). Twenty one
threatened fish species (20%) were recorded from the River Meghna in which 11 species (10.28%) were
found as Vulnerable (VU), 8 species (7.48%) as Endangered (EN) and 2 species (2%) as Critically
Endangered (CR). Steps should be taken to conserve threatened fish species of Meghna River from the
risk of extinction.
Report on "Breeding and Seed Rearing Techniques of Indian Major Carp'' By Shi...shivani verma
This document provides a summary of a hands-on training programme on breeding and seed rearing of Indian major carps conducted from July to September 2017. It includes an overview of global and national status of aquaculture, infrastructure at the training center including hatchery components and ponds. The document then describes the seed production techniques adopted for Indian major carps like catla, rohu and mrigal. It provides details of the total seed produced, nursery rearing and other aspects like water quality parameters and daily activities. The summary concludes with an acknowledgement of guidance received from faculty during the training programme.
“VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN MYANMAR” 4. chapter (4)Aung Lwin
This document discusses the value chain analysis of rohu fish aquaculture development in Myanmar based on surveys of upstream, midstream, and downstream actors. It provides an overview of the survey methodology and profiles of actors interviewed. The upstream sector includes seed suppliers, hatcheries, feed suppliers, and other inputs. Government hatcheries produce some seeds but most commercial ponds purchase from private hatcheries, which have increased production over 10 years. Rohu is the top species produced. The document examines seed production and hatcheries in further detail.
The document discusses strategies for conserving the Hilsa fish, which has experienced declining catches. It outlines Bangladesh's Hilsa Conservation Programme, which includes a Hilsa Fisheries Management Action Plan to protect juvenile Hilsa, alternative livelihood programs for fishers, and food subsidies during fishing bans. In India, five Hilsa breeding grounds have been designated as sanctuaries, and net sizes and fishing certain small Hilsa are restricted. Regional collaboration among Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar is important for long-term Hilsa conservation. The document provides background on the economic and cultural importance of Hilsa as well as factors contributing to declining stocks like overfishing, habitat degradation, and climate variability.
Present status of Indian major carp broodstock management at the hatcheries i...AbdullaAlAsif1
This document discusses the present status of broodstock management at Indian major carp hatcheries in Jessore, Bangladesh. It finds that brood fish are selected based on experience, and are sourced from various locations including government brood banks. Feed ingredients include rice bran, mustard oilcake, and fishmeal. Hatching rates average 85-91% with 5-7% deformities. Both positive and negative selection methods are used. The most common disease is anchor worm. Hatchery owners believe using wild broodfish could reduce inbreeding and improve fry survival and growth.
Enhance the contribution of small indigenous fish production: Emphasis mola (...AbdullaAlAsif1
Abstract: Background and Objective: Eco-climatic condition is highly favorable to conduct the aquaculture farm operation in Riverine Bangladesh and recently aquaculture became a profitable and nutritious source of agriculture and this study conducted to enhance the production of small indigenous fish with carps in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: An on-farm experiment was carried on 240 days during April-December, 2012 at North-west Bangladesh to produce more small fish with the carps. All of the household ponds (200-600 m2) were stocked with the fingerlings of Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus cirrhosus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo bata and Amblypharyngodon mola at different rate. There were three treatments and interfering the period of culture varied the production frequency of mola which produced more or less in the experimental ponds. Results: All the recorded water quality parameters varied significantly differences (p>0.05) among the treatments except transparency and dissolved oxygen. The growth performance of all the carps, silver carp was the first growing and bata was the lowest. The total fish production was the highest (3783.30 kg ha–1) in early stocking (EST) and the lowest (2836.61 kg ha–1) in existing stocking (EXST) treatment, but the total small fish production (55%) was higher in the EXST ponds than seasonal stocking (SST) and EST ponds. The highest SGR and the rate of survival of carps were higher in SST than the other treatments. Conclusion: Poly-culture of carps with mola can provide additional nutritional and economic benefits; field level household culture is highly suggested in Bangladeshi pond.
Similar to Present status of some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An overview.pdf (20)
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Fish to finance: unraveling the economic threads of Bangladesh’s Blue EconomyAbdullaAlAsif1
Bangladesh, with its extensive river network, vast coastlines, and rich maritime heritage, stands at the crossroads of a transformative Blue Economy. This comprehensive review explores the rich tapestry of Bangladesh's maritime journey. Commencing with a historical lens, it traces the nation's roots in fisheries, showcasing its transformation into a diversified and dynamic Blue Economy. The significance of this transition unfolds across the review, underscoring the sector's contributions to GDP, employment, and food security, while candidly addressing challenges such as overfishing and environmental impact. This work not only chronicles historical milestones but distills valuable lessons from both successes and setbacks, offering a nuanced understanding of the economic resilience embedded in Bangladesh's fisheries sector. Beyond a historical retrospective, the review navigates through the contemporary landscape, emphasizing diversification beyond fisheries. It illuminates economic opportunities in maritime trade, explores non-fish marine resources, and delves into the transformative role of aquaculture. The policy framework governing Bangladesh's Blue Economy comes into focus, dissecting government strategies, legal landscapes, and international collaborations. The review also champions environmental sustainability, highlighting the impact of Blue Economy activities on marine ecosystems and advocating for conservation measures, thus positioning Bangladesh as a steward of its rich maritime heritage. Financial mechanisms and investments emerge as pivotal elements, shaping the trajectory of Blue Economy projects, as evidenced by case studies that weave success stories and lessons learned into the narrative. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, the study identifies emerging trends, growth opportunities, and strategies to tackle challenges, offering a comprehensive roadmap for sustainable development. In weaving together economic vibrancy, environmental stewardship, and future aspirations, this review illuminates Bangladesh's maritime odyssey as a beacon for the global Blue Economy community.
Successful hybridization between Clarias microstomus♂ and Clarias gariepinus♀AbdullaAlAsif1
Hybridization is a significant approach to breeding that enables the creation of new varieties that enhance genetic diversity. Through fish inter-species hybridization, it is possible to produce hybrids that can be utilized in aquaculture and stocking programs to enhance growth rate, transfer desirable traits between species, and combine the favourable attributes of two parents into a single progeny. The present study revealed the successful hybridization between Clarias microstomus (Ng, 2001) ♂ and Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) ♀ for the first time in the aquaculture industry. C. microstomus is a species of Clariid catfish endemic to the island of Borneo and C. gariepinus is an introduced species widely aquacultured throughout the southeast Asian region. The embryonic development of the hybrid offspring is described with the hatching percentage of 58.63% and the early survival rate for the first 72 hours for the larvae of 85.76%. The hybrids showed no signs of deformities and developed normally. The findings of the study provide a new high yield variety of catfish for farmers and aquaculture industry for increasing production and profit margin.
Freshwater gastropod diversity in the selected lotic environment, Betong, Sar...AbdullaAlAsif1
Freshwater Gastropoda can be considered as the biological indicator in ecosystems such as rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds. The objectives of this study are to identify freshwater gastropod species, diversity, and distribution along Sungai Penebak, Sungai Nanga Tiga, and Sungai Kabo in the Betong division. The study was conducted on 10 November 2020. A 50 m transect was laid on the riverbank of all three stations. The existing specimens were counted and collected from each sampling point and stored were taken to the laboratory for species identification. The diversity index and morphological study of freshwater gastropods were performed. Five species of freshwater gastropods belonging to four families were discovered. The five species of freshwater gastropods consisted of Sulcospira pageli, which shows great abundance, followed by Clea nigricans, Brotia costula, Pila ampullacea, and Vittina pennata. The diversity indices of collected Gastropoda species from the different stations, for instance, Shannon Weiner diversity index (H’), Pielou’s evenness index (J’), and Margalef’s richness index were assessed; where station 3 showed higher diversity of Gastropoda compared to other two stations. The information presented in this paper might be helpful for ecological wealth studies and considered as the baseline data for the stream ecosystem in Sarawak, Malaysia.
Macrofaunal diversity on the surface sediment of mangrove habitat adjacent to...AbdullaAlAsif1
Macrofaunal diversity and composition are essential to understanding the ecosystem structures and functions of mangroves in any dynamic estuarine coast. To understand the temporal distribution of macrofaunal community structures and diversity on the surface sediment in the intertidal mangrove forest next to the seagrass beds, this study was conducted at Punang-Sari-River estuary, Lawas, Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo), South China Sea. Sampling was done during post-monsoon, intermediate-September, premonsoon, and monsoon from July 2019 to February 2020. The mean macrofauna abundance was higher pre-monsoon, while Gastropoda Optediceros breviculum (L. Pfeiffer, 1855) was the most abundant (RA = 0.704). Important species index (ISI = 70.36) and percentage of contribution (64.97%) were also higher of this species than any other records from the site. The ANOSIM (Analysis of Similarity), Jaccard index and SIMPER (Similarity Percentage Analysis) analysis suggested that the highest species abundance similarity was observed between pre-monsoon and monsoon, while the highest dissimilarity was observed between intermediate-September and pre-monsoon (74.67%). Seasonal PCA, nMDS, and cluster analysis revealed that pre-monsoon and monsoon were comparable in species and individual abundance. The dominance (0.85) was found significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in intermediate-September, while Simpson (0.734), Shannon (1.56) and Evenness indices (0.528) were found higher in monsoon, followed by the higher Margalef richness indices (3.21) in post-monsoon. It was observed that the seasonal ecological parameters were found to be significantly (P<0.05) different, including the temperature, salinity, rainfall, pore water nitrogenous compounds (NO2, NO3 and NH3-N), phosphorus compound (PO4) and micro minerals. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) results suggested that ecological factors influenced several species. Considering the few studies on mangrove macrofauna in Malaysian Borneo, further research on their trophic structures and food web interactions is very important to disclose their overall characteristics and ecosystem functions.
Population characteristics of the Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonic...AbdullaAlAsif1
The document summarizes a study on the population characteristics of the Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) off the coast of Bintulu, Sarawak, South China Sea. Samples were collected from April 2013 to March 2014 and analyzed using FiSAT II software. Key findings include: the asymptotic length was 26.78 cm, growth coefficient was 0.85 per year, total mortality was 2.97 per year, fishing mortality was 1.34 per year, and exploitation rate was 0.45, indicating sustainable fishing. Recruitment was stable year-round with one peak. The study contributes to knowledge of the population dynamics and sustainable management of fishing resources in Sarawak.
Proximate and mineral composition of the long-spined Sea Urchin (Diadema seto...AbdullaAlAsif1
Gonad of sea urchin is considered as food delicacy in many parts of the world due to high nutrition and mineral contents. Several species of sea urchins are available in Malaysia and reported from different habitat, including seagrass beds, coastal breakwater, coral reefs and other ecologically important habitats. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the proximate and mineral composition of long spined sea urchin (Diadema setosum) roe collected from breakwater of Terengganu, Malaysia in October 2019, November 2019 and January 2020. The samples were analysed for proximate including protein, lipid, moisture, and ash content of sea urchin roe. The macro, micro minerals and heavy metals were also evaluated including Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Se, Mg, Ni, Pb, Al, and Cd. The result suggested that, long spined sea urchin (Diadema setosum) roe can be considered as good sources of food due to high percentage of protein (ranged between 36.21±0.44 and 50.14±4.63). The presence of heavy metal such as Ni, Pb, and Cd suggesting the breakwater environments were not good enough and the possible sources of heavy metals contamination in sea water environment must be stopped and eradicated. This study provides important information with regard to the proximate and mineral values of D. setosum, as well as the need for a better management of its habitat before D. setosum can be widely promoted as delicacy in this region.
Trends in seagrass research and conservation in Malaysian watersAbdullaAlAsif1
The seagrass ecosystems found in the marine and coastal areas, with substantial economic and ecological services and span all over the globe excluding the Antarctic region. The Coral Triangle and Southeast Asia are recognized as a worldwide hotspot of seagrass species and habitats, encompassing 10-21 species of seagrass in every nation , although the study, understanding, and quantity of publications on seagrass ecosystems are rather limited in the region, including Malaysia. Malaysia contains 18 seagrass species from three families, which occupy 16.8 km 2 of coastal area, where the study and discovery of seagrass species and meadows began in 1904 with the report of Beccari. All of the published papers reviewed reported on Malaysian seagrass-related research, which was divided into nine topic groups: biology and distribution, carbon sequestration, fauna, remote sensing, impact and pollution genetic study, restoration , microbiological investigation, and others. The extensive study of the seagrass ecosystem began in 1993, and we have identified 183 published papers from Scopus, 141 publications from Web of Science, and 42 from Google Scholar. However, the average trend of the number of publications from 1993 to 1999 was 0.71 ± 0.36, while from 2000 to 2022 was 7.70 ± 1.16 followed by the average trend of the yearly number of publications was 6.78 ± 1.08. The highest number of publications was found on faunal categories (43.17%), followed by biology and distribution (21.85%). The number of articles that were published on Malaysian seagrass meadows each year has been discovered to be rising, which indicates that the trends in seagrass study and publishing were progressively garnering the attention of researchers, academics, and the government. However, to better understand the sustainable ecology and ecosystem services provided by seagrass habitats, an emphasis on certain research niches, such as the genetic study of flora and fauna in seagrass meadows, microbial ecology, and restoration as well as conservation of seagrass species might be helpful.
First record of saucer scallop Ylistrum balloti (Bernardi, 1861) from equator...AbdullaAlAsif1
Ylistrum balloti is one of the Pectinidae species distributed within the Indo-Pacific region. Recently, 15 live specimens of Y. balloti were recorded from the continental shelf of Sarawak, Malaysia. The main morphological characteristics were displayed on the outer valve, these being a brown-red colour and a clear concentric pattern of thin brown lines. The prominent internal ribbing numbers on both valves also helped species identification. The preliminary report of Y. balloti revealed that the species is present in Sarawak waters and can be further explored in the future.
Culture and production of Lucilia sericata Meigen (1826) larvae for rearing s...AbdullaAlAsif1
The fly larvae (Lucilia sericata) are being used as an alternative protein source in any kind of animal feed as it reduces the cost of preparation of feed. This current study focused on the physico-chemical and proximate properties of raw poultry waste, while this study also revealed the production process of fly larvae and the proximate composition of it. The poultry waste was collected from Suvro poultry farm, Sutiakhali, Mymensingh, then the physic-chemical properties of the raw poultry waste were determined using different procedures. Three treatments were considered for production of fly larvae, T 1 (3 kg), T 2 (6 kg) and T 3 (9 kg) in a 15 kg capacity tray with three replications. After production, the proximate composition were also measured of fly larvae. Physico-chemical properties such as, color, odor, texture, temperature, pH, total solids (TSS+TDS), chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, available N, available P, and fiber in raw poultry waste were determined and presented. Proximate composition such as, moisture, total N, total P, available N, total Ca, ash and crude fiber were found in significant amount in the poultry waste. It was found that T 3 (1350±68g) produced highest volume of live maggot compared to the other treatments, but T 2 (17.50±1.10%) produced highest percentage volume. The proximate compositions of fly larvae were assessed and found 56.60±0.25% protein value in it, suggesting that fly larvae could be the protein replacer in fish feed. The result of this study revealed cheap protein source in aquaculture production, such as production and rearing of stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis, and the findings might be helpful for cost reduction in aquaculture operation.
Replacement of fish meal by Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) live larvae and p...AbdullaAlAsif1
Reduction of aquaculture operations and production cost is key to the success and profitability of this enterprise, while protein needs, especially the cost of fish meal, are cery expensive. The current study was conducted to investigate the post-larval production performance of Heteropneustes fossilis using Lucilia sericata maggot as a fish meal replacer in two ways, namely, live larvae and powder form. A 28 days growth trial was performed where five isonitrogenous diets for Heteropneustes fossilis post-larvae were experimented using live maggots and maggot meal, respectively. The proximate composition of each formulated diet, growth parameters of fish post-larvae, such as, weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, apparent protein utilization, survival rate and the food conversion ratio were examined. After the experiment, the carcass composition of the experimental fishes were evaluated. The best final weight (1.61 g), weight gain (1.418 g), percentage of weight gain (739±1.18%), specific growth rate (2.63), protein efficiency ratio (2.29), apparent protein utilization (85%), survival rate (90%) and lower food conversion ratio (2.06) were observed in fish fed with 75% maggot meal as a substitute of fish meal. This study will help the aquaculture industry, especially the catfish culture in identifying an alternate source of protein and lowering the cost of aquaculture operation.
The molecular approach reveals the relationship among Venus clams (Meretrix s...AbdullaAlAsif1
Molecular study is important to detect variations and similarities among species from the same genus, in case if they do not encompass any morphological or physiological differences. The study was conducted to differentiate among species of Meretrix spp. (Meretrix lyrata, M. meretrix, and M. lusoria) obtained from two locations in Malaysia through the phylogenetic tree. The adductor muscle tissues were used to extract DNA and to perform other procedures; the samples were subjected to analyses using PCR and gel electrophoresis. The multiple sequence comparison was conducted by MUSCLE and the phylogenetic relationships were established using Maximum Likelihood (ML) statistical methods with MEGA 6.0 statistical software. M. lyrata samples showed 99% similarity to the three accessions sequence, where M. lyrata indicated 87% similarities, and M. meretrix showed not more than 89% similarities from the deposited sequence. The nucleotide base composition sequences consisted of the mean of Thiamine (T) 37.9%, Cytosine (C) 15.4%, Adenine (A) 27.4%, and Guanine (G) 19.4%. Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was conducted using the Tamura 3-parameter model to establish five major clades on Meretrix spp. and two out-groups clades significantly different from the Meretrix spp. These major clades were closely related to each other at the 50% evidence of bootstrap, which grouped as genus Meretrix. The present study on Meretrix spp. from the Sarawak locality was able to differentiate COI sequences between M. lyrata, M. meretrix, and M. lusoria. M. lusoria was close related to M. meretrix with strong bootstrap supporting evidence at 96% scoring. Moreover, M. lyrata was inferred as the ancestor to M. meretrix, and M. lusoria from Sarawak, Malaysia.
Disappearance or overlooked or untouched? - A brief history of aquatic gastro...AbdullaAlAsif1
The aquatic gastropods (marine and freshwater) in Malaysian Borneo (MYB) have an ancient history of 255 years, while the first record was observed in 1767 by the pioneer Carl Linnaeus. Over time, many European, native taxonomists and conservationists have worked on the diverse group of gastropods in the Malaysian part of Borneo (states of Sabah and Sarawak). No previous work has been conducted to assess the historical status of this particular class of Mollusca. The study objective was to reveal the types of aquatic gastropods and the number of published research and expeditions conducted in MYB. The bibliometric analysis found 145 research publications mentioning the names of the region and reporting at least one gastropod species from this geographic region. Over the history of 255 years, a total of 559 gastropod species were reported by different research groups. Between 1767 and 1900, a total of 150 gastropod species were reported, followed by 79 species from 1900 to 2000 and 330 species from 2001 to 2022. The Grubbs test (p<0.05) identified outlier years for the reporting of gastropod species from MYB with 54 new species each in 2011 and 2020 and 39 species in 2001. Over the history of aquatic gastropod research in MYB, the taxonomists making the greatest contribution were Han Raven and his colleagues from Naturalis who reported 111 new species from the region, followed by Nur Leena Wong from Universiti Putra Malaysia (54 new species). The results suggested that reporting of new species from MYB is increasing, which may reflect the many unexplored sites and suggests the existence of as yet unrecorded species in this ecoregion. In this regard further expeditions and research should improve estimates of the true number of aquatic gastropod species in this area. These results can help the regional governments in making a regional biodiversity database as well as in taking decisions regarding aquatic gastropod research and management.
A ray of hope in the darkness: What we have learned from Yangtze giant soft-s...AbdullaAlAsif1
The Swinhoe's softshell turtle, Rafetus swinhoei (Gray, 1873),) is one of the world's largest freshwater turtles, and possibly the most endangered turtle species on the planet (Stanford et al., 2018). It has an overall length of over 100 cm and a width of up to 70 cm, and it can easily weigh up to 70–100 kg, maximum weight was recorded at 169 kg (Solimine, 2013; Trong, 2018). Despite its enormous size and unusual look, this species is incredibly secretive and only comes to the surface to breathe, preferring to remain submerged deep down. For this species, there is very little ecological information, and the remaining distribution is unclear. This could explain why it's so difficult to positively identify and confirm occurrences of this species in the wild (Trong, 2018). If we look back to the history and biogeography of this species, it can be found that the existential records were documented in the historical literature of the Chinese and Vietnamese dynasties. This species was once thought to only live along the Red River in China and Vietnam, as well as the lower Yangtze River floodplain in China, but its current population size is estimated to be just one wild individual of undetermined sex and a solitary captivity male in Suzhou Zoo, China. Although recent thorough searches in Yunnan, China, and Vietnam failed to confirm the presence of more wild specimens, some sightings were reported until around a decade ago (Stanford et al., 2018), giving hope that more individuals may yet exist in Vietnam.
Snapper shrimp is a symbiotic organism usually hidden under the rocks, sponges and pen shells in the seagrass and coral habitats. The relationship study within snapper shrimp and pen shell was conducted from Merambong shoal, one of the biggest seagrass beds in peninsular Malaysia. A total of 40 individual pen shells were collected randomly and four species of pen shells were identified. 40 Anchistus custoides were found inhabiting symbiotically in the mantle cavity of the pen shell as solitary males and females and heterosexual pairs. Pen shell, Pinna bicolour and Atrina vexillum recorded the highest average SH 217.79±53.15 mm, SV 2.62±1.36 dm3 and SH 164.10-224.78 mm with the SV 1.18±0.43 dm3, respectively compared to the other species. The size of Anchistus custoides ranged from 15.00 to 20.00 mm in length and it was determined to be female due to the presence of eggs in the pleopods. The length of the cephalothorax and its length were highly related (rs=0.563, p≤0.01, N=40) and found wider in females. A little difference in size between the left and right chela in males of identical length was noticed, although the left chela is much bigger than the right. The significant relationship (rs=0.450, p≤0.01, N=40) between the pen shell length and shrimp (male-female) length revealed that the size of the shell is important to be hosted the snapper shrimp in the shell cavity.
Diversity of fisheries in Sarawak, Northwest Borneo: Present status and conse...AbdullaAlAsif1
Information on fisheries resources in East Malaysia is scarce and poorly known. The current review aims to compile a checklist of fisheries resources in the Northwest Borneo (Sarawak, Malaysia) from available published literature, address the resources' present status, and suggest future monitoring needs for selected critical species. The study also aims to determine several Sarawak land-use issues that are in flux and responsible for habitat degradation. Five hundred sixty-four species belonging to 123 families and 32 orders were recorded from Sarawak waters. Freshwater fish species comprised 48.0% of the total, followed by a marine (36.6%), marine-euryhaline (12.9%), and brackish water (2.5%) species. Of this, Cyprinidae was the most dominant group accounting for the greatest number of species (82 species), followed by Balitoridae (34 species), Bagridae (21 species) and Penaeidae (21 species). Therefore, available fisheries resources should be managed carefully as 48 species (9.0%) are currently vulnerable to extinction. Furthermore, the presence of 20 alien species in Sarawak water bodies also requires attention from the authorities due to the potential disruption of aquatic ecological balance. Changing land use issues in Sarawak such as forest degradation, agricultural expansion, peatland deforestation and conversion, logging, destruction of mangrove forests, and construction of hydroelectric power dams and flood mitigation channels pose significant challenges to fishery management in Sarawak. Our study documents the priority of fishery monitoring and conservation in Sarawak water bodies to ensure sustainable management of fisheries resources.
Socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers in Jessore, BangladeshAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted the fish farmers in some selected area at sadar upazila in Jessore under the district of Jessore from September to December 2013. A total of 100 fishermen were selected by stratified random sampling method and interviewed. The average me mbers of single family were 5-6 people per household. Single families were much more (62 %) than joint families. Most of the fish far mers were Muslims 92% and few of them were Hindus 8%Most of them had the secondary educational background and some of them with different levels of higher education. It was found that the number of school going children was 2-3 per house. Full katcha (17 %) houses were few, while the semi-pucca (40%) and pucca (43%) houses were more abundant. Regarding health and sanitation, 31% fishermen reported to suffer fro m gastric and 17% suffered from fever. Most of the interviewees were found to take credit facilities from different sources for the subsistence of their family and their venture. The 98% were found to have their tube-wells, others using Governmental tube-well, or those belonging to schools or neighbors However, they need more institutional, organizational, and technical and credit support for their better socioeconomic and sustainable livelihood.
Socio-economic condition of fish fry and fingerling traders in greater Jessor...AbdullaAlAsif1
The present study was conducted to assess the livelihood status of fish fry and fingerling traders and socioeconomic condition in the greater Jessore, Bangladesh from April 2013 to September 2013. Data were collected through the use of well-structured questionnaire from the selected area. 73% of traders have single family but only 27% have joint family. 45% fish fry and fingerling traders family has four members. 20% family has five members, 14% family has six members, 12% family has three members 9%family has seven to eight members respectively. 92% traders has own bank account but only 7% traders uses their bank account when they trade fry and fingerling. 87% traders have secondary business like rickshaw business, fruit business, cloth business, fish trading etc. Among 300 fish fry and fingerling traders the sanitation facilities are present 100%. It was found that 69% and 31% of fish farmers used semi-pucca and pucca toilet respectively. Among 300 fish fry and fingerling traders 78% of traders have own house but only 22% of trader live in rental house or place. 46% of traders have institutional education that range from primary to higher education and other 54% of traders have no experience in education. In case of illness 58% of traders and trader's family goes to government hospital, 24% uses private clinic, 15% traders are uses local village doctor and another 3% does not get any treatment or not require no treatment. 93% traders have television, 5% house consist radio and another 2% house no instrument for entertainment. Only 10% trader wants their son and grandson engages with this fish fry and fingerling trading profession. The average monthly income of traders in the peak season is 18000 taka and off-peak season the income is less than 7000 taka per month.
Marketing of fish and fishery products in Dinajpur and livelihoods of the fis...AbdullaAlAsif1
Marketing of fish and fishery products in Dinajpur and livelihoods of the fish retailers were studied during the period from January to May, 2013. A total of 60 fish retailers were interviewed for obtaining pertinent data. A survey questionnaire was developed, pre-tested and finally used for collection of data. The collected data were tabulated using conventional statistical tools. The result showed that the livelihoods of a large number of people are associated with fish and fishery products distribution and marketing in six different markets. Three types of marketing channel were found to be operated in the selected markets. The shorter marketing chain which included the fish farmers, retailers and consumers was found to be more beneficial to the fish producers. Fish traders in village markets generally operate a capital of around TK. 8,000-10,000 and traders in town markets a capital of around TK. 10,000-20,000 per day. It was found that most of the fish traders used their own money. Price of fish depends on market structure, species, and freshness, supply demand of fish and size of fishes. There are seasonal variation in prices with the highest in summer (March to May), and lowest in pre-winter: (September to November) during the fish harvesting season. Different types of dried and salted fish were sold in the markets. Traders have broadly improved their food consumption facilities, standard of living, and purchasing power as an economic sector. However, the unhygienic conditions of the marketplace, lack of ice facilities, poor infrastructure, inadequate storage and poor transportation facilities were reported to be the major constraints hindering the marketing system in the surveyed areas. It is therefore necessary to provision of governmental, institutional and banking assistance for improvement of the marketing system.
Socio economic status of fry collectors at Sundarban regionAbdullaAlAsif1
The study was conducted on the livelihood approach of fry collectors at Shyamnagar upazila under Satkhira district. The objective of the study was to assess the present livelihood status, to identify the socio-economic condition and problem associated with the alternative livelihood approach of fry collectors. The survey was conducted on three unions of Shyamnagar upazila adjacent to Sundarban as study area. In the study area average family size was 5 persons per family. The maximum age level was 20-30 years old. Among the fry collectors 66% was male and 34% was female. Among them 62% was Muslim and 38% was Hindu. About 78% of total fry collectors are landless in the study area. Literacy was 31% of them where female literacy was 28% and male literacy was 72% and most of them can sign only. Most of the collectors about 63% lived in mud walled with golpata shed house. About 73% families have two earner and 68% have single family. Peak season of fry collection was March to May. For collecting fry they use push net, set bag net mainly. They collect fry in the early morning and in early evening for about 6-8 hours. Men collect 150-200 pieces of fry per day in peak season and 40-60 pieces of fry by women. Price varies from 800-3500 Tk. per thousand golda fry. Price is higher in the month on March-May. About 52% collectors engaged in fishing during off season as alternative income source. Their preferable alternative income source are sustainable agriculture, fry nursing, poultry farming, planned fish cultivation, cattle and goat rearing etc. The main problem of converting of fry collection to other profession was lack of other training of other works, lack of capital, poor infrastructure.facilities, absence of industrialization, lack of land, government and NGO level work is very limited.
Earth Day How has technology changed our life?
Thinkers/Inquiry • How has our ability to think and inquire helped to advance technology?
Vocabulary • Nature Deficit Disorder~ A condition that some people maintain is a spreading affliction especially affecting youth but also their adult counterparts, characterized by an excessive lack of familiarity with the outdoors and the natural world. • Precautionary Principle~ The approach whereby any possible risk associated with the introduction of a new technology is largely avoided, until a full understanding of its impact on health, environment and other areas is available.
What is technology? • Brainstorm a list of technology that you use everyday that your parents or grandparents did not have. • Compare your list with a partner.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
The modification of an existing product or the formulation of a new product to fill a newly identified market niche or customer need are both examples of product development. This study generally developed and conducted the formulation of aramang baked products enriched with malunggay conducted by the researchers. Specifically, it answered the acceptability level in terms of taste, texture, flavor, odor, and color also the overall acceptability of enriched aramang baked products. The study used the frequency distribution for evaluators to determine the acceptability of enriched aramang baked products enriched with malunggay. As per sensory evaluation conducted by the researchers, it was proven that aramang baked products enriched with malunggay was acceptable in terms of Odor, Taste, Flavor, Color, and Texture. Based on the results of sensory evaluation of enriched aramang baked products proven that three (3) treatments were all highly acceptable in terms of variable Odor, Taste, Flavor, Color and Textures conducted by the researchers.
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation dataSpatial Genetics
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Present status of some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An overview.pdf
1. 2694
ISSN 2286-4822
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EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH
Vol. VI, Issue 6/ September 2018
Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF)
DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+)
Present status of some selected hatcheries at
Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh:
An overview
Md. AFROJ ALI
SUBRATA MONDAL
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience
Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
ABDULLA-AL-ASIF1
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience
Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh
Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Md. MASUM BILLAH
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries
University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
Department of Environmental Conservation, School of Science
University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent
United Kingdom
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Abstract:
The present study was conducted on 10 hatchery owners at
Chanchra under Jashore district. The study period was May to August
2015. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews by using
personal interviews and participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools. In
the study area, maximum spawn production of hatcheries was 2500 kg
and minimum 800 kg. About 50% brood fishes were collected from own
pond, 30% were collected from other’s hatcheries and rest of 20% were
collected from natural sources. The hatchery owners maintained
1
Corresponding author: jessoreboyhemel@gmail.com
2. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
2695
proper age and weight of broods for spawning and followed the
guideline of hatchery operation so that the quality of spawn and fry
those produced by them were good in quality. It was found that the
hatcheries produced fish seed of a variety of species like Indian major
carps, carpio, sarpunti, silver carp, grass carp, magur, shing etc. The
hatchery production activities took place starting February and
continued up to September. The quantity of fish seed produce varied
from 25 to 75 kg per hatchling cycle depending on size and facilities of
hatcheries. The price of fry in Jashore was being fixed by the hatchery
owners. However, the price variation was seen due to seasonal
variation, species and demand. The average price of fish seed was
maximum in monsoon and minimum in winter. In general skilled
technicians were involved in hatchery operation. Some hatchery
owners were well experienced and operated their own hatcheries. The
hatcheries in Jashore district were viable. The hatchery owners had
improved their social status though hatchery income.
Key words: hatcheries, Chanchra, Jashore district, Bangladesh
INTRODUCTION
At present Bangladeshi aquaculture contributes 4.43% to
national GDP of Bangladesh at present (DoF, 2013). As
Bangladesh achieved the fourth maximum position in total
inland fish production of the world, this trend will greatly
influence the aquaculture practices here (FAO, 2014). About
1.25crore people of our country depend directly or indirectly, on
fishing and ancillary occupations (DoF, 2008). A vast amount of
eggs and spawn were collected from major rivers such as the
Hadla, the Jamuna, the Padma and their tributaries during the
monsoon season. However, collection of seed from natural water
has declined in recent years. As against an estimated collection
of 12,533 kg fish seed during 1988, the fish seed collected
during 2009 was only 1876 kg (Fisheries Statistical Yearbook of
Bangladesh, 2008-2009). Nowadays, due to continuous
3. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
2696
destruction of natural habitats the natural availability of fish
seed has largely gone down and the aquaculture ventures are
fully dependent on the hatchery-produced fry/fingerling. There
is an increasing demand of substantial supply of quality fish
spawn, fry and fingerlings. During 1980`s about 95% fish
spawn used to be collected from natural sources. Currently
more than 98.41% fish spawn is produced in the hatcheries. At
present the total number of private fish hatcheries in
Bangladesh is 892 and their total production is 459,804 kg
hatchlings (Fisheries Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh, 2008-
2009). Aquaculture practices in Bangladesh started with fish
seed collected from river but now it is almost entirely (98.41%)
replaced by hatchery produced fish seed (Fisheries Statistical
Yearbook of Bangladesh,2008-2009). During 1990s there were
5 large hatcheries and 106 fish seed multiplication farms
established in public sector. A part of from Government
hatcheries, a large number of carp hatcheries had been built in
the private sector in different parts of Bangladesh. In 1980, the
total hatchery produced carp fry was estimated at about 22
million (Chowdhury and Sumumari, 1996). In 1984, hatchery
produced carp fry was estimated to be about 249 million, which
is more than ten times of 1980 production. At present total
number of private hatcheries in Bangladesh are and their total
production are 629175.53 kg (DoF, 2013). The main source of
fish seed in Bangladesh are spawn produced in public and
private hatcheries and collected in the rivers. In view of this,
DoF of Bangladesh is encouraging people to increase fish seed
production by establishing hatcheries and nurseries. For this
purpose, DoF established more than one hundred Fish Seed
Multiplication Farm (FSMFs) covering almost all the districts
of Bangladesh to supply spawn, fry and fingerling to the
farmers. Many private entrepreneurs have also established the
FSMs. They also have established fish seed and fingerling
nursery. Day by day many private hatcheries were established
4. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
2697
in our country. Most of the hatchery owners did not follow
aquaculture code of conduct, breeding protocols, brood stock
and hatchery management technology. They might use same
age group brother and sister of male and female brood for
induced breeding in their hatcheries. As a result, several
problems such as inbreeding, growth stagnation, production of
small fish happened and finally reduced aquaculture production
occurred. The present study was undertaken with objectives to
know the present status of hatchery management techniques
and to know the breeding techniques which are followed in the
hatchery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Study area and periods
The present study was conducted on chanchra sader upazilla in
Jashore district. Jashore sader upazilla is the most pioneer and
popular for finfish production in our country. The locations of
the hatcheries were in Jashore sader. Data were collected from
May to August 2016 (Figure 1).
Fig. 1: Map of Jashore district showing the study area
Target group
To achieve the objectives of the study the following of the people
was selected:
5. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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>hatchery owners
Sample size
A total 0f 10 hatcheries were randomly selected for the
collection of data.
Data collection
Primary data
The primary data were collected through interviewing different
hatchery owners involved in hatchery operation.
Secondary sources
The secondary data were collected from central library,Jashore
University of Science and Technology ,Jashore; different
website of Journals; district Fisheries Office, Jashore; an
upazilla Fisheries Office, Jashore.
Data processing and analysis
After collection of data from the hatchery, data were verified to
eliminate errors and inconsistencies. Then the data were
entered into computer. The qualitative data were categorized
and analysis mainly based on descriptive statistical analysis by
MS excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS). All the collected data were processed and analyzed to
extract the findings of the study following careful accumulation.
RESULTS
Hatchery status
Types of hatchery
Among the hatcheries, maximum was carp and catfish
hatcheries where some of them produced other spawn such as
tilapia, prawn etc. among the 10 hatcheries seven hatcheries
produced only carp, two hatcheries produced carp with catfish
and one hatchery produced carp, catfish and tilapia. Yearly
6. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
2699
productions of the selected hatcheries were about 13200 kg
(Figure 2).
Fig. 2: Different types of hatcheries in Jashore district
Source of Broods
Among the visited 10 hatcheries, it was found that six hatchery
owners collected brood from their own ponds, three hatchery
owners collected brood from the other hatcheries and one
hatchery owners collected broods from the natural sources like
the Padma and the Halda river (Figure 3).
Fig. 3: Source of brood in Jashore district
Production of hatchling in the year 2015
It was observed that there were around 10 hatcheries in the
study area. The total productions of 10 hatcheries were about
13200 kg and average production 1320 kg (Table 1).
7. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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Table 1: Production hatchlings at different hatcheries in Jashore
district.
Sereial
No
Name of hatchery Annual
production
(Kg)
Average
production
(Kg)
1 Kapotakkho fish hatchery 1000
1320
2 Madhumoti fish hatchery 2500
3 Rupali fish hatchery 1500
4 Sonali fish hatchery 2000
5 Rita fish hatchery 1000
6 Rahman fish hatchery 900
7 Shamim fish hatchery 800
8 Suvo fish hatchery 1000
9 Chowdhury fish hatchery 1000
10 Maa Fatema fish hatchery 1500
Brood stock management
The management techniques adopted by different hatcheries
were varied from one another. Brood fishes were reared in
ponds having the area of 0.5 to 1.0 acre and water depth in
between 1.5-1.8 m. During preparation of brood fish ponds the
usual practice was to eradicate the predators and weed fishes
by dewatering and dying. Sometimes toxins such as rotenone,
phostoxin etc. were applied to kill the unwanted fish species.
Aquatic weeds removed manually. After cleaning the pond, lime
was applied at the rate of 1-2 kg/dec. and five to seven days
after liming cow dung used at the rate of 5-7 kg/dec. or 3-4
kg/dec. of poultry droplets as organic fertilizer. Inorganic
fertilizers such as urea, tsp were also used at the rate of 150 g,
75-100 g per decimal respectively. The brood fish were first
reared in the rearing pond with special care. In this case 25 %
protein level was maintained in the feed.
Brood transportation
The hatchery owners used cloth bag, aluminum pots, drums etc.
to carry the brood fish from rearing pond to hatchery. Among 10
hatcheries, it was found that seven hatchery owners used
oxynated drum, 2 hatchery owners used aluminum pot and one
8. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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hatchery owner used cloth bag to carry the brood from rearing
pond to hatchery. An individual brood fish usually used for 4-5
years for breeding and after that it was sold in the market,
because the amount of eggs lying by them after five years was
comparatively less (Table 2).
Table 2: Brood transportation materials used at hatcheries in
Jashore district.
Brood transportation materials No. of brood Percentages (%)
Drum 7 70
Aluminum pot 2 20
Cloth bag 1 10
Total 10 100
Age and weight of brood
Age and weight of broods varied from species to species. In
Jashore district the hatchery owners used the same brood for 1-
6 years. Minimum age and weight of the brood for successful
spawning is shown in table 3.
Table 3: Minimum age and weight of the broods used in breeding.
Name of species Minimum age(years) Minimum weight (kg)
Male Female Male Female
Rui 2 2 1.5 1.5
Catla 3 3 4 4
Mrigal 2 2 1.5 1.5
Calibasu 2 2 1.5 1.5
Silver carp 2 2 1.5 1.5
Common carp 2 2 1.5 1.5
Grass carp 2 2 3 3
Tilapia 1.5 1.5 0.4 0.5
Magur 1 1 0.2 0.3
Singh 1 1 0.1 0.15
Thai sharpunti 1 1 0.3-0.4 0.5
Pangus 3 3 4 4
Hatchery equipment
Hatchery equipment are observed during study period in these
selected hatcheries are, overhead tank; hatching; brood and fry
9. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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holing; egg collection; hatching jar/incubator; shallow/deep tube
well; generator; pump; and shed.
Sources of hormone
Hormone is an important factor for induced breeding in any
hatchery. In the study area, maximum hatchery owners used
local hormone which is commercially available by the company
like, ACI Animal Health, SKF and Square veterinary health
division as well as some used imported hormone which were
introduced from different countries.
Induced breeding
The hatchery owners mainly practiced induced breeding and
used stimulants to enhance breeding. Eventually, hatchery
used PG and S-GnRHa/Ovaprim™ (China) for carp species and
also used 17a methyl testosterone (sex reversal hormone) to
produce mono-sex tilapia. The optimum female and male doses
for the artificial propagation of different carps are shown in
table 4.
Table 4: The optimum female and male doses (PG) of different carps
Name of species First
dose(mg/kg)
Interval(hrs) Final
dose(mg/kg)
Ovulation(hrs
after final
dose)
Labeo rohita Female=1.5
Male=---
6
---
6
1.5
6-8
Catla catla Female=2
Male=---
6
---
7
2
6-8
Cirrhinus
cirrhosus
Female=1
Male=---
6
---
5
1
6-7
Labeo calbasu Female=1.5
Male=---
6
---
6
1.5
6-8
Ctenopharyngodon
idella
Female=1.5
Male=---
8
---
4.5
1.5
6-8
Cyprinus carpio
var. communis
Female=1.5
Male=---
6
---
7
1.5
5-6
10. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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Technicians involved in hatchery operation
Among the surveyed 10 hatcheries, it was found that six
hatcheries had involvement with skilled technicians but four
hatcheries had no involvement with skilled technician rather
they were engaged themselves in hatchery activities.
Marketing channel of fish fry
Marketing of hatcheries in Jashore district included fish
hatchery, nursery, wholesalers, fry traders and fish farmers.
Fish fry and fingerling marketing channel was observed during
the study period is shown in diagram (Figure 4).
Fig. 4: Fish fry marketing channel from hatchery to fish farmer in
Jashore district
Packaging and transportation
About 250-300g of fry was packed in oxygenated polythene bag
of 99.44 cm length and 45.72 cm breadth with two third of
water and rest of oxygen.
Problems associated with hatcheries
The main problem identified during study were, different types
of bacterial and fungual disease as well as operational technical
problems.
11. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
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DISCUSSION
Among the 10 hatcheries seven hatcheries produced only carp,
two hatcheries produced carp with catfish and one hatchery
produced carp, catfish and tilapia similar carps, catfish and
tilapia hatcheries are found by the study of Asif et al. (2014);
Asif et al. (2015); and Sharif and Asif, (2015); Hossain et al.
(2016); Rahman et al. (2015); Shabuj et al. (2016a); Islam et al.
(2016); Ali et al. (2016a); and Ali et al. (2016b). It was found
that six hatchery owners collected brood from their own ponds,
three hatchery owners collected brood from the other hatcheries
and one hatchery owners collected broods from the natural
sources like the Padma and the Halda River which is linked
with Samad et al. (2013); Hossain et al. (2016); Shabuj et al.
(2016a); Islam et al. (2016) and. Islam et al. (2017) study. The
present findings showed that the maximum and minimum
number of fish seed production was 2500 kg and 800 kg in
Madhumoti and Shamim fish hatchery, respectively. Islam et
al. (2002), reported that annual fish seed production capacity
(kg) of the private hatcheries ranged from minimum 350 to
maximum 200 kg. Sharif and Asif, (2015) stated, Fry
production of indian major carps was 399596 kg, Exotic carps
were 391272 kg, and other species were 41625 kg. Asif et al.
(2014) found that approximately 4689653 kg fry were produced
from 477 hatcheries during the year 2013. Parvez et al. (2018)
found 3165 kg of fry produced over 10 hatcherries. The
broodstock was managed by the hatchery, sometime follow the
standard procedure or sometime the negative procedure which
led to inbreeding problem. Proper care of brood stock is
essential for good quality egg, larvae and juvenile production.
Methods differ from one species to another, but the hatchery
operations must provide optimum conditions for maturation
and spawning. Factors to be considered include pond
management, water quality and temperature, disease control,
12. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
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overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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food supply, brood stock age, density and sex ratios. Dwivedi
and Zaidi (1983) reported that brood stock management which
led to better breeding responses and increased fecundity,
fertilization, hatchlings and larval survival rates and more
viable fish seed. In the present study, it was found that the
hatchery owners had sufficient broods and they followed proper
brood stock management. So the spawning performance
(fecundity, fertilization rate, survival rate of fry) of the broods
were satisfactory. The broodstock management described by
Rahman et al. (2015); Shabuj et al. (2016a); Islam et al. (2016);
Hossain et al. (2016); Islam et al. (2017) and Halim et al. (2018)
which followed the standard procedure of hatchery and brood
management. Among 10 hatcheries, it was found that seven
hatchery owners used oxynated drum, 2 hatchery owners used
aluminum pot and one hatchery owner used cloth bag to carry
the brood from rearing pond to hatchery which is similar
transport study with the Asif et al. (2014); Sharif and Asif,
(2015). In the survey study area, it has been found that most of
the hatchery owners used oxynated drum for long distance fry
were transported by pick up or truck(large quantity) and locally
for small fry traders, they were transported cloth bag by van,
rickshaw. Haque et al. (1991) reported that transportation is
essential for live product like fish fry. Oxygenated bag is used
for transportation of hatchlings. An oxygenated bag is contains
250-300 g hatchlings for the best use within 24 hrs. For
carrying fry or fingerlings they use pot or plastic barrel.
Traders are aware of the requirements of oxygen for fry, so they
continuously agitate the water in the pot during transportation.
Age and weight of broods varied from species to species. In
Jashore district the hatchery owners used the same brood for 1-
6 years. Similar broodstock age study was conducted by the,
Rahman et al. (2015); Shabuj et al. (2016a); Islam et al. (2016);
Hossain et al. (2016); Islam et al. (2017); Ali et al. (2016a); Ali et
al. (2016b); Shabuj et al. (2016a) and Islam et al. (2017).
13. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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Quality seed production is the prerequisite for sustainable
aquaculture. In Bangladesh, production of fish seed was not a
problem but the crucial factor was to maintain its quality. Over
the last two decades Bangladesh became self sufficient to
produce and distribute fry to the users but the quality of fish
seed had been deteriorating day by day. Inbreeding, inter
specific hybridization, negative selection of broods, improper
brood stock management were common phenomena in
hatcheries especially in the private hatcheries. These factors
resulted in low growth rate, high mortality, deformities, less
fecundity and so on. Hussain and Mazid (1997) reported
reduced growth, physical deformities, disease and high
mortality in hatchery produced carp fish seed and they
identified improper management of brood stock, unconscious
negative selection of broods, unplanned hybridization and
inbreeding as probable reasons behind these reduced
performances. Poor quality seed, perceived as a major
constraint to expansion of fish culture, could have deleterious
effect on fish production and brood stock development.
Overhead tank; hatching; brood and fry holing; egg collection;
hatching jar/incubator; shallow/deep tube well; generator;
pump; and shed were the main hatchery component in this
present study which is describe by Islam et al. (2017). Islam et
al. (2017) and Chowdhury et al. (2015) also reveal the sources of
hormone which led to administrated to induce the fish. Ali et al.
(2016a) and Ali et al. (2016b) also reveal the hormone study like
flush hormone used in Norshingdi, district. In the study area,
maximum hatchery owners used local hormone which is
commercially available by the company like, ACI Animal
Health, SKF and Square veterinary health division as well as
some used imported hormone which were introduced from
different countries. In the study area, it was found that mature
brood fishes of selected fishes were selected for seed production
by some sign or body parameter such as swollen abdomen,
14. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
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overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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protruded reddish vent etc; the male was selected by checking
roughness of the pectoral fins and presences of milt by sight
pressure on the abdomen. Suitability quality of the brood fishes
are the principal determinant of quality seed produced from a
hatchery. Chudhury (1959) reported that mature male and
female brood fishes were selected by their external
characteristics and healthy, disease free, uninjured broods were
selected for the induced spawning. Which were similar to that
of present study. The optimum female and male doses for the
artificial propagation of different carps are similar with the
present study of Ali et al. (2016a); Ali et al. (2016b); Shabuj et
al. (2016a); Islam et al. (2017); Islam et al. (2016). Marketing of
hatcheries in Jashore district included fish hatchery, nursery,
wholesalers, fry traders and fish farmers and similar marketing
level were identified by the study of, Asif et al. (2014); Hossain
et al. (2015); Rahaman et al. (2015); Hossain et al. (2017) and
Islam et al. (2017). The main problem identified during study
were, different types of bacterial and fungual disease as well as
operational technical problems. Hasan and Ahmed (2002)
reported that diseases were less prevalent in hatcheries than in
nurseries and the economic loss due to disease was about 7.6%
of the profit. In the study area, it was recorded that, the
occurrence of disease were the most common problems in
hatchery. While the major diseases reported in hatcheries were
sudden spawn mortality, fish lice, gill rot, fin rot and anchor
warm which were relevant to that of present findings. The
study of disease which occurred in hatchery is described by
Yeasmin et al. (2016); Rahman et al. (2017); Shabuj et al.
(2016b); and Neowajh et al. (2017) and other problems are
described by the study of Sharif and Asif, (2015); Vaumik et al.
(2017) and Zaman et al. (2017).
15. Md. Afroj Ali, Subrata Mondal, Abdulla-Al-Asif, Md. Masum Billah- Present status of
some selected hatcheries at Chanchra under Jashore district, Bangladesh: An
overview
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH - Vol. VI, Issue 6 / September 2018
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CONCLUSIONS
Aquaculture principally relies on the availability of fry and
fingerlings from hatcheries. Based on the market demand, the
business has been well flourished and a lot of people were
involved in this trade and improved their socio economic
condition, but some problems were evident in the present study
such as transportation system of fry and fingerlings,
involvement of multiple middleman, high fry mortality, lack of
technical knowledge etc. For this reason, hatchery owners faced
economic loss to some extent. Unless decentralized fish seed
production includes appropriate breeding strategies to maintain
the genetic quality of brood stock, the performance of the
production stocks will decline.
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breeding of catfish species in the hatcheries in Jessore Region,
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