The document discusses various tenses in English, particularly focusing on the present, past, and future forms, along with examples related to construction and robotics. It highlights issues in construction projects, such as delays and uncertainties, and notes the impact of these factors on overall success. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of proper documentation and the use of computerized models for analysis.

2. There is (Hay) (Singular)
There is a robot at office.
There is not (there isn’t) a robot at office.
Is there a robot at office.?
There are (Hay) (Plural)
There are very good reasons why the built
world is made mainly out of steel and concrete.
There are not ( there aren´t) very good reasons why
the built world is made mainly out of steel and
concrete.
Are very good reasons why the built world is made
mainly out of steel and concrete?

3. THERE WAS (HUBO) THERE WAS AN ACCIDENT
THERE WERE (HUBO O
HABIA) THERE WERE MANY PATIENTS AT
THE OFFICE YESTERDAY
THERE WILL BE (HABRÁ)
There will be some dental seals tomorrow

4. There has been
There have been = Ha habido
There have been bricklaying robots.
Ha habido robots de albañilería

5. Intenciones en el futuro:
•I am going to: Voy a
•She is going to: Ella va a
•You are going to: Uds. van a
•We are going to: Vamos a
•They are going to: Ellos van a
EXAMPLES:
•He is going to do some english exercices
•Those lecturers are going to explain the new implant method.
• I am going to open the pulp chamber of the tooth to allow
infection to drain

6. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE / PRESENTE PERFECTO
Frase verbal
They have bought new tools.
(han comprado)
SUJETO
I
YOU
WE
THEY
Have + part.pasado
He-ha-has-han
Com-
plemento

7. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE / PRESENTE PERFECTO
Frase verbal
He has bought new tools.
That arquitecht has become very successful
(ha llegado a ser)
Frase verbal
Has + part.pasado
( Ha)
Com-
plemento
SUJETO
He
She
It

8. PAST PERFECT TENSE / PASADO PERFECTO
SUJETO
FRASEVERBAL
He had not taken the exam last year
I
HE
SHE
IT
YOU
WE
THEY
HAD +PART PASADO
(había) + (ido-ado)
Complemento

9. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE / FUTURO PERFECTO
I will have arrived at the office by 8.
Sujeto + verbo en presente perfecto + complemento
(HABRÉ, HABRÁS,
HABRÁ + Ido,ado)
SUJETO
• I
• HE
• SHE
• IT
• YOU
• WE
• THEY
FRASE
VERBAL
• COMPLEMENTWILL HAVE + VERBO
PARTICIPIO PASADO

10. 1. The main causes of disputes in construction projects involve delay and failure
to complete the work.
2. The effect of cost overrun and schedule overrun do not only influence
the construction Industry.
3. The collected data, output charts and analyses spreadsheets have been used for
the development of computerized model built.
4. There are many sources of uncertainty in construction projects.
5. Strategies for threats are avoiding negative risks.
Delay: Demora
Schedule: Cronograma
Overrun: Rebasar
Chart: Gráfico
Output: Resultados
Spreadsheets: hojas de cálculo
Risk: Riesgo
Threat: Amenzar
Practica: Reconoce las estructuras y tiempos verbales

11. TIEMPO VERBAL AFIRMATIVO TRADUCCIÓN NEGATIVO INTERROGATIVO
PRESENTE SIMPLE Researcher finds
risk factors in
bildings
El
investigador
encuentra
factores de
riesgo en las
edificaciones
PASADO SIMPLE
FUTURO SIMPLE
PRESENTE
PROGRESIVO
PASADO
PROGRESIVO
FUTURO
PROGRESIVO
PRESENTE
PERFECTO
PASADO PERFECTO
FUTURO PERFECTO
FUTURO
INMEDIATO