The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT), detailing its history, benefits, and various applications, including healthcare, traffic management, and smart agriculture. It emphasizes the use of the ESP8266 WiFi system-on-chip, along with programming practices, particularly using the Arduino IDE and NodeMCU platform. Additionally, it discusses setting up an IoT environment, encompassing cloud services and coding examples for sensor data management.

2. What is Internet of Things?

3. History

4. How does it work?

5. Why Internet of Things?

7. Applications
● Health care – Patient monitoring systems, Fitbit
● Traffic management – Google Maps
● Home automation
● Transport and logistics
● Services industry
● Smart agriculture
● And the possibilities are endless...

8. Challenges
● Privacy
● Security

12. Built-in Cloud Computing

15. Crowdsensing

17. Narrowband IoT

18. LoRa

19. Sigfox

20. ESP8266
● ESP8266 a low cost WiFi SoC manufactured by ESPRessif Systems
based out of Sanghai, China.
● Has full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capabilities.
● Also comes to GPIO pins for digital read/write.
● Has in built ADC for analog data read.
● Supports I2C protocol
● Has UART on dedicated pins (RX/TX)
● Supports three modes: AP, ST and Dual

21. Types of ESP8266

22. ESP8266-01 Pinout

23. ESP8266-12 Pinout

24. Best practices for ESP8266
● ESP8266 are 3V SoCs so always use a logic level controller when
powering them up.
● If using ESP8266 with Arduino, have external power for ESP8266 and all
connections from Arduino should be made through a logic level controller.
● Use simulators like circuito.io before doing the actual connections and
burning the code to the SoC.

25. Node MCU
● An open source IoT platform
● It is based on ESP-12 hardware from Espressif Systems
● It runs on ESP8266 WiFi SoC firmware
● The firmware uses Lua scripting language

26. Node MCU Pinout

27. Processing
An open source computer programming language and integrated
development environment (IDE) built for
- Electronic arts
- New media arts
- Visual design
Examples : https://processing.org/examples/

28. Arduino Platform

29. Arduino IDE

30. Programming
● The ESP8266 can be programmed with the Arduino software IDE
(integrated development environment).
● Programming language used is C like but more towards Processing
language.
● The ESP8266 comes with preburned with a Bootloader that allows you to
upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware
programmer.

31. A C program
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
Printf(“Hello, world!”);
}

32. Hello, world! in ESP8266

33. AI in IoT

34. Blockchain in IoT

35. The Lab Session
● The basic Hello, world! in ESP8266-12/Node MCU
● Creating an AP with Node MCU
● Scan all WiFi networks along with signal strength
● Reading an analog sensor data
● Sending sensor data to cloud
● Remote toggle an LED
● Toggle LED with sensor data and log to cloud

36. Setting up the environment
● Install Arduino IDE
● Go to File > Preferences
● Add the link to Additional Board Managers URLs :
http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
● Go to Tools > Boards > Board Manager, and search for ESP8266 by
ESP8266 Community and install it
● Again go to Tools > Boards > Select Node MCU 1.0 from the list of
boards available.

37. Setting up the cloud
● Create a Heroku account
● Install git
● Create a Heroku app
● Add MongoDb resource to the app
● Clone/fork the server code: github.com/opencubelabs/iot_sample_server
● Link git repo to Heroku app

38. Let’s get started...