Present participles
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This document discusses present participles in Latin. It explains that present participles are verbal adjectives that end in -ns or -nt- in Latin and -ing in English. It provides examples of present participles describing nouns in Latin sentences and their English translations. The document also lists the third declension endings used by present participles and reiterates that participles describe a noun performing an action.
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Present participles
This document discusses present participles in Latin. It explains that present participles are verbal adjectives that end in -ns or -nt- in Latin and -ing in English. It provides examples of present participles describing nouns in Latin sentences and their English translations. The document also lists the third declension endings used by present participles and reiterates that participles describe a noun performing an action.
Perfect Passive Participles
The document discusses perfect passive participles in Latin grammar. It explains that a perfect passive participle is the fourth principal part of a Latin verb, formed from the past participle and indicating an action that has been experienced by the subject. Several example participles and their meanings are provided, such as "captus" meaning "seized, having been seized." The document also discusses the use of prepositional phrases and cases like the ablative of agent with passive participles.
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The document discusses present participles in linguistics. It defines a present participle as a derivative of a non-finite verb that can be used to form compound tenses, voices, or as a modifier. It notes that in English, present participles have the same form as gerunds and are used to form the progressive aspect, modify nouns and verbs. It provides examples like "Jim was sleeping" and "Let sleeping dogs lie."
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The document defines and provides examples of relative clauses and relative pronouns. Relative clauses are descriptive clauses that modify nouns. They are introduced by relative pronouns which connect the relative clause to the noun or antecedent in the main clause. The form of the relative pronoun depends on the gender, number and case of its antecedent and the function of the pronoun in its clause. Examples are provided and analyzed to demonstrate identifying the antecedent, relative pronoun, and determining the correct form based on agreement.
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This document discusses common pronoun errors including:
1) Pronouns not matching their antecedents. Special care must be taken with singular pronouns and collective nouns.
2) Vague or unnecessary pronouns where the noun being referred to is unclear or repetitious.
3) Inconsistent pronouns where the pronoun case switches within a sentence between first, second, and third person. Care must be taken to maintain consistent pronoun usage and case.
Conditional sentences
The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in Latin. There are simple conditional sentences that use indicative verbs to express hypothetical situations that are likely true, such as "if you are taking notes, you are one of Mrs. J's favorite students." There are also contrary-to-fact conditional sentences that use subjunctive verbs to express hypothetical situations that are unlikely, such as "if I were studying, I would be good." The document outlines the different verb forms used in the protasis (if-clause) and apodosis (main clause) for each type of conditional sentence.
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The document discusses the conditional mood in Spanish conjugations. It corresponds to the English "I would do something" but under non-present conditions. Formation uses the same stem plus conditional endings for all verbs, regardless of ending in -ar, -er, or -ir. Irregular verbs also use the same stem as the future tense but replace the future endings with conditional endings.
Perfect tense6
The perfect tense in Latin is formed by taking the third principal part of a verb, removing the final "i" to get the perfect stem, and adding special perfect endings. For example, the perfect stem of the verb "postulo" is "postulav-" which is formed from its third principal part "postulāvi". The perfect endings are used to indicate the perfect tense had occurred in the past.
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Present participles
This document discusses present participles in Latin. It explains that present participles are verbal adjectives that end in -ns or -nt- in Latin and -ing in English. It provides examples of present participles describing nouns in Latin sentences and their English translations. The document also lists the third declension endings used by present participles and reiterates that participles describe a noun performing an action.
Perfect Passive Participles
The document discusses perfect passive participles in Latin grammar. It explains that a perfect passive participle is the fourth principal part of a Latin verb, formed from the past participle and indicating an action that has been experienced by the subject. Several example participles and their meanings are provided, such as "captus" meaning "seized, having been seized." The document also discusses the use of prepositional phrases and cases like the ablative of agent with passive participles.
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The document discusses present participles in linguistics. It defines a present participle as a derivative of a non-finite verb that can be used to form compound tenses, voices, or as a modifier. It notes that in English, present participles have the same form as gerunds and are used to form the progressive aspect, modify nouns and verbs. It provides examples like "Jim was sleeping" and "Let sleeping dogs lie."
Chpt 16: Relative Clauses
The document defines and provides examples of relative clauses and relative pronouns. Relative clauses are descriptive clauses that modify nouns. They are introduced by relative pronouns which connect the relative clause to the noun or antecedent in the main clause. The form of the relative pronoun depends on the gender, number and case of its antecedent and the function of the pronoun in its clause. Examples are provided and analyzed to demonstrate identifying the antecedent, relative pronoun, and determining the correct form based on agreement.
Pronoun errors
This document discusses common pronoun errors including:
1) Pronouns not matching their antecedents. Special care must be taken with singular pronouns and collective nouns.
2) Vague or unnecessary pronouns where the noun being referred to is unclear or repetitious.
3) Inconsistent pronouns where the pronoun case switches within a sentence between first, second, and third person. Care must be taken to maintain consistent pronoun usage and case.
Conditional sentences
The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in Latin. There are simple conditional sentences that use indicative verbs to express hypothetical situations that are likely true, such as "if you are taking notes, you are one of Mrs. J's favorite students." There are also contrary-to-fact conditional sentences that use subjunctive verbs to express hypothetical situations that are unlikely, such as "if I were studying, I would be good." The document outlines the different verb forms used in the protasis (if-clause) and apodosis (main clause) for each type of conditional sentence.
Conditional
The document discusses the conditional mood in Spanish conjugations. It corresponds to the English "I would do something" but under non-present conditions. Formation uses the same stem plus conditional endings for all verbs, regardless of ending in -ar, -er, or -ir. Irregular verbs also use the same stem as the future tense but replace the future endings with conditional endings.
Perfect tense6
The perfect tense in Latin is formed by taking the third principal part of a verb, removing the final "i" to get the perfect stem, and adding special perfect endings. For example, the perfect stem of the verb "postulo" is "postulav-" which is formed from its third principal part "postulāvi". The perfect endings are used to indicate the perfect tense had occurred in the past.
Unit Seven - Ablative Absolute
An ablative absolute is a Latin grammatical construction consisting of two items in the ablative case - a noun and a participle - that provides contextual information about the time or circumstances in which the main clause occurs. There are two types of participles used: perfect participles denote an action that occurred before the main verb, while present participles denote an action occurring simultaneously with the main verb. The subject of the ablative absolute cannot be the same as the subject of the main clause.
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This document discusses the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect passive tenses in Latin. These tenses are all formed using the fourth principal part of the verb plus a form of the verb "sum". Specifically, the perfect passive uses the fourth principal part plus the present form of "sum", the pluperfect passive uses the fourth principal part plus the imperfect form of "sum", and the future perfect passive uses the fourth principal part plus the future form of "sum". The fourth principal part must agree with the subject of the verb in case, number, and gender.
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This document discusses present participles in Latin. It explains that present participles come from the second principal part of verbs and use third declension adjective endings. Present participles occur at the same time as the main verb and are best translated into English as "-ing" verbs. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to identify, form, and translate present participles.
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This document discusses adverbials and related grammatical concepts. It defines adverbials as words, phrases, or clauses that modify verbs or adjectives by providing additional information about aspects like time, place, manner, etc. There are different types of adverbials including prepositional phrases, adverb phrases, and noun phrases. Adverbials can function as adjuncts within the verb phrase by giving optional extra information. The document also discusses the levels of the verb phrase, the mobility of adverbials, phrasal verbs, and ellipsis.
English intonation
Intonation refers to the rise and fall of pitch in speech and is used in English to express meaning, emotion, and structure. Intonation is closely linked to grammar and sentence structure in English. Certain sentence types have characteristic intonation patterns, such as rising intonation for yes/no questions and falling intonation for declarative sentences. Within sentences, intonation is used to emphasize important information through stressing certain words or thought groups. Intonation also conveys aspects such as new information, contrast, meaning, mood, and cultural understanding.
Phonemes
In this presentation we have a brief introduction to English phonemes and some examples on how to identify them.
Prosodic phonology ms ferrer
This document discusses prosodic phonology and its key components. It covers syllable structure, word stress, sentence and phrase stress, and intonation. Syllable structure is examined in terms of onset, nucleus, and coda. Word stress patterns are described for monosyllabic, bisyllabic, and multisyllabic words. Sentence stress focuses on content and structure words. Intonation conveys meaning through pitch, rhythm, and sentence stress and serves attitudinal, accentual, grammatical, and discourse functions.
K - 12 Grade 6 English Quarter 1 Week 1
English VI Week 1 - Day 1 focuses on analyzing sound devices in texts. The lesson introduces various sound devices like onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonance, and consonance. Students are tasked to identify examples of these sound devices in poems and sentences. Figurative languages such as personification, irony, and hyperbole are also discussed.
Old_English_Paper_
- The poet Caedmon was granted a heavenly gift of song by God while asleep.
- He told the abbess of his dream and gift, and she asked him to sing his song to the scholars and learned men to judge its source and merit.
- They determined it was a heavenly gift from God. The abbess then took Caedmon into the monastery and had him taught religious history and doctrine.
- Caedmon composed many poems in the best meter retelling biblical stories from Genesis and other books in a way that was delightful to hear.
Complex sentences in spanish
This document discusses different types of compound and subordinate sentences in Spanish. It defines coordinate sentences as clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions that each have their own meaning. The main types of coordinate sentences are copulative, disjunctive, adversative, distributive, explanatory, and juxtaposed. Subordinate sentences have one independent clause and one dependent clause. The types of subordinate clauses are noun clauses, adjective clauses, and adverbial clauses. Adverbial clauses further specify place, time, manner, effect/result, condition, and concessive clauses. Examples are provided for each type of clause.
Grammar definitions
This document defines key grammar terms in Spanish including subjects, verbs, pronouns, adjectives, nouns, articles, prepositions, conjugation, infinitives, irregular verbs, and direct and indirect object pronouns. It explains that in Spanish, nouns must agree with adjectives and articles in gender and number, verbs are conjugated based on subject, and certain pronouns are used after prepositions or with certain verbs. It also notes some key differences in Spanish grammar compared to English such as different types of infinitives and irregular verb forms.
Intonation
The document discusses intonation in speech, including how pitch, stress, and tone are used to convey linguistic and pragmatic meaning. It covers topics like the rhythm of speech, parasodic features, whether English is a tonal language, the three types of decisions speakers make regarding tonality, tonicity and tone. It also describes falling tones, rising tones, fall-rising tones, and their functions in English.
4 the present tense of regular ar verbs
The document discusses the basic parts of Spanish verbs in the present tense. It explains that verbs have an infinitive form, ending, and stem. The infinitive is the basic unconjugated form ending in "ar", "er", or "ir". Removing the last two letters leaves the stem. Regular -ar verbs are then conjugated by adding endings to the stem according to subject pronouns like yo, tú, él/ella. Examples like "hablar" are provided to demonstrate how the stem and emphasis change in each conjugation.
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Use Of Stress And Intonation In Newspaper Headings
Use Of Stress And Intonation In Newspaper Headings
Use Of Stress And Intonation In Newspaper Headings
Use Of Stress And Intonation In Newspaper Headings
Use Of Stress And Intonation In Newspaper Headings
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Present participles
- 2. Participles are verbal adjectives They come from verbs, but work like adjectives (agree with the noun they describe) In Stage 20 we meet present participles In English, they end in –ing In Latin, they end in –ns or –nt- Translate them by putting –ing on the end of the verb they come from. WHAT IS A PARTICIPLE?
- 3. For each sentence: 1. identify the participle and the noun it is describing 2. translate into English EXAMPLES – P. 132
- 4. servi ad villam revenerunt, Barbillum portantes. Where is the participle? portantes What noun does it describe? servi both are nominative and plural! How do we translate the sentence? The slaves returned to the house, carrying Barbillus. SENTENCE 1
- 5. ancillae prope lectum stabant, lacrimantes. Where is the participle? lacrimantes What noun does it describe? ancillae both are nominative and plural! How do we translate the sentence? The slave girls were standing near the bed, crying. SENTENCE 2
- 6. astrologus in cubiculum irrupuit, clamans. Where is the participle? clamans What noun does it describe? astrologus both are nominative and singular How do we translate the sentence? The astrologer burst into the bedroom, shouting. SENTENCE 3
- 7. Barbillus, in lecto recumbens, astrologum audivit. Where is the participle? recumbens What noun does it describe? Barbillus both are nominative and singular How do we translate the sentence? Barbillus, laying in bed, heard the astrologer. SENTENCE 4
- 8. Phormio ad urbem contendit, medicum quaerens. Where is the participle? quaerens What noun does it describe? Phormio both are nominative and singular How do we translate the sentence? Phormio hurried to the city, looking for a doctor. SENTENCE 5
- 9. All present participles have third declension endings, stuck on the stem –nt-. ENDINGS Case/number Declension 3 Ending Participle Ending Nominative sing. Various -ns Accusative sing. -em -ntem Genitive sing. -is -ntis Dative sing. -i -nti Nominative pl. -es -ntes Accusative pl. -es -ntes Genitive pl. -ium -ntium Dative pl. -ibus -tibus
- 10. Participles are verbal adjectives, describing a noun as doing a verb. In English, they end in –ing. In Latin, they end in –ns (nominative) or –nt- plus third declension endings. SUMMARY