The document discusses early literacy skills and phonics instruction. It explains that early literacy provides students with foundational skills to transition from learning to read to reading to learn. These skills include phonics, vocabulary, language, and numeracy. It then discusses different phonics instructional approaches like synthetic, analytic, embedded, and analogy phonics as well as sight word instruction using Dolch's list. The Montessori Phonics-44 method teaches 44 speech sounds through 26 letters in a progressive, one-syllable based approach. Overall, the document outlines essential early literacy skills and different phonics teaching methods.

1. Reading and Phonics 44
In Early Literacy Development
Kay Yong, Khoo EdD
July 2020

2. Early Reading and Literacy
Early literacy gives
students the foundation they
need in orderto learnand grow.
Early literacy refers to the
development of skills
students need in order to
transition from learning to
read, to reading to learn.
These skills include
vocabulary, phonics,
language, and numeracy.

4. Phonics
Syntax
Semantics
Morphology
Reading
Vocabulary
Grammar
Comprehension
Speaking
Writing

5. Phonics
Reading
Phonics Synthetic
(Drew, 2020)
AnalyticEmbedded Analogy
Non-Phonics Dolch’s Sight Words
(Dolch, 1936)
Montessori Phonics44 :
• One-syllabled based;
• Progressive Development;
• Developmentally Appropriate
(Morris, 1984)
Sentences
(Syntax/Semantics)
Words/Vocabulary
Morphology

6. Brother, father
Toefl , fancl
Tackle, Quay
Towel, hostel
Fast, forever
Clerk
Got/pot
Little, litter
head, again
sharpener
magnet
croissant
muesli
practised
basket
Wasted
Method
Of, off
beat bit
sad sat
home, aim
chef ,example
fat, Wednesday
clap , egg, leg, hand
market, again,
Umbrella
Coconuts
plumber, bomber
moon book
knife, knob
caught, lounge
Debt, sharpener
their, aeroplane
flour, flower
Tortoise
Three, tree

7. SYNTAX
粤语：你瘦过我。/你走先。
普通话：你比我瘦。/你先走。

8. SYNTAX
粤语：你瘦过我。/你走先。
普通话：你比我瘦。/你先走。
leaveYou
first
thin
You I am

9. Contextual clues in
words

10. sad

11. hurdle
Context

12. hurdle

13. hurdles

14. Chinese—看字识义

15. Chinese—看字识义

16. Phonics
Reading
Phonics Synthetic
(Drew, 2020)
AnalyticEmbedded Analogy
Non-Phonics Dolch’s Sight Words
(Dolch, 1936)
Montessori Phonics44 :
• One-syllabled based;
• Progressive Development;
• Developmentally Appropriate
(Morris, 1984)
Sentences
(Syntax/Semantics)
Words/Vocabulary
Morphology

17. Knowledge? Or Skill? PHONICS

18. The Dolch Sight Words list is the most
commonly used set of sight words.
Educator Dr. Edward William Dolch
developed the list in the 1930s-40s by
studying the most frequently occurring
words in children’s books of that era. The
list contains 220 “service words” plus 95
high-frequency nouns. These words
comprise 80% of the words you would find
in a typical children’s book and 50% of the
words found in writing for adults. Once a
child knows this list of words, it makes
reading much easier, because the child can
then focus his or her attention on the
remaining words.

19. Dolch’s sight word research stands the
test of time as his pioneer research
continues to be used in classrooms today.
“A child’s language development is, next to
his character, the most important part of
his school experience.”
Most nouns are not universal but
rather linked to a particular activity
or subject matter.

22. Montessori
Phonics-44

23. Phonics –44
English Words
Spoken Written
24 consonant sounds 21 consonant letters
20 vowel sounds 5 vowel letters
--------------------------------------------------
44 speech sounds 26 alphabet letters

24. 24
consonant
sounds

25. 20 vowel
sounds

26. ac t
p
m
r
a t
a t
a t
eb g
it p
or b
uh g

27. a tfl
fl i p
ac
mpor
Initial blends
Final blends
Double consonant sounds
Digraphs
eb ll
ob ss
ish p
is nk
lm

28. ai
ay
a-e
t ea
Phonograms
mai
ays
Initial blends
Final blends
Double consonant sounds
Digraphs
a ebl m
a esh k

29. Phonics
Reading
Phonics Synthetic
(Drew, 2020)
AnalyticEmbedded Analogy
Non-Phonics Dolch’s Sight Words
(Dolch, 1936)
Montessori Phonics44 :
• One-syllabled based;
• Progressive Development;
• Developmentally Appropriate
(Morris, 1984)
Sentences
(Syntax/Semantics)
Words/Vocabulary
Morphology

30. Early Reading and Literacy

32. Early
Reading
and
Literacy

33. Early Reading and Literacy

39. Phonics
Reading
Phonics Synthetic
(Drew, 2020)
AnalyticEmbedded Analogy
Non-Phonics Dolch’s Sight Words
(Dolch, 1936)
Montessori Phonics44 :
• One-syllabled based;
• Progressive Development;
• Developmentally Appropriate
(Morris, 1984)
Sentences
(Syntax/Semantics)
Words/Vocabulary
Morphology

40. Early Reading and Literacy
http://www.mels.hk/robotic_page/pmainmenu44.html

45. When an instructor
encourages students
to moves through the
cycle of Bloom’s
stages, he or she
simultaneously
encourages student
autonomy.
(Smith & Darvas, 2017)

46. Early Reading and Literacy

47. Early Reading and Literacy

48. Early Reading and Literacy

49. Early Reading and Literacy

50. References:
Dolch, E. W. (1936). A Basic Sight Vocabulary. The Elementary School Journal, 36(6), 456-460.
Drew, C. (2020). The 4 Types of Phonics, Explained! Retrieved from https://helpfulprofessor.com/types-
of-phonics/
Morris, J. M. (1984). Focus On Phonics. Reading, 18(1).
Smith, V. D., & Darvas, J. W. (2017). Encouraging Student Autonomy Through Higher Order Thinking
Skills. Journal of Instructional Research, 6(1), 29-34.